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Decentral load control for data centers

IEEE/ACM Int'l Conference on & Int'l Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom)

作者： Felix Uster Franz Plocksties Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728176475

ISBN: (纸本)9781728176482

The regulation and stabilization of the power grid requires various system services that have been provided so far primarily by conventional power plants. With the future shutdown of coal-fired and nuclear power plants, investigations into the provision of these services will become all the more important in order to ensure the safe operation of the grid. Currently, photovoltaic and wind can only provide limited so-called control power, so that new methods such as the regulation of large consumers will become interesting. Adapting the electricity requirements of consumers to the current grid situation has a comparable effect to the provision of additional balancing power on the generation side. Some consumers like data centers can provide primary control power at high speed. In this paper we present how data centers can autonomously support grid stabilization with minimal impact on the daily operation. Additional benefits include an higher efficiency and the ability to take advantage of any future financial bonuses by regulation authorities or electricity suppliers.

关键词： Data centers Power demand Power grids Program processors Regulation Load management Load flow control

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Automatic Configuration of a TSN Network for SDC-based Medical Device Networks

Automatic Configuration of a TSN Network for SDC-based Medic...

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IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS)

作者： Benjamin Rother Martin Kasparick Eike Schweißguth Frank Golatowski Dirk Timmermann Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728152974

ISBN: (纸本)9781728152981

Today's operating rooms consist of a multitude of medical devices. Nowadays, the interconnection of these devices is manufacturer-dependent. To overcome this lack of interoperability, the new IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) family of standards has been developed. Plenty of use cases take advantages from the interconnection of medical devices among each other, based on SDC. In this paper, we focus on time-critical use-cases, like the activation of a high-frequency surgical device to emit power at the instrument triggered by a networked foot switch. The execution of such remote control operations, are dependent on deterministic data transmission. To fulfill these requirements we propose the usage of the new Time-sensitive Networking (TSN) standards IEEE 802.1. The combination of SDC and TSN enables semantic interoperability and hard real-time communication at the same network, based on standards. We provide a new approach to automatically configure the underlying TSN network by means of the medical devices' self-description according to the SDC family of standards. Our approach shows that the required information for configuring the TSN network can be extracted from the self-description.

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Trust Zone Formation for Building Automation Networks Using Building Information Modeling

Trust Zone Formation for Building Automation Networks Using ...

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Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things (GCAIoT), IEEE Global Conference

作者： Arne Wall Björn Butzin Dirk Timmermann University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728184203

ISBN: (纸本)9781728184210

Modern Building Automation Systems (BAS) consist of sensors and actuators that are connected via an IP-based network and offer their functionality via RESTful APIs. Because a single device can be exploited by an attacker to perform attacks within the local network, we put devices into isolated groups. These groups are isolated MAC-layer Trust Zones to reduce the attack surface in contrast to a BAS with fully connected devices. We propose an algorithm that leverages the so far neglected potential of Building Information Modeling (BIM) to compute Trust Zones. We assure unimpaired operation of all applications while limiting the number of infrastructure devices. The proposed mechanisms are demonstrated considering sensors and actuators that are connected via wired Ethernet and the IEEE 802.11s WLAN mesh standard. At the application layer we make exemplary use of the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP). Finally, we experimentally evaluate the device acquisition and selection based on our network partitioning algorithm.

关键词： Actuators Wireless LAN Restful API Sensor systems Sensors Partitioning algorithms Building automation

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A Calibration Procedure for Sensor Based Adaptive Voltage Scaling Approaches 29

A Calibration Procedure for Sensor Based Adaptive Voltage Sc...

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29th IEEE International Symposium on Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation, PATMOS 2019

作者： Niemann, Christoph Ali, Munawar Heller, Jakob Timmermann, Dirk Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728121031

Nowadays, VLSI systems suffer from increasing impacts of aging and variability. Traditionally, this is treated by applying extensive guard bands. As those guard bands are chosen at design time, they are necessarily worst case guard bands. Thus, most often they are too pessimistic. Current research tries to mitigate this by means of in-situ performance measurement based Adaptive Voltage Scaling (AVS). AVS typically relies on assumptions regarding the timing behavior of the application logic in relation to the behavior of a specific canary or sensor logic. Most published approaches use manually gained empirical data of just a few test chips and application designs for this purpose. However, to practically apply these techniques, an automatic calibration flow is needed. We propose such an automated calibration flow and test it on multiple FPGAs. We achieve an average power saving of 67%. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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AI-based Object Detection for Assisting the Visually Impaired People

AI-based Object Detection for Assisting the Visually Impaire...

