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Effects of surface morphology on human osteosarcoma cell response

Current applied physics 2007年第SUPPL.1期7卷 e6-e10页

作者： Zhao, B.H. Lee, I.-S. Han, I.H. Park, J.-C. Chung, S.-M. Atomic-scale Surface Science Research Center Yonsei University Seoul 120 749 Korea Republic of Institute of Physics and Applied Physics Yonsei University Seoul 120 749 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 120 752 Korea Republic of Drroot Research Center Dentium Co. Seoul 135 879 Korea Republic of Implant Center School of Stomatology China Medical University Shenyang 110002 China Department of Metallurgical Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 120 749 Korea Republic of

It is known that surface roughness enhances the anchorage of implants to bone and opens up the possibilities of the incorporation and release of antibiotics around titanium implants. In this study, titanium oxide was formed by the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) method. Commercially available pure titanium disks with diameter of 10 mm and 2 mm in thickness were used as substrates. MAO of the specimen was carried out in an aqueous electrolyte by applying a pulsed DC wave to the specimen. The surface characteristics of the MAO implants, including surface morphology and surface roughness, were analyzed by SEM and surface profilometer, respectively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect produced by MAO of the titanium surface on cell cultures by cell proliferation assay, cell morphology and alkaline phosphatase activity. The results showed the formation of an oxide layer with micropores and roughness by MAO. No significant difference in the proliferation and spreading morphology of machined, blasted and MAO surfaces was observed. However, the ALP activity of osteoblast cells on MAO surface was higher than on machined and blasted surfaces in 4 day and 7 day cultures, respectively. From this study, it was concluded that the MAO-treated titanium exhibited an effect on early osteoblast differentiation. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cell culture

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Effect of Photothermal Therapy on Breast Tumor Vascular Contents: Noninvasive Monitoring by Near-infrared Spectroscopy¶

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Photochemistry and Photobiology 2007年第4期81卷

作者： Yueqing Gu Wei R. Chen Mengna Xia Sang W. Jeong Hanli Liu Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX Biomedical Engineering Laboratory China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing P.R. China Biomedical Engineering Program Department of Physics and Engineering University of Central Oklahoma Edmond OK

The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of photothermal laser irradiation on rat breast tumor (DMBA-4) vascular contents. An 805-nm diode laser was used in our experiment with a power density ranging from 0.32 to 1.27 W/cm 2 . The dynamic changes of oxygenated hemoglobin and total hemoglobin concentrations, Δ[HbO 2 ] and Δ[Hb] total , in rat tumors during photothermal irradiation were noninvasively monitored by a near-infrared spectroscopy system. A multichannel thermal detection system was also used simultaneously to record temperatures at different locations within the tumors. Our experimental results showed that: ( 1 ) photoirradiation did have the ability to induce hyperthermic effects inside the rat breast tumors in a single exponential trend; ( 2 ) the significant changes ( P < 0.005 ) of Δ[HbO 2 ] and Δ[Hb] total in response to a low dosage of laser irradiation (0.32 W/cm 2 ) have a single exponential increasing trend, similar to that seen in the tumor interior temperature; and ( 3 ) the increase in magnitude of Δ[Hb] total is nearly two times greater than that of Δ[Hb] total , suggesting that photoirradiation may enhance tumor vascular oxygenation. The last observation may be important to reveal the hidden mechanism of photoirradiation on tumors, leading to improvement of tumor treatment efficiency.

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Workshop on imaging science development for cancer prevention and preemption

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Cancer Biomarkers 2007年第1期3卷 1-33页

