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IEEE International Symposium on biomedical Imaging

作者： Abdoljalil Addeh Karen Ardila Fernando Vega Ali Golestani M. Ethan MacDonald Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical & Software Engineering Department of Radiology Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary Canada Department of Electronic and Automation Biomedical Engineering Universidad Autónoma de Manizales Manizales Colombia Mitacs Globalink Research Internship Program Canada Department of Medical Physics Alberta Heath Services Canada

Among different physiological sources of noise in blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI), low-frequency fluctuation in arterial carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) constitutes the strongest modulator of the BOLD signal. In this paper, the performance of respiration variation (RV) and respiratory volume per time (RVT) in identifying abnormal but prominent respiratory patterns are studied. We used Human Connectome Project in the Developmental dataset, as children are a challenging cohort in fMRI studies and have irregular breathing. According to our findings, there is no guarantee that a given respiratory event evident in the abdominal respiratory belt transducer timeseries, such as a deep breath or pause in breathing, will be detectable in both RVT and RV. In addition, RVT and RV do not show similar behavior during some respiratory events, especially when the subject breathes deeply at a low rate, while they use almost similar respiratory response functions.

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Low-loss, nonvolatile tuning of Bragg structures with Sb2Se3

Low-loss, nonvolatile tuning of Bragg structures with Sb2Se3

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2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Nobile, Nicholas A. Lian, Chuanyu Sun, Hongyi Huang, Yi-Siou Mills, Brian Popescu, Cosmin Constantin Callahan, Dennis Hu, Juejun Ríos Ocampo, Carlos A. Youngblood, Nathan Electrical & Computer Engineering Department University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Draper Scholar Program The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc CambridgeMA02139 United States The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc CambridgeMA02139 United States

Sb2Se3 is used to switch between broadband transparency and enhanced index contrast in two device types leveraging Bragg gratings for tunable stop- and pass-band functionalities. Experimental results highlight fabrica... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Fabry-Perot interferometers

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Enhanced fast charging capabilities in natural graphite/iron cross-linked pectin electrodes for lithium-ion batteries

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Materials Advances 2024年第17期5卷 6820-6829页

作者： Chung, Chin-Yi Chen, Wei-Ming Chen, Yan-Ruei Chen, Liang-Yu Su, Yu-Hsuan Chi, Po-Wei Wu, Phillip M. Chang-Liao, Kuei-Shu Tang, Hong-Yi Wu, Maw-Kuen Institute of Physics Academia Sinica 128 Section 2 Academia Road Taipei11529 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica and National Tsing Hua University 128 Section 2 Academia Road Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu300044 Taiwan College of Science National Chung Hsing University 145 Xingda Road South District Taichung402 Taiwan Department of Applied Chemistry National Chi-Nan University 1 University Road Puli Nantou545301 Taiwan

Rapid charging capabilities are required for the broader adoption of lithium-ion batteries in emerging technologies such as electric vehicles. Although commercial graphite anodes provide a high energy density, their limitations in quick charging warrant the exploration of novel materials. This study extends prior research on the use of pectin, a natural polysaccharide, as an organic binder for graphite anodes. By introducing iron into pectin, we propose a unique ion-crosslinking mechanism that causes the graphite anode to exhibit pseudocapacitive Li storage. Our findings, corroborated by 3D Bode analysis and AC impedance spectra, revealed a positive correlation between the iron ion and the pseudocapacitive vertex in the graphite reaction. Compared with conventional binders, graphite electrodes utilizing iron-doped pectin demonstrated superior initial and stable capacities, reaching 450 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 1C. This study highlights the synergistic effect of pectin and iron ions, offering a new avenue for high-performance, rapid-charging, and environmentally sustainable lithium-ion batteries. © 2024 RSC.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Entanglement-Enhanced Neyman-Pearson Target Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ward, William Hariri, Abdulkarim Zhang, Zheshen Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48104 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48104 United States

Quantum illumination (QI) provides entanglement-enabled target-detection enhancement, despite operating in an entanglement-breaking environment. Existing experimental studies of QI have utilized a Bayesian approach, assuming that the target is equally likely to be present or absent before detection, to demonstrate an advantage over classical target detection. However, such a premise breaks down in practical operational scenarios in which the prior probability is unknown, thereby hindering QI's applicability to real-world target-detection scenarios. In this work, we adopt the Neyman-Pearson criterion in lieu of the error probability for equally likely target absence or presence as our figure of merit for QI. We demonstrate an unconditional quantum advantage over the optimal classical-illumination protocol as benchmarked by the receiver operating characteristic, which examines detection probability versus false-alarm probability without resorting to known prior probabilities. Our work represents a critical advancement in adapting quantum-enhanced sensing to practical operational settings. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Evaluation of occupational doses in surgical staff via Monte Carlo simulation

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applied Radiation and Isotopes 2025年 224卷 111894页