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Mobile Computing and Sustainable Informatics (ICMCSI), International Conference on

作者： Syed Sameer Parul Madan Sathish Kannan Vijay Jagdish Upadhye Harshal Patil S. Rajkumar Project Engineer Department of Science and Technology Karnataka State Council for Science and Technology (KSCST) Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Campus Bengaluru Karnataka India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to be University Dehradun Uttarakhand India Department of VLSI Microelectronics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai Tamil Nadu India Deputy Director Research and Development Cell Department of Microbiology Parul Institute of Applied Sciences Parul University Waghodia Gujarat India Computer Science and Engineering Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International (Deemed University) Pune Maharashtra India Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Manufacturing Institute of Technology Hawassa University Ethiopia

In recent decades, vision problems have become more common. One significant barrier is that people who are visually impaired generally require assistance performing their daily tasks. As a result, developing a technological solution to this challenge is critical. Implementing an automatic object identification system can enable visually impaired people to roam independently. The study employs two Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, a Region-based Fully Convolutional Network (RFCN) and a Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask RCNN), to detect objects and assess their performance. The evaluation demonstrates RFCN's outstanding performance with an impressive Mean Average Precision (mAP) score of 0.825. The Raspberry Pi processor is used as a vital component in the process of hardware development. The RFCN model is integrated into the processor to aid in the identification of objects collected by the system's pi-camera. The detected objects are communicated to users via auditory feedback. The hardware system also includes an ultrasonic sensor, which provides distance information for the detected objects. This full hardware solution is specifically developed to help visually impaired people overcome mobility issues in both indoor and outdoor settings. The suggested system seeks to improve the autonomy and safety of visually impaired individuals in their day-to-day activities by seamlessly mixing advanced technologies such as AI and embedded systems.

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Stitching Notification Distribution Trees for Content-based Publish/Subscribe with P4

Stitching Notification Distribution Trees for Content-based ...

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IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)

作者： Christian Wernecke Helge Parzyjegla Gero Mühl Peter Danielis Eike Schweissguth Dirk Timmermann Institute of Computer Science Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock Rostock Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728181592

ISBN: (纸本)9781728181608

Publish/subscribe is a flexible communication pattern for loosely coupled distributed applications. The content-based variant matches each published notification against active subscriptions to determine a set of interested subscribers to which the notification is to be delivered. Since the recipient set can be different for each notification, it is challenging to find and install profitable forwarding rules on the network switches. In this paper, we present novel notification forwarding schemes implemented in P4 that use virtual trees (VTs) installed on switches and additional forwarding information encoded in notification packets that is used to connect VTs, to extend VT branches, or to cut off VT subtrees. For deriving beneficial VTs, we consider (i) topological properties of the physical network, (ii) publisher/subscriber relationships, and (iii) notification statistics. We present a generic algorithm for encoding distribution trees and evaluate our forwarding schemes in a data center network. The results show that our schemes perform well and save network bandwidth by reducing the notification header length.

关键词： Data centers Runtime Network topology Telecommunication traffic Switches Routing Software defined networking

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A model-driven approach for conducting simulation experiments

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2021年

作者： Wilsdorf, Pia Heller, Jakob Budde, Kai Zimmermann, Julius Warnke, Tom Haubelt, Christian Timmermann, Dirk van Rienen, Ursula Uhrmacher, Adelinde M. Institute for Visual and Analytic Computing University of Rostock 18051 Germany Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering University of Rostock 18051 Germany Institute of General Electrical Engineering University of Rostock 18051 Germany

With the increasing complexity of simulation studies, and thus increasing complexity of simulation experiments, there is a high demand for better support for their conduction. Recently, model-driven approaches have been explored for facilitating the specification, execution, and reproducibility of simulation experiments. However, a more general approach that is suited for a variety of modeling and simulation areas, experiment types, and tools, which also allows for further automation, is still missing. Therefore, we present a novel model-driven engineering (MDE) framework for simulation studies that extends the state-of-the-art by means for knowledge sharing across domains, increased productivity and quality of complex simulation experiments, as well as reusability and automation. We demonstrate the practicality of our approach using case studies from three different fields of simulation (stochastic discrete-event simulation of a cell signaling pathway, virtual prototyping of a neurostimulator, and finite element analysis of electric fields), and various experiment types (global sensitivity analysis, time course analysis, and convergence testing). The proposed framework can be the starting point for further automation of simulation experiments, and therefore can assist in conducting simulation studies in a more systematic and effective manner. For example, based on this MDE framework, approaches for automatically selecting and parametrizing experimentation methods, or for planning following activities depending on the context of the simulation study, could be developed. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Formal specification

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Software-Defined Security Architecture for Smart Buildings using the Building Information Model

Software-Defined Security Architecture for Smart Buildings u...

