Acquisition, analysis, and integration of medical images with nonimage biomedical information are essential for research and clinical practice. Individualization of health care, assessment of disease risk, tailoring o...
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The depth of light penetration is an interesting issue in various tissue optics experiments. The measurements of remitted light distribution was shown to allow for estimation of optical properties. However, in case of...
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The depth of light penetration is an interesting issue in various tissue optics experiments. The measurements of remitted light distribution was shown to allow for estimation of optical properties. However, in case of measurements with a short distance between the emitter and the detector, the diffusion equation fails, and the proposed methods cannot be applied. The aim of this study was to develop a simple method for estimation of the light penetration depth for short-distance measurements of remitted light. The idea is based on the analysis of the diffusely back-scattered light distribution adjacent to the emitter for the assessment of the scattering volume. The Monte Carlo method was used for theoretical estimation of the relationship between the light distribution around emitting fiber and the depth of light scattering volume. Two series of Monte Carlo simulations were performed: the first one with limited and the second one with unlimited scattering volume. In both series the values of absorption and scattering coefficients were altered within ranges typical of human tissues. The results of this study show that: the diffuse reflectance is strongly dependent on the absorption and scattering properties of the tissue and it is possible to estimate the depth of the scattering volume by use of the short distance profile of diffusely back-scattered light as measured at the surface of the tissue.
We demonstrate a novel two-photon-absorption (TPA) microfabrication technique with potential applications in tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. Complex 3-dimension (3D) microstructures can be constr...
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We demonstrate a novel two-photon-absorption (TPA) microfabrication technique with potential applications in tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. Complex 3-dimension (3D) microstructures can be constructed using this technique with the advantages of being maskless, single step, real 3D structure and high resolution. By use of this technique, we fabricated scaffold-like micro-well structures with sub-micron resolution and high aspect ratio by both raster scanning and pinpoint scanning methods. The linewidth and height of the resulted micro-wells are controlled by an ultraviolet (UV) pre-exposure step. The finest linewidth is 0.28 μm and the highest aspect ratio reaches 6.7.
A fast and effective model for predicting the salt and pH dependent properties of protein complexes is presented. It is based on the formal charge parameter sets of ionizable groups and applied in conjunction with the...
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A fast and effective model for predicting the salt and pH dependent properties of protein complexes is presented. It is based on the formal charge parameter sets of ionizable groups and applied in conjunction with the finite difference Poisson-Boltzmann (FDPB) method to calculate the electrostatic interactions. All simulations were performed on the native 2Zn insulin and its fast-acting mutants such as B9D (B9Ser→Asp), B9E (B9Aer→Glu), B9EB10D (B9Ser→ Glu, B10His→Asp), and B10D (B10His→Asp). The salt and pH dependent properties of these dimers were analyzed from the aspect of electrostatic interaction, and the theoretical basis of the fast-acting behavior of these mutants was explained. It is found that the results agree well with experimental observations.
We surveyed Peer Instruction users worldwide to collect data on their experiences with the pedagogy. Force Concept Inventory pre- and post-test scores at a range of institutions show learning gains above the level for...
We surveyed Peer Instruction users worldwide to collect data on their experiences with the pedagogy. Force Concept Inventory pre- and post-test scores at a range of institutions show learning gains above the level for traditional pedagogies and consistent with interactive engagement.
A multidisciplinary, collaborative simulation has been performed on a Grid of geographically distributed PC clusters. The multiscale simulation approach seamlessly combines i) atomistic simulation based on the molecul...
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Thin cylindrical tethers are common lipid bilayer membrane structures, arising in situations ranging from micromanipulation experiments on artificial vesicles to the dynamic structure of the Golgi apparatus. We study ...
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Thin cylindrical tethers are common lipid bilayer membrane structures, arising in situations ranging from micromanipulation experiments on artificial vesicles to the dynamic structure of the Golgi apparatus. We study the shape and formation of a tether in terms of the classical soap-film problem, which is applied to the case of a membrane disk under tension subject to a point force. A tether forms from the elastic boundary layer near the point of application of the force, for sufficiently large displacement. Analytic results for various aspects of the membrane shape are given.
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