作者： Kelloff, Gary J. Sullivan, Daniel C. Baker, Houston Clarke, Lawrence P. Nordstrom, Robert Tatum, James L. Dorfman, Gary S. Jacobs, Paula Berg, Christine D. Pomper, Martin G. Birrer, Michael J. Tempero, Margaret Higley, Howard R. Petty, Brenda Gumbs Sigman, Caroline C. Maley, Carlo Sharma, Prateek Wax, Adam Ginsberg, Gregory G. Dannenberg, Andrew J. Hawk, Ernest T. Messing, Edward M. Grossman, H. Barton Harisinghani, Mukesh Bigio, Irving J. Griebel, Donna Henson, Donald E. Fabian, Carol J. Ferrara, Katherine Fantini, Sergio Schnall, Mitchell D. Zujewski, Jo Anne Hayes, Wendy Klein, Eric A. DeMarzo, Angelo Ocak, Iclal Ketterling, Jeffrey A. Tempany, Clare Shtern, Faina Parnes, Howard L. Gomez, Jorge Srivastava, Sudhir Szabo, Eva Lam, Stephen Seibel, Eric J. Massion, Pierre McLennan, Geoffrey Cleary, Kevin Suh, Robert Burt, Randall W. Pfeiffer, Ruth M. Hoffman, John M. Roy, Hemant K. Wang, Thomas Limburg, Paul J. El-Deiry, Wafik S. Papadimitrakopoulou, Vali Hittelman, Walter N. MacAulay, Calum Veltri, Robert W. Solomonzz, Diane Jeronimo, Jose Richards-Kortum, Rebecca Johnson, Karen A. Viner, Jaye L. Stratton, Steven P. Rajadhyaksha, Milind Dhawan, Atam NIH/NCI/DCTD Cancer Imaging Program Bethesda MD United States NIH/NCI/DCTD Cancer Imaging Program NCI-Frederick Frederick MD United States NIH/NCI/DCP Early Detection Research Group Bethesda MD United States The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Departments of Radiology Pharmacology and Oncology Division of Neuroradiology Baltimore MD United States NIH/NCI/CCR Cell and Cancer Biology Branch Bethesda MD United States University of California San Francisco Department of Medicine Division of Medical Oncology San Francisco CA United States CCS Associates Inc. Mountain View CA United States Wistar Institute Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program Philadelphia PA United States University of Kansas School of Medicine VA Hospital Kansas City MO United States Duke University Department of Biomedical Engineering Medical Physics Program Durham NC United States University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology Philadelphia PA United States New York Presbyterian Hospital Weill Medical College of Cornell University New York NY United States NIH/NCI/OD Office of Centers for Training and Resources Bethesda MD United States University of Rochester Medical Center Department of Urology Rochester NY United States University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Urology Houston TX United States Massachusetts General Hospital Abdominal Imaging/Interventional Radiology Boston MA United States Boston University Biomedical Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering and Physics Boston MA United States NIH/NCI/DCP Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers Research Group Bethesda MD United States The George Washington University Cancer Institute Office of Cancer Prevention and Control Washington DC United States University of Kansas Cancer Center Clinical Oncology Kansas City KS United States University of California Davis Department of Biomedical Engineering Davis CA United States Tufts University De

The article provides information on a workshop on the development of imaging systems for cancer prevention and preemption convened by the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Imaging program held in Gaithersburg, Maryland. Doctor Katherine Ferrara of the University of California discussed the function of ultrasound in breast tumor imaging. Ways to close the gap between development and application of imaging approaches were tackled in a roundtable discussion on cervix and skin cancer.

关键词： FORUMS (Discussion & debate) IMAGING systems in medicine CANCER prevention

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A comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and point-by-point back projection (BP) -- relevance to morphology of microcalcifications for isocentric motion in Digital Breast tomosynthesis (DBT)

A comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and poi...

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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Ying Chen Joseph Y. Lo James T. Dobbins Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Southem Illinois University Carbondale Carbondale IL USA Duke Adavanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University Medical Center Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710 Duke Advanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710 Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University and Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27710

Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a three-dimensional imaging technique providing an arbitrary set of reconstruction planes in the breast with limited series of projection images. This paper describes a comparison between traditional shift-and-add (SAA) and point-by-point back projection (BP) algorithms by impulse response and modulation transfer function (MTF) analysis. Due to the partial isocentric motion of the x-ray tube in DBT, structures such as microcalcifications appear slightly blurred in traditional shift-and-add (SAA) images in the direction perpendicular to the direction of tube's motion. Point-by-point BP improved rendition of microcalcifications. The sharpness and morphology of calcifications were improved in a human subject images. A filtered back projection (FBP) deblurring approach was used to demonstrate deblurred point-by-point BP tomosynthesis images. The point-by-point BP rather than traditional SAA should be considered as the foundation of further deblurring algorithms for DBT reconstruction.

