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arXiv 2023年

作者： Rybkin, Alexei Pelinovsky, Efim Bobrovnikov, Oleksandr Palmer, Noah Pniushkova, Ekaterina Abramowicz, Daniel Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Alaska Fairbanks PO Box 756660 FairbanksAK99775 United States HSE University Nizhny Novgorod Russia A.V. Gaponov-Grekhov Institute of Applied Physics Nizhny Novgorod Russia Department of Applied Mathematics University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL United States Department of Mathematics University of San Francisco San FranciscoCA United States

The study of the process of catastrophic tsunami-type waves on the coast makes it possible to determine the destructive force of waves on the coast. In hydrodynamics, the one-dimensional theory of the run-up of non-linear waves on a flat slope has gained great popularity, within which rigorous analytical results have been obtained in the class of non-breaking waves. In general, the result depends on the characteristics of the wave approaching (or generated on) the slope, which is usually not known in the measurements. Here we describe a rigorous method for recovering the initial displacement in a source localised in an inclined power-shaped channel from the characteristics of a moving shoreline. The method uses the generalised Carrier-Greenspan transformation, which allows one-dimensional non-linear shallow-water equations to be reduced to linear ones. The solution is found in terms of Erdélyi-Kober integral operator. Numerical verification of our results is presented for the cases of a parabolic bay and an infinite plane beach. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Terahertz chiral photonic-crystal cavities with broken time-reversal symmetry

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Sanders, Stephen Baydin, Andrey Song, Zhigang Welakuh, Davis M. Alabastri, Alessandro Rokaj, Vasil Dag, Ceren B. Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02139 United States Max Planck Institute for The Structure and Dynamics of Matter Luruper Chaussee 149 Hamburg22761 Germany ITAMP Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Villanova University VillanovaPA19085 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Strong coupling between matter and vacuum electromagnetic fields in a cavity can induce novel quantum phases in thermal equilibrium via symmetry breaking. Particularly, coupling with circularly polarized fields can break time-reversal symmetry, leading to topological modifications in the band structure. Therefore, chiral optical cavities that host chiral vacuum fields are being sought, especially in the terahertz (THz) frequency range, where various large-oscillator-strength resonances exist. Here, we present a novel approach to achieving THz chiral photonic-crystal cavities (PCCs) with high-quality factors (>400) using a magnetoplasma in a lightly doped semiconductor. Numerical simulations of an optimized structure based on InSb in a small perpendicular magnetic field (∼0.2 T) show chiral cavity resonances with near-perfect ellipticity at the surfaces of the central dielectric layer, where one can place atomically thin materials like monolayer graphene. We theoretically estimate an energy gap on the order of 1 meV in graphene when coupled to our proposed chiral cavity, which is potentially measurable in experiments. These THz chiral PCCs offer a promising platform for exploring new phases in cavity-dressed condensed matter with broken time-reversal symmetry. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Crystal symmetry

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Compact and Field Portable Biophotonic Sensors for Automated Cell Identification (Plenary Address)

Compact and Field Portable Biophotonic Sensors for Automated...

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International Conference on Optics and Electro-optics, ICOL 2019

作者： Javidi, Bahram O’Connor, Timothy Anand, Arun Moon, Inkyu Stern, Adrian Martinez-Corral, Manuel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT06269 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT06269 United States Department of Applied Physics M.S. University of Baroda Vadodara390001 India Department of Robotics Engineering DGIST 333 Techno Jungang-daero Daegu42988 Korea Republic of Electro-Optics and Photonics Engineering Ben Gurion University of Negav Beer-Sheva84105 Israel Department of Optics University of Valencia Burjassot46100 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9789811592584

In this Plenary address paper, we overview recently published work for automated cell identification using 3D optical imaging in compact and field portable biophotonic sensors. Digital holographic microscopy systems and lensless pseudorandom phase encoding systems capture 3D information of biological cells and make highly accurate automated cell identification possible. Overviewed systems include sickle cell disease diagnosis based on spatio-temporal cell dynamics in a field-portable 3D-printed shearing digital holography as well as lensless cell identification of both single and multicell samples using pseudorandom phase encoding. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Cells

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Cavity-coupled telecom atomic source in silicon

