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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Vasanth, Kumar G. Palanivel, Hariprasanth Mukherjee, Rinku Aerodynamics and Flow-Physics Laboratory Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering Department IIT Madras Faculty Designate in Aerospace Engineering Jain Deemed-to-be-University Bangalore600036 India Aerodynamics and Flow-Physics Laboratory Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering Department IIT Madras 600036 India

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

Pressure distribution along the mid-span of the wing with NACA 4415 cross-section is obtained in a low-speed wind tunnel. Tufts are attached over the upper surface of the wing for surface flow visualization. Pressure distribution is measured continuously through the ten pressure tappings distributed over the upper surface as the wing moves from −15° to 15° and back to −15°. Along with pressure measurement, tufts are simultaneously photographed as the angle of attack is varied. Results from tuft flow visualization and pressure distribution are compared to understand the flow structure and pressure hysteresis as the wing undergoes stall and returns to the pre-stall regime. The angular velocity of the pitching motion is fixed, and its effect on the pressure hysteresis is studied by varying the Reynolds number. Experiments are carried out in an open test section low-speed wind tunnel in the Reynolds number range of 0.2 − 0.8 × 105. Simulations are carried out using Realizable k − Ε turbulence model to visualize the flow structure during the pitching motion. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reynolds number

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Perspectives for delivery of therapeutics by extravasation of biodegradable microspheres in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 969-970页

作者： Anne-Eva van der Wijk Ed VanBavel Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam Department of Biomedical Engineering and PhysicsAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Neuroscience Neurovascular Disorders ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Microcirculation ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Development of therapeutics for brain diseases has remained challenging,in particular due to the difficulty of passing the blood-brain *** a result,the current arsenal of therapeutics targeting the brain is limited to small,lipid-soluble drugs and there is a lack of options for treating neuroblastomas,Alzheimer’s disease,and many other devastating *** the advances in strategies for crossing the blood-brain barrier such as the use of nanoparticles(Hersh et al.,2022;Duan et al.,2023),such delivery systems have not yet reached clinical ***,novel platforms for the transport of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier remain highly *** specifically holds for large molecules such as monoclonal antibodies and recombinant proteins,as well as nucleotide-based therapeutics and cell *** efforts in this field are increasing exponentially,with thousands of publications in the last few years.

关键词： therapeutics holds spite

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Impact of wavefront shape on nonlinear ultrasound imaging of monodisperse microbubbles

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Physical Review applied 2024年第3期22卷 034062页

作者： Agisilaos Matalliotakis Rick Waasdorp Martin D. Verweij David Maresca Department of Imaging Physics Faculty of Applied Sciences Department of Biomedical Engineering

The field of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combines nonlinearly oscillating microbubbles (MBs) with dedicated pulse sequences to reveal the vascular function of organs. Clinical ultrasound contrast agents consist of polydisperse MB suspensions with diameters ranging from 0.5 to 10 μm and resonance frequencies ranging from 1 to 15 MHz. As a result, just a small fraction of MBs resonates at a given ultrasound frequency. MB suspensions with narrow size distributions can be tuned for a specific imaging frequency, boost CEUS sensitivity, and enable deeper vascular imaging. However, their enhanced nonlinear behavior makes imaging susceptible to nonlinear-wave-propagation artifacts. Here we numerically investigate the impact of the acoustic wavefront shape on the imaging of nonlinearly oscillating, monodisperse MBs. Specifically, our approach relies on an extension of the iterative nonlinear-contrast-source method that accounts for all nonlinear effects in CEUS. We demonstrate that supersonic X-shaped wavefronts referred to as “X waves” can be used to generate ultrasound images of monodisperse MBs without nonlinear-wave-propagation artifacts. In contrast, imaging based on focused, planar, and diverging wavefronts leads to significant nonlinear artifacts. Taken together, our results show that X waves can harness the full potential of monodisperse MBs by enabling their sensitive and specific detection in a tissue context.

关键词： Drop & bubble phenomena Imaging & diagnostics Nonlinear acoustics Front propagation Microbubbles Traveling waves Medical imaging Ultrasound techniques

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Performance test of brushless direct current (BLDC) generator in micro hydro power plant (MHPP) with Archimedes screw turbine 1

Performance test of brushless direct current (BLDC) generato...