关键词： Morphology Image reconstruction X-ray imaging Back Image edge detection Breast cancer Detectors biomedical engineering Transfer functions Humans

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Proposed Marine Mammal Noise Exposure Criteria: Current Data Base, Limitations, and Research Needs

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The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2008年第5_SUPPLEMENT期123卷 2988-2988页

作者： Darlene R. Ketten Ann E. Bowles William T. Ellison James J. Finneran Roger L. Gentry Charles R. Greene David Kastak James H. Miller Paul E. Nachtigall W J. Richardson Brandon Southall Jeanette A. Thomas Peter Tyack Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Applied Ocean Physics & Engineering Dept. Woods Hole MA 02543 USA dketten@whoi.edu Hubbs‐Sea World Research Institute 2595 Ingraham Street San Diego CA 92109 USA abowles@*** Marine Acoustics Inc 809 Aquidneck Ave Middletown RI 02842 USA WEMAI@*** US Navy Marine Mammal Program Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center 53560 Hull St. Code 71510 San Diego CA 92152 USA james.finneran@navy.mil ProScience Consulting LLC P.O. Box 177 Dickerson MD 20842‐0177 USA roger.gentry@*** Greeneridge Sciences Inc. 4512 Via Huerto Santa Barbara CA 93110 USA cgreene@*** UCSC Institute of Marine Sciences Long Marine Lab ‐ University of California 100 Shaffer Road Santa Cruz CA 95060 USA kastak@ucsc.edu University of Rhode Island Department of Ocean Engineering Narragansett Bay Campus Narragansett RI 02882 USA miller@egr.uri.edu University of Hawaii Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology P.O. Box 1106 Kailua HI 96734 USA nachtiga@hawaii.edu LGL Ltd. Environmental Research Associates P.O. Box 280 22 Fisher St King City AB L7B 1A6 Canada wjr@*** National Marine Fisheries Service 1315 East West Hwy SSMC III #12539 Silver Spring MD 20910‐6233 USA Brandon.Southall@noaa.gov Western Illinois University Quad Cities Department of Biological Sciences 3561 60th St. Moline IL 61265 USA j‐thomas@wiu.edu Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Applied Ocean Physics & Engineering Dept. Woods Hole MA 02543 USA ptyack@whoi.edu

This paper presents the findings of an inter‐disciplinary expert panel based on comprehensive review of hearing and noise effects data for marine and land mammals. The principal motivation for the review was to assist formulation of data‐based noise exposure criteria in light of rapidly evolving research advances in marine mammal hearing and underwater noise effects. Levels estimated to induce permanent hearing loss were determined for single exposure events for cetaceans (in water) and pinnipeds (in air and water) for each of 15 sound type/animal group combinations. These recommendations represent a current best estimate only and are modular, with modifiable key variables; e.g., source and exposure, to facilitate revision as data improve. In some cases, relatively explicit injury limits are proposed, e.g., 186 dB re: 1μPa2‐s (frequency‐weighted sound exposure level) and 218 dB re: 1μPapeak (unweighted peak sound pressure level) for pinnipeds in water exposed to multiple sound pulses. In others, particularly for behavioural effects of multiple‐pulse and non‐pulse exposures, response severity and significance are quantitatively scored, but the data do not allow identification of specific broadly‐applicable disturbance thresholds. These findings are a current best effort and include a discussion of limitations and recommended research needed to address data gaps.

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Carrier-Density-Dependent Lattice Stability in InSb

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Physical Review Letters 2007年第12期98卷 125501-125501页

作者： P. B. Hillyard K. J. Gaffney A. M. Lindenberg S. Engemann R. A. Akre J. Arthur C. Blome P. H. Bucksbaum A. L. Cavalieri A. Deb R. W. Falcone D. M. Fritz P. H. Fuoss J. Hajdu P. Krejcik J. Larsson S. H. Lee D. A. Meyer A. J. Nelson R. Pahl D. A. Reis J. Rudati D. P. Siddons K. Sokolowski-Tinten D. von der Linde J. B. Hastings Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA PULSE Center Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Menlo Park California 94025 USA Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory/SLAC Menlo Park California 94025 USA Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Menlo Park California 94025 USA Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany FOCUS Center Department of Physics and Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1 D-85748 Garching Germany Department of Physics University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Biomedical Centre Uppsala University SE-75124 Uppsala Sweden Department of Physics Lund Institute of Technology P.O. Box 118 S-22100 Lund Sweden Length/Time Metrology Group Korea Institute of Standards and Science Daejeon 305-600 Republic of Korea Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California 94550 USA Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources The University of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60637 USA Advanced Photon Source Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA National Synchrotron Light Source Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Institut für Experimentelle Physik Universität Duisberg-Essen D-45117 Essen Germany