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Johnston, Adam Felix-Rendon, Ulises Wong, Yu-En Chen, Songtao Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Atomic defects in solid-state materials are promising candidates for quantum interconnect and networking applications. Recently, a series of atomic defects have been identified in the silicon platform, where scalable device integration can be enabled by mature silicon photonics and electronics technologies. In particular, T centers hold great promise due to their telecom band optical transitions and the doublet ground state electronic spin manifold with long coherence times. However, an open challenge for advancing the T center platform is to enhance its weak and slow zero phonon line emission. In this work, we demonstrate the cavity-enhanced fluorescence emission from a single T center. This is realized by integrating single T centers with a low-loss, small mode-volume silicon photonic crystal cavity, which results in an enhancement of the fluorescence decay rate by a factor of F = 6.89. Efficient photon extraction enables the system to achieve an average photon outcoupling rate of 73.3 kHz at the zero phonon line. The dynamics of the coupled system is well modeled by solving the Lindblad master equation. These results represent a significant step towards building efficient T center spin-photon interfaces for quantum information processing and networking applications. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Silicon photonics

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Intelligent sensors based on amorphous nanostructures according to achieve an optimal waste collection in Lima Peru

Intelligent sensors based on amorphous nanostructures accord...

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IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA)

作者： J. Alan Calderón Ch. E. Benjamín Barriga G. Julio C. Tafur Alan Ccarita John Lozano Rodrigo Urbizagástegui Applied Nanophysics Institute for Physics Technical University of Ilmenau Ilmenau Germany Engineering Department Mechatronics Engineering Master Program Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Perú Engineering Department Mechanical Engineering Master Program Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Perú Engineering Department Control Engineering and Automation Master Program Mechatronic Engineering Master Program Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Perú Northen (Artic) Federal University Named After MV Lomonosov Arkhangelsk Russian Federation Engineering Department Engineering Electronic Section Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Perú

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409858

An optimal waste collection is a very complicated task in different countries. However, this task is more intricate, when there is not an organized procedure between people, government and technology. In this research it was studied and proposed strategies, to optimize the waste collection by technical suggestions, that were based on mathematical analysis and new technologies applications of sensors based on nanostructures due to this kind of sensors have good performance to measure physical variables in not simple places and conditions, such as around waste. Hence the reason, this work is prepared to contribute in the development of sensors based on nanostructures according to detect the physical variables: temperature, humidity, infrared reflection, moreover carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) gases, which help to monitor the consequences of a not correct waste *** dependence on central and local government rules of waste management, it could be possible to find solution about organized waste collection, in which every family and walkers in streets would have the task to select the organic and inorganic garbage before the government trucks take the contents of the garbage trash cans to the landfill garbage dumps. However, many times the trash cans are not taken on time by the government trucks and garbage from them are producing gases and decomposition that causes contamination that damages health. Therefore, in this work there are proposed designed intelligent sensors, which are fixed in the trash cans due to measure physical parameters to give alarm for administrators controllers of boxes and to enhance the garbage selections from homes and streets to the main garbage landfills of the city. In other side, there will not be right solution in the waste collection, no matter the high advantage technologies, while humans could not be sensitive under this problematic. There are cleaned areas in cities, as for example touristic places, nevertheless, there

关键词： Temperature sensors Temperature measurement Waste management Gases Temperature dependence Urban areas Nanostructures

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World of Forms: Deformable Geometric Templates for One-Shot Surface Meshing in Coronary CT Angiography

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： van Herten, Rudolf L.M. Lagogiannis, Ioannis Wolterink, Jelmer M. Bruns, Steffen Meulendijks, Eva R. Dey, Damini de Groot, Joris R. Henriques, José P. Planken, R. Nils Saitta, Simone Išgum, Ivana Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics Amsterdam UMC Meibergdreef 9 Amsterdam1105 AZ Netherlands Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Applied Mathematics Technical Medical Centre University of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede7522 NB Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Amsterdam UMC Meibergdreef 9 Amsterdam1105 AZ Netherlands Biomedical Imaging Research Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles United States Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic Rochester United States