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2019 IEEE Global Conference on Internet of Things, GCIoT 2019

作者： Wall, Arne Butzin, Bjorn Golatowski, Frank Rethfeldt, Michael Timmermann, Dirk University of Rostock Institute of Applied Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Rostock18051 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728148731

Due to the fact that every smart building is a unique composition of devices, services, and users there is no one-fits-all security architecture. With our proposal we address this problem by using Building Information Modeling (BIM) as source of information for our security concept. Using BIM, models are created throughout the planning of a building, which do not consist only of 3D information such as typical CAD drawings, but also provide a rich set of metadata about the building elements including devices, their interrelationships and networking. Thus, BIM can be used to derive security configurations for each individual embedded device, its services and the network as a whole. We demonstrate the function of a general Security Controller to partition the network on MAC layer. Furthermore, we draw an overall picture of the proposed architecture and the range of possible applications. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Network layers

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Freeform Direct-write and Rewritable Photonic Integrated Circuits in Phase-Change Thin Films

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wu, Changming Deng, Haoqin Huang, Yi-Siou Yu, Heshan Takeuchi, Ichiro Ríos Ocampo, Carlos A. Li, Mo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States School of Microelectronics Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States

Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) with rapid prototyping and reprogramming capabilities promise revolutionary impacts on a plethora of photonic technologies. Here, we report direct-write and rewritable photonic circuits on a low-loss phase change material (PCM) thin film. Complete end-to-end PICs are directly laser written in one step without additional fabrication processes, and any part of the circuit can be erased and rewritten, facilitating rapid design modification. We demonstrate the versatility of this technique for diverse applications, including an optical interconnect fabric for reconfigurable networking, a photonic crossbar array for optical computing, and a tunable optical filter for optical signal processing. By combining the programmability of the direct laser writing technique with PCM, our technique unlocks opportunities for programmable photonic networking, computing, and signal processing. Moreover, the rewritable photonic circuits enable rapid prototyping and testing in a convenient and cost-efficient manner, eliminate the need for nanofabrication facilities, and thus promote the proliferation of photonics research and education to a broader community. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Phase change materials

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Robust Blind Linear Unmixing for Correlated Multimodal Images in Medical Applications

Robust Blind Linear Unmixing for Correlated Multimodal Image...

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IEEE URUCON

作者： Daniel Ulises Campos-Delgado Juan Nicolas Mendoza-Chavarria Javier A. Jo Raquel Leon Himar Fabelo Gustavo Marrero Callico Facultad de Ciencias Univ. Autonoma de San Luis Potosi Mexico School of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Oklahoma USA Inst. for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA) Univ. de Las Palmas en Gran Canaria Spain Fundación Canaria Inst. de Investigacion Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC) Spain Research Unit Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin Spain

ISBN: (数字)9798350355383

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355390

In this work, we introduce a new algorithm for robust blind linear unmixing focused in correlated multimodal images (CMI) with emphasis on medical applications. Our proposal is based on a linear model between end-members and abundances, and additive Gaussian and sparse noise components. The end-members represent spectral, time or morphological information, and their abundances denote their spatial contributions in the CMIs. Our formulation for blind linear umixing presents an iterative optimization scheme that uses a convex cost function, and jointly estimates end-members and their abundances, and a sparse noise component. The iterative methodology relies on cyclic coordinate descent optimization, constrained quadratic estimation and L1-regularization. In our evaluation, we consider synthetic datasets of biological tissue absorbance by hyperspectral imaging, and multi-spectral fluorescence life-time imaging. Our proposal was compared with five algorithms from the literature in linear unmixing, and it was able to provide the best compromise between estimation performance and complexity.

关键词： Biomedical equipment Noise Estimation Medical services Fluorescence Cost function Proposals Iterative methods Synthetic data Hyperspectral imaging

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