The ultrafast decay of the x-ray diffraction intensity following laser excitation of an InSb crystal has been utilized to observe carrier dependent changes in the potential energy surface. For the first time, an abrupt carrier dependent onset for potential energy surface softening and the appearance of accelerated atomic disordering for a very high average carrier density have been observed. Inertial dynamics dominate the early stages of crystal disordering for a wide range of carrier densities between the onset of crystal softening and the appearance of accelerated atomic disordering.

关键词： Semiconducting indium compounds

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AUV propellers: Optimal design and improving existing propellers for greater efficiency

AUV propellers: Optimal design and improving existing propel...

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OCEANS 2006

作者： D'Epagnier, K.P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program Department of Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Woods Hole MA 02543 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424401151

Propeller design is a significant process that is overlooked in many design situations. Using propeller vortex lifting line code and two-dimensional analysis with Brockett diagrams, a propeller design can be optimized for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle with a given design speed by varying blade number, propeller diameter, hub position, and chordlength distribution over a given range of RPS appropriate to the AUV's thrusters [1]. Initial design decisions from PVL code chose a three-bladed 0.625m diameter propeller at 2RPS, with a hub located at r/R(0.2) and an efficiency of 0.7091. Final propeller design modified the chord distribution to improve distributed lift coefficients and to ensure that shallow-water operations would not experience cavitation effects. The final design geometry used the same values of the propeller blade number, diameter, RPS and hub location as the initial design, but at an efficiency of 0.7642. While off-the-shelf propellers, such as those designed for model airplanes, can have high calculated efficiencies relative to actuator disk theory, the lift coefficient at each radial position and the resulting stalling effects must be considered. Comparison of an existing design with an optimized design improves existing propellers and contributes to the process of choosing future off-the-shelf propellers. ©2006 IEEE.

关键词： Propellers

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SLS of Si films on polymer substrates: Materials and devices

SLS of Si films on polymer substrates: Materials and devices

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IMID/IDMC 2006: 6th Internaional Meeting on Information Display and the 5th International Display Manufacturing Conference

作者： Limanov, A.B. Van Der Wilt, P.C. Kane, M.G. Firester, A.M. Goodman, L. Lee, J. Abelson, J.R. Im, James S. Program in Materials Science and Engineering Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY United States Sarnoff Corporation Princeton NJ United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois Urbana IL United States

A number of research groups and companies have succeeded in employing various SLS schemes to create low defect-density Si films on glass substrates for making high performance TFTs, In this paper, we first point out that SLS can be utilized to just as effectively handle crystallization of thin Si films on polymer substrates, and then present preliminary results on high-performance circuits that are built using the materials.

关键词： Thin films

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Time-resolved reflectance of two-layered tissue models via scaling of "White" monte carlo simulations

Time-resolved reflectance of two-layered tissue models via s...

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biomedical Topical Meeting, BIO 2006

作者： Wilson, Robert H. Vishwanath, Karthik Mycek, Mary-Ann Department of Physics Ann Arbor MI 48109-2099 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Ann Arbor MI 48109-2099 United States Applied Physics Program Ann Arbor MI 48109-2099 United States Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2099 United States

Absorption-scaling methods were applied to Monte Carlo simulations of two-layered tissues by incorporating a path integral (PI) formalism. Times spent by photons in the top-layer can be significantly underestimated wh... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)1557528071

关键词： Monte Carlo methods

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Immuno‐Polymeric Nanoparticles by Diels–Alder Chemistry†

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Angewandte Chemie 2007年第32期119卷

作者： Meng Shi Jordan H. Wosnick Karyn Ho Armand Keating Molly S. Shoichet Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Department of Chemistry Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research University of Toronto 160 College Street Toronto ON M5S 3E1 Canada Fax: (+1) 416‐978‐4317 http://www.ecf.utoronto.ca/∼molly Cell Therapy Program Princess Margaret Hospital/Ontario Cancer Institute University Health Network 620 University Avenue Toronto ON Canada

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