作者： Machado, Karen L. Maschio, Alessa Guimarães, Guilherme B. Santos, William S. Neves, Lucio P. Perini, Ana P. Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering of Federal University of Uberlândia MG Uberlândia Brazil Institute of Physics of Federal University of Uberlândia MG Uberlândia Brazil Federal University of Sergipe Center for Exact Sciences and Technology Department of Physics SE São Cristóvão Brazil

This study evaluated radiation exposure during fluoroscopy-guided surgical procedures using Monte Carlo simulations. The methodology involved modeling femoral osteosynthesis scenarios, representing both the patient and the occupationally exposed individual (OEI) with a female reference phantom from ICRP Publication 145. The study included 24 simulations, categorized into posteroanterior (PA) and lateral cross (LC) projections, with tube voltages ranging from 60 to 90 kV for PA and 70 to 100 kV for LC. Protective equipment, such as aprons, suspended glass, and curtains, was tested using alternative materials to lead, including bismuth and tungsten. The results demonstrated that bismuth and tungsten exhibited varying levels of radiation attenuation efficiency compared to lead, with performance expressed as percentages relative to lead-based equipment. While certain scenarios showed that bismuth and tungsten outperformed lead in radiation protection, other scenarios highlighted their limitations. For instance, at 90 kV in the PA projection, both materials resulted in significant increases in radiation dose compared to lead. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Reactor shielding

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Dark Current and Noise Characterization of InGaAs/GaAsSb T2SL Photodetectors 22

Dark Current and Noise Characterization of InGaAs/GaAsSb T2S...

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Optical Components and Materials XXII 2025

作者： Gil, Armando Phillips, Jamie Ettenberg, Martin H. Kurdak, Cagliyan Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor 48109 MI United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Newark 19716 DE United States Princeton Infrared Technologies Inc. 7 Deer Park Dr. Ste. E Monmouth Junction 08852 NJ United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor 48109 MI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684720

We investigate the dark current and dark current noise spectra of a short-wavelength infrared based blind photodiode as a function of temperature. We designed and built a custom cryogenic system with a slow temperature relaxation time to perform measurements. The measured device uses a type-II superlattice (2.9 nm InGaAs / 2.9 nm GaAsSb) absorption layer with an effective bandgap of 580 meV that is lattice-matched to InP. At temperatures above 150 K the dark current activation energy was found to be 140 meV, which rules out diffusion- or GR-limited currents and explains that large magnitudes of dark current when compared to similar devices. When normalized to current, we find that 1/f noise grows with temperature, reaches a maximum at about 200 K, then reduces as the temperature goes to 300 K. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： 1/f noise dark current InGaAs/GaAsSb SWIR T2SL

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Cofilin-Mediated Filament Softening and Crosslinking Counterbalance to Enhance Actin Network Flexibility

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第21期133卷 218402-218402页

作者： Zachary Gao Sun Michael Murrell Department of Physics Yale University 217 Prospect Street New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA Systems Biology Institute Yale University West Haven Connecticut 06516 USA Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA

Filamentous-actin (F-actin) crosslinking within the cell cytoskeleton mediates the transmission of mechanical forces, enabling changes in cell shape, as occurs during cell division and cell migration. Crosslinking by actin binding proteins (ABPs) generally increases the connectivity of the F-actin network, but also increases network rigidity. As a result, there is a narrow range in the concentration of crosslinker protein at which F-actin networks are both connected and labile. Another ABP, cofilin, severs F-actin filaments at high pH through increasing their bending flexibility and concentrating mechanical stress, inducing fragmentation. By contrast, at lower pH, cofilin increases filament flexibility yet does not sever. Instead, it forms disulfide bonds, which crosslink F-actin into bundles, and bundles into networks. Here, we combine light microscopy and rheology to determine the impact of two potentially opposing effects on the mechanics of F-actin networks—increased flexibility at the filament level, and increased connectivity at the network level. Indeed, by linear rheology, we find that these mechanisms are counterbalanced, such that cofilactin network moduli are only weakly dependent on cofilin concentration over a broad range, in contrast to the dramatic stiffening that occurs with F-actin crosslinking protein. Further, by nonlinear rheology, the network stiffens at a higher stress than crosslinking protein, indicative of a broader range in which the material remains flexible. These results may enable F-actin networks to increase connectivity without heavy penalties to rigidity, and thus provide a new route to modulating active polymer mechanics unseen using traditional F-actin accessory proteins.