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1st International Seminar on physics and Its Application, IsoPA 2024

作者： Bustomi, M.A. Setiawan, F.B. Indarto, B. Purwanti, E. Department of Physics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Program Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia

Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) generators have many advantages over DC generators that use brushes. In this research, the advantages of the BLDC generator are applied as a generator for a micro-hydro power plant (MHPP) that uses an Archimedes screw turbine. The study aims to test the performance of the BLDC generator as a generator on the Archimedes screw turbine MHPP. The MHPP specifications for the Archimedes screw turbine used in this research are an Archimedes screw turbine with three blades, an elevation angle of 40◦ and a transmission gear ratio of 2.8:1. The screw turbine has an inner diameter of 14.02 cm, an outer diameter of 23.9 cm, a pitch of 25.67 cm and a length of 51.34 cm. The generator used is a 3-phase Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) generator. The load used is a 12 Volt LED lamp with a 5 to 20 Watts power. The test results at a discharge of 0.00634 m3/s showed that the mechanical power was (36.408 ± 0.202) Watts and the highest electrical power was (7.86 ± 0.03) Watts. Based on these results, the efficiency of electrical power on mechanical power is around 22%. © 2024 Institute of physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydroelectric power plants

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Long-time nanoscopic bioimaging by phase-intensity nanoscopy 10

Long-time nanoscopic bioimaging by phase-intensity nanoscopy

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Quantitative Phase Imaging X 2024

作者： Cui, Guangjie Liu, Yunbo Zu, Di Kim, Do Young Lee, Somin Eunice Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Biomedical Engineering Applied Physics Biointerfaces Institute Macromolecular Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510669635

Light-matter interactions play essential roles in realizing a new generation of nanoscale imaging to overcome traditional trade-offs between spatial resolution and time capabilities. By harnessing engineered nanophotonic materials, scattered light can be shaped to enhance light matter interactions for nanoscale bioimaging. We achieved nanoscale bioimaging with record long time capabilities. Long time nanoscopy has the potential to unlock a wide range of new dynamical studies and insights in assembly, organization and pattern formation in biological and material systems, where nanoscopic rearrangements drive group-level movements at the macroscale over time. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Bioimaging

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Noninvasive nanoimaging-nanomanipulation of CRISPR-Cas in cells 21

Noninvasive nanoimaging-nanomanipulation of CRISPR-Cas in ce...

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Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine XXI 2024

作者： Zu, Di Li, Borui Lee, Somin Eunice Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Biomedical Engineering Applied Physics Biointerfaces Institute Macromolecular Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510669796

CRISPR-Cas9 is significantly potential and versatile gene-editing treatment for neurodegenerative disorders. The CRISPR-Cas9 system incorporates a single guide RNA (sgRNA) and Cas9 nuclease, which helps system to bind to the target sequence, and makes a double-strand break respectively. Viral vectors, as traditional delivery system of CRISPRCas9, cause safety issue regrading immunogenic complications. In this work we present alternative non-viral vectors with plasmonic properties as a delivery system. Our work provides a new perspective of nanoparticles for delivery and visualization applications of the CRISPR-Cas9 system. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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Interferometric phase-intensity nanoscopy 21

Interferometric phase-intensity nanoscopy

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Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine XXI 2024

作者： Kim, Do Young Cui, Guangjie Lee, Somin Eunice Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Biomedical Engineering Applied Physics Biointerfaces Institute Macromolecular Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510669796

We present a novel approach, interferometric phase intensity nanoscopy, to clearly define nanometer-scale objects situated closely together, going beyond the traditional diffraction limits. Our approach capitalizes on the strengths of interferometric scattering, which we've found remarkably effective for detecting entities as minute as individual nanoparticles and proteins. We integrated multiphase analysis with enhanced sensitivity to reveal elliptical Airy patterns that directly correlate with the nanostructures we observe. A key aspect of our methodology is the use of circular polarized illumination, which is essential for differentiating nanometer-scale objects that are closely spaced and below the diffraction limit. This technique opens up new possibilities for prolonged observation of nanoscale dynamics in biology, biomedicine, and bioengineering. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Diffraction

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Sub-10 nm nanoscopic imaging reveals sub-10nm cellular architectures 21

Sub-10 nm nanoscopic imaging reveals sub-10nm cellular archi...

