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sDLS - Distributed Least Squares localization for large Wireless Sensor Networks

sDLS - Distributed Least Squares localization for large Wire...

引用

International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Workshops (ICUMT)

作者： Ralf Behnke Jakob Salzmann Dominik Lieckfeldt Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been of high interest during the past couple of years. One of the most important aspect of WSN research is location estimation. As a good solution of fine grained localization Reichenbach et al. introduced the distributed least squares (DLS) algorithm, which splits the costly localization process in a complex precalculation and a simple postcalculation which is performed on constrained sensor nodes to finalize the localization by adding locale knowledge. This allows to perform an originally complex calculation with high precision on constrained nodes. Besides this advantage, DLS lacks in two harmful constraints concerning practical appliance. On the one hand the algorithm does not scale, i.e. calculation and communication increases with the number of beacon nodes or with network size, respectively. On the other hand DLS even does not work for large networks. An important assumption of DLS is that each blind node can communicate with each beacon node to receive the precalculation and to determine distances to beacon nodes. In this work we present an adaptation of DLS, concerning major changes, which enables DLS to be used in large WSNs for the first time. At the same time computational and communicational cost of each node becomes independent from network size, while precision is kept on the same high level.

关键词： Least squares methods Wireless sensor networks computer networks Computational efficiency microelectronics Distributed computing Home appliances Scalability LAN interconnection Assembly

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Characterizing the Influence of Human Presence on Bistatic Passive RFID-System

Characterizing the Influence of Human Presence on Bistatic P...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking And Communications (WiMob)

作者： Dominik Lieckfeldt Jiaxi You Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Using simple and cost-effective tags, passive RFID systems offer a promising aid for identifying and localizing objects and users in indoor environments. Although systems based on radio frequencies usually suffer from multi-path interference and signal scattering, we show that the characteristics of such interference and scattering can be analyzed with passive RFID. We present and analyze measurements of received signal strength (RSS) conducted in an indoor environment using a passive bistatic RFID-System. In order to characterize the influence of human presence on RSS, measurements were conducted for different user locations and orientations in an indoor deployment area. Finally, an analytical approximation of the relation between user location and RSS is presented in accordance to our measurement results.

关键词： Humans Passive RFID tags Radiofrequency identification Indoor environments Radiofrequency interference Scattering Signal analysis Radio frequency RF signals Area measurement

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Free-CLASH — improved localization-free clustering in large wireless sensor networks

Free-CLASH — improved localization-free clustering in large...

引用

International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Workshops (ICUMT)

作者： Jakob Salzmann Ralf Behnke Jiaxi You Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

This paper investigates topology management of large wireless sensor networks. Due to their random deployment, nodes have to organize themselves as energy efficient as possible to avoid redundant sensing and transceiving tasks while maintaining complete sensor coverage and connectivity as long as possible. In this work, we present a clustering algorithm for redundancy detection. With few local rules, nodes are able to cluster themselves autonomously without location information. As an enhancement to its predecessors, we propose additional local rules to provide regular cluster structure without routing holes. Inside each regular cluster, nodes' roles are completely exchangeable and only one node per cluster is active. Simulation results of stochastic deployment are used to demonstrate the performance of our algorithm, in terms of coverage abilities, lifetime and regularity.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Clustering algorithms Routing Sensor systems Sensor phenomena and characterization computer networks Energy efficiency Wireless communication Batteries Centralized control

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4-MASCLE - Improved Coverage Aware Clustering with Self Healing Abilities

4-MASCLE - Improved Coverage Aware Clustering with Self Heal...

引用

Symposia and Workshops on Ubiquitous, Autonomic and Trusted Computing, UIC-ATC

作者： Jakob Salzmann Ralf Behnke Martin Gag Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

In large wireless sensor networks, randomly deployed nodes have to organize themselves as energy efficient as possible to avoid redundant sensor and transceiver operations. In addition to its energy awareness, the network has to guarantee complete functionality as long as possible. This paper presents an enhanced version of the clustering algorithm 2-MASCLE. The proposed 4 MASCLE algorithm combines advantages of temporal and spatial network fragmentation by introducing a network division in a four phase based cell system. The assisting ability of adjacent cells is exploited to apply self healing features to the network. We compare our developed algorithm to the basic algorithms and achieve a significant improve of network lifetime.

关键词： Clustering algorithms Wireless sensor networks Energy efficiency Transceivers

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Exploiting RF-Scatter: Human Localization with Bistatic Passive UHF RFID-Systems

Exploiting RF-Scatter: Human Localization with Bistatic Pass...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking And Communications (WiMob)

作者： Dominik Lieckfeldt Jiaxi You Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

In ubiquitous computing, localization of users in indoor environments is a challenging issue. On the one hand, localization data needs to have fine granularity to provide reasonable input for intention recognition and task planning. On the other hand, effects like multi-path interference and signal scattering of RF propagation in indoor environments reduces the accuracy of traditional wireless localization techniques. However, we prove that such adversary effects can be characterized and utilized conversely to localize the source of RF-scatter with passive UHF RFID. Since measuring spatial correlation requires many spatially separated transmitter and receiver pairs, cost-effective and unobtrusively attachable passive RFID-tags are especially suitable for this purpose. The passive tags are spatially distributed in a manner such that it is possible to infer the spatial correlation of received signal strength (RSS). The idea is to characterize the influence of user presence on RSS, and use such relationship for localization. Three localization algorithms are investigated which consist of a maximum likelihood estimator (MLE), and two linear least squares variants. Algorithms are applied to measurement data which we obtained in an indoor environment. The results evidences our idea of human localization in such bistatic RFID systems.