关键词： Biomimetic & bio-inspired materials Biomolecular self-assembly Living matter & active matter Persistence length Polymer entanglement Rheological properties Rheology Shear deformation Strain

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Injectable citrate-based polyurethane-urea as a tug-of-war-inspired bioactive self-expansive and planar-fixing screw augmented bone-tendon healing

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第11期41卷 108-126页

作者： Meihan Tao Zhou Fang Yuting Zhu Yan Ju Zhiguo Hou Meimei Fu Zhihui Lu Daozhang Cai Jian Yang Jinshan Guo Department of Orthopedic Surgery Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510630PR China Department of Histology and Embryology NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of CosmeticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515PR China Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair Material Research Center Huangpu Institute of MaterialsGuangzhou New Materials Science CenterChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences88 Yonglong Avenue of Xinlong TownGuangzhou511363PR China Research Center for Industries of the Future Biomedical Engineering ProgramSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310030PR China CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022PR China

Inspired by tug-of-war,a game-changing bone-tendon fixation paradigm was ***,injectable citrate-based bioactive self-expansive and planar-fixing screw(iCSP-Scr)consisting of reactive isocyanate(NCO)terminalized citrate-based polyurethane,proanthocyanidin modified hydroxyapatite(HAp)and water(with/without porogen)was developed and administrated in the bone-tendon *** of the“point to point”tendon fixation by traditional interface screws,along with the moisture-induced crosslinking and expansion of iCSP-Scr within the confined space of the irregularly shaped bone-tendon gap,the tendon graft was evenly squeezed into the bone tunnel in a“surface to surface”manner to realize strong and stable bone-tendon fixation via physical expansion,mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding(between–NCO and the–NH2,–SH groups on bone matrix).The optimized iCSP-Scr exhibited rapid crosslinking,moderate expansion rate,high porosity after crosslinking,as well as tunable elasticity and *** iCSP-Scr possessed favorable biodegradability,biocompatibility,and osteoinductivity derived from citrate,PC and HAp,it was able to promote osteogenesis and new bone growth inward of bone tunnel thus further enhanced the bone/iCSP-Scr mechanical interlock,ultimately leading to stronger tendon fixation(pull-out force 106.15±23.15 N)comparing to titanium screws(93.76±17.89 N)after 14 weeks’ACL reconstruction in a rabbit *** iCSP-Scr not only can be used as a self-expansive screw facilitating bone-tendon healing,but also can be expanded into other osteogenic application scenarios.

关键词： Polyurethane Injectable Self-expansive Planar-fixing Citrate

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Acoustic Droplet Vaporization for On-Demand Modulation of Microporosity in Smart Hydrogels

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Aliabouzar, Mitra Quesada, Carole Chan, Ze Qi Fowlkes, Jeffry Brian Franceschi, Renny T. Putnam, Andrew J. Fabiilli, Mario L. Department of Radiology University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

Microporosity in hydrogels is critical for directing tissue formation and function. We have developed a fibrin-based smart hydrogel, termed an acoustically responsive scaffold (ARS), which responds to focused ultrasound in a spatiotemporally-controlled, user defined manner. ARSs are highly flexible platforms due to the inclusion of phase-shift emulsions and their tunable response to ultrasound through a mechanism termed acoustic droplet vaporization (ADV). Here, we demonstrated that ADV enabled consistent generation of micropores in ARSs, throughout the entire thickness (~5.5 mm), using a perfluorooctane phase-shift emulsion. Size characteristics of micropores were quantified in response to critical parameters including acoustic properties, emulsion size, and shear elastic modulus of fibrin using confocal microscopy. The findings showed that the median major axis length of the generated micropores correlated directly with excitation frequency, peak rarefactional pressure, pulse duration, size of the emulsion, and indirectly with the shear elastic modulus of the fibrin matrix. The ADV-generated micropores in ARSs were further compared with cavitation-mediated micropores in fibrin gels without emulsions. Additionally, the Keller-Miksis equation was used to predict an upper bound for micropore formation in ARSs at varying driving frequencies and emulsion sizes. Finally, our in vivo studies showed significant, frequency-dependent host cell migration (up to 2.6 fold higher at a lower frequency) in implanted ARSs following ADV-induced micropore formation. Overall, these findings demonstrate a new potential application of ADV in hydrogels. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ultrasonics

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In-Vivo Mouse Brain Imaging using Three-Photon Fluorescence Adaptive Optics

In-Vivo Mouse Brain Imaging using Three-Photon Fluorescence ...

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2022 IEEE Photonics Conference, IPC 2022

作者： Sinefeld, David Xia, Fei Wang, Mengran Wang, Tianyu Wu, Chunyan Paudel, Hari P. Ouzounov, Dimitre G. Bifano, Thomas G. Xu, Chris School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Applied Physics Electro-optics Engineering Faculty Jerusalem College of Technology Jerusalem Israel Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Boston University Photonics Center BostonMA United States Laboratoire Kastler Brossel ENS-PSL Research University Cnrs Sorbonne Université Collège de France Paris France

We demonstrate imaging of deep layers of mouse brain using three-photon fluorescence adaptive-optics based on 1300-nm femtosecond pulses and MEMS spatial-light-modulator. We show significant signal and resolution impr... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781665434874

ISBN: (纸本)9781665434874

关键词： Adaptive optics

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