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Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine XXI 2024

作者： Cui, Guangjie Kim, Do Young Zu, Di Chai, Guanbo Lee, Somin Eunice Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Biomedical Engineering Applied Physics Biointerfaces Institute Macromolecular Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510669796

Phase intensity nanoscope (PINE) is a new super-resolution method to further improve the resolution of existing techniques. PINE utilizes an integrated phase-intensity device to modulate phase differences between electric field components to distinguish nanoprobes within a diffraction-limited region. This phase-intensity separation enables continuous imaging without photobleaching. PINE achieved sub-10nm resolution of cellular structures through precise localization of populations of randomly distributed nanorod probes. The distribution of localized nanorods forms patterns of underlying structures. By defining features from probe distribution patterns and minimizing the distances of each probe to its feature projection, PINE extracts sub-10nm structural information. PINE will pave the way for new sub-10nm long-term investigations of previously unexplored material, chemical and biological dynamics. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Probes

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Single Crystal Row-Column Array based Rat Brain 3-D Ultrasound Localization Microscopy

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IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control 2025年第6期72卷 698-708页

作者： Sun, Qiandong Hou, Shilin He, Rui Fu, Yapeng Wu, Jiamin Dai, Jiyan Xu, Kailiang Fudan University Department of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai200438 China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Applied Physics Hong Kong Poda Medical Technology Co. Ltd 20 Shanghai0433 China Tsinghua University Department of Automation Beijing China

Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) enables imaging of cerebral vasculature at microscopic scale with deep penetration. However, conventional two-dimensional (2D) ULM suffers from the elevation projection and cannot capture the outof- plane vessels. Recently developed volumetric ULM overcomes the limitations by providing isotropic resolution and enabling comprehensive visualization of the microvascular architecture in three dimensions. In this study, we developed a single crystal 128 + 128 row-column addressed (RCA) probe centered at 13 MHz, with a bandwidth of 80% and a large aperture of 15.36 × 15.36 mm2, which is suitable for volumetric imaging of small animals and superficial organs. Three-dimensional rendering of superresolved vascular density and velocity maps was performed to visualize the cerebral vasculature at an improved spatial resolution of 24.7 μm. The developed methodology demonstrated the performance of single-crystal RCA based in vivo volumetric imaging of micro-cerebrovascular, highlighting its high potential for studying neurodegenerative diseases, intracranial aneurysms, and stroke. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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Entropy-Based Analysis of Electromyography Signal Complexity During Flexion of the Flexor Carpi Radialis Muscle Under Varied Load Conditions 4th

Entropy-Based Analysis of Electromyography Signal Complexity...

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4th International Conference on Electronics, biomedical engineering, and Health Informatics, ICEBEHI 2023

作者： Katherine Putra, Alfian Pramudita Kurniawan, Angeline Shane Istiqomah, Dezy Zahrotul Sholihah, Nisa’ul Al-Salehi, Khalid Ali Salem Ain, Khusnul Sapuan, Imam Andarini, Esti Biomedical Engineering Master Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Study program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia School of Nursing Southern Medical University Guangdong Guangzhou510515 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819714629

The motor impairments that stroke patients experience as a primary contributor to death and disability also impact their quality of life. Due to its characteristics as complex muscle signals, the Electromyograph (EMG) signal may be one of the markers in rehabilitation and a substitute that may be used to judge the success of rehabilitation. This study aims to analyze the complexity of EMG signals originating from the flexion of the flexor carpi radialis muscle with various weights indicating the rehabilitation state. It is important to monitor the progress of rehabilitation, and it can be done by using complexity analysis. The complexity of the EMG is examined in this work utilizing entropy measurement, namely Approximate Entropy (ApEn), Sample Entropy (SampEn), and Fuzzy Approximate Entropy (fApEn). We concentrated on the flexor carpi radialis muscle using flexion–extension exercises and varying the weight load. This study’s results indicate differences in the complexity of the EMG signal in the flexor carpi radialis when performing flexion–extension movements. Three differences showed a correlation based on the value of ApEN, SampEn, and fApEn. Complexity Analysis using fApEn showed the best correlation at R = 0.9966, which can be used to evaluate the rehabilitation process. The increase in weight was followed by the increase of the fApEn value, indicating that the value can be used to evaluate the rehabilitation process. The use of complexity analysis of EMG signal from flexion movement in flexor carpi radialis with various weights can be used to indicate the progress in the rehabilitation process. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Entropy

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