关键词： Humans Indoor environments Radiofrequency identification Maximum likelihood estimation Ubiquitous computing Radiofrequency interference RF signals Scattering Radio frequency Passive RFID tags

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SBCL - improved centroid estimation

SBCL - improved centroid estimation

引用

International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Workshops (ICUMT)

作者： Ralf Behnke Jakob Salzmann Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Localization of sensor nodes is one of the key issues in wireless sensor networks. It is a precondition for a variety of applications, as well as geographic clustering and routing. A simple approach for coarse grained localization is centroid localization (CL) which was firstly presented by Bulusu et al. and assumed regularly arranged beacons. Unfortunately, CL has a biased error whenever exactly three beacons are in range or the beacons are situated at the edges of the sensor field. In this work, we investigate the bias and its impacts on localization error. With our shape-based CL algorithms, we present possibilities to reduce this error and improve the localization accuracy of CL. However, since our new approaches introduce more complexity to CL, an analysis of the complexity of the algorithms is presented.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Algorithm design and analysis computer networks Routing microelectronics Application software LAN interconnection Assembly Energy consumption Global Positioning System

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sDLSnd - Scalable Distributed Least Squares Localization with Reduced Complexity

sDLSnd - Scalable Distributed Least Squares Localization wit...

引用

New Technologies, Mobility and Security (NTMS)

作者： Ralf Behnke Jakob Salzmann Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been of high interest during the past couple of years. One of the most important aspects of WSN research is location estimation. As a good solution of fine grained localization Reichenbach et al. introduced the distributed least squares (DLS) algorithm, which splits the costly localization process in a complex precalculation and a simple postcalculation which is performed on constrained sensor nodes to finalize the localization by adding locale knowledge. This approach lacks for large WSNs, because cost of communication and computation theoretically increases with the network size. In practice the approach is even unusable for large WSNs. An important assumption of DLS is that each blind node is able to communicate with each beacon node to receive the precalculation and to determine distances to beacon nodes. This restriction have been overcome by scalable DLS (sDLS), which enabled to use the idea of DLS in large WSNs for the first time. In this work an adaptation of sDLS is presented, dramatically reducing cost of update operations, which are an integral part of sDLS. In addition, localization accuracy becomes improved.

关键词： Least squares methods Wireless sensor networks computer networks Costs Computational efficiency microelectronics Distributed computing Scalability LAN interconnection Assembly

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Web services to improve interoperability of home healthcare devices

Web services to improve interoperability of home healthcare ...

引用

2009 3rd International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare - Pervasive Health 2009, PCTHealth 2009

作者： Moritz, Guido Zeeb, Elmar Golatowski, Frank Timmermann, Dirk Stoll, Regina Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock 18055 Rostock Germany Center for Life Science and Automation 18119 Rostock Germany Instituteof Preventive Medicine University of Rostock 18055 Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789639799424

Home healthcare can be divided into monitoring and assistance scenarios. In both scenarios, miscellaneous devices are applied for dedicated sensor or actuator functionalities. The requirements and assumptions for the different nodes split the devices in three different classes with particular characteristics concerning energy consumption, power supply, memory, computing power, and bandwidth. Nevertheless, the number of nodes and complexity of setups require new concepts like Service-oriented Architectures to solve arising problems. In this paper, the Devices Profile for Web Services is suggested as comprehensive middleware for all three device classes. Hence, Web services technologies, which are already applied in the internet and in automation industry, can avoid interoperability problems of sensors and actors in the domain of home healthcare also.

关键词： Interoperability

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Influence of polysilicon thickness on the microwave attenuation losses of the CPWs fabricated on polysilicon-passivated high-resistivity silicon substrates

Influence of polysilicon thickness on the microwave attenuat...

引用

2009 International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium, ISDRS '09

作者： Chen, Chao-Jung Wang, Ruey-Lue Su, Yan-Kuin Huang, Chun-Yuan Chen, Yung-Feng Hung, Cheng-Yuan Institute of Microelectronics Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Kaohsiung Normal University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Applied Science National Taitung University Taitung Taiwan Department of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Tung-Fang Institute of Technology Taiwan

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Strategies to overcome border area effects of coarse grained localization

Strategies to overcome border area effects of coarse grained...

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Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communication, WPNC

作者： Ralf Behnke Jakob Salzmann Ralf Grossmann Dominik Lieckfeldt Dirk Timmermann Kerstin Thurow Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Germany Center for Life Science Automation Rostock Germany

Localization of sensor nodes is one of the key issues in wireless sensor networks. Next to the ability, to assign a phenomenon to a position, localization is a precondition for sensor network algorithms like geographic clustering and routing. A simple approach for coarse grained localization is centroid localization (CL), which was firstly presented by Bulusu et al. and assumes regularly arranged beacons. The localization accuracy was improved by various centroid-based algorithms, which use approximate distances to improve location estimation through weighting beacons in range, e.g. weighted centroid localization (WCL). Nevertheless, all these approaches have in common an increased localization error near network borders. In this work, we investigate this error and present two strategies to reduce the localization error of border area nodes.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks Navigation computer networks Sensor phenomena and characterization Clustering algorithms Routing Algorithm design and analysis microelectronics Automation LAN interconnection

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