Deep learning-based medical image segmentation and surface mesh generation typically involve a sequential pipeline from image to segmentation to meshes, often requiring large training datasets while making limited use of prior geometric knowledge. This may lead to topological inconsistencies and suboptimal performance in low-data regimes. To address these challenges, we propose a data-efficient deep learning method for direct 3D anatomical object surface meshing using geometric priors. Our approach employs a multi-resolution graph neural network that operates on a prior geometric template which is deformed to fit object boundaries of interest. We show how different templates may be used for the different surface meshing targets, and introduce a novel masked autoencoder pretraining strategy for 3D spherical data. The proposed method outperforms nnUNet in a one-shot setting for segmentation of the pericardium, left ventricle (LV) cavity and the LV myocardium. Similarly, the method outperforms other lumen segmentation operating on multi-planar reformatted images. Results further indicate that mesh quality is on par with or improves upon marching cubes post-processing of voxel mask predictions, while remaining flexible in the choice of mesh triangulation prior, thus paving the way for more accurate and topologically consistent 3D medical object surface meshing. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation

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A triboelectric nanogenerator-based tactile sensor array system for monitoring pressure distribution inside prosthetic limb

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Nano Energy 2023年 111卷

作者： Chang, Kuie-Bin Parashar, Parag Shen, Li-Chien Chen, An-Rong Huang, Yan-Tsz Pal, Arnab Lim, Kee-Chin Wei, Po-Han Kao, Fu-Cheng Hu, Jin-Jia Lin, Zong-Hong Department of Mechanical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Material Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan International Intercollegiate PhD Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

In the prosthetic field, quantifying interfacial pressure distribution between the amputee's residual limb and the socket's internal environment is imperative for developing new technologies. However, the commercially available pressure sensors have several disadvantages, namely external power supply requirements, low stability, high cost, and complexities related to integrating the sensor system into prosthetic devices. Herein, we propose a self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based flexible tactile sensor array system to monitor prosthetic socket internal pressure distribution in real-time. The proposed sensor consists of biocompatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer and polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofiber membranes as triboelectric materials. The biodegradable PCL nanofiber membrane, fabricated via a scalable and cost-effective electrospinning process, possesses a high surface area-to-volume ratio, facilitating enhanced charge generation during triboelectrification. The as-fabricated TENG-based tactile sensor is highly stable up to 10,000 cycles. Furthermore, the voltage of the tactile sensor is independent of different temperature and humidity values, demonstrating the stability of the sensor under various environmental conditions. Finally, we successfully integrated the tactile sensor array within a prosthetic device to monitor real-time pressure distribution inside the prosthetic socket during gait simulation. We believe that the proposed novel design provides a new dimension for the rapid development of self-powered, low-cost, and highly stable pressure monitoring systems with considerable potential for commercialization. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Electrospinning

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Development of the Al2o3-B2o3-Sio2 Glass For Thermal Barrier Coating

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Qiu, Jun-Yan Montecillo, Rhys Chen, Pin-Yi Tu, Chi-Shun Chen, Cheng-Sao Feng, Kuei-Chih International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Department of Physics Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City24205 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Hwa Hsia University of Technology New Taipei City23530 Taiwan

The glass coating is an important technique in the aerospace industry as a thermal insulation role to protect the inner layer to form a thermal protection system (TPS) at elevated temperature. The results show an increase of the glass transition temperature (from 650 °C to 750 °C) in B2O3-SiO2 systems with increasing SiO2 content and the devitrification of the α-cristobalite phase. The Al2O3 additive in B2O3-SiO2 glass can increase the glass transition temperature from 750 °C to 1000 °C, and also inhibit the α-cristobalite phase. The transformation from the unstable α-cristobalite phase to the amorphous phase occurs at specimen with 10 wt% Al2O3 addition. Microstructure characterization shows the flat morphology without cracks on the surface. This study demonstrates that the Al2O3- B2O3-SiO2 glass has a thermally stable behavior which can be used as an effective thermal barrier coating at elevated temperature. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Silica

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Functional Connectivity Analysis of Visually Evoked ERPs for Mild Cognitive Impairment: Pilot Study

Functional Connectivity Analysis of Visually Evoked ERPs for...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： M. Antar L. Wang A. Tran A. White P. Williams B. Sylcott J. C. Mizelle S. Kim Biomedical Engineering and Cognitive Neuroscience (BEACON) Laboratory East Carolina University Greenville NC USA College of Engineering and Technology East Carolina University Greenville NC USA Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Kinesiology College of Health and Human Performance East Carolina University Greenville NC USA

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered the early stage of Alzheimer's disease, characterized as mild memory loss. A novel method of functional connectivity (FC) analysis can be used to detect MCI before memory is significantly impaired allowing for preventative measures to be taken. FC examines interactions between EEG channels to grant insight on underlying neural networks and analyze the effects of MCI. Applying FC method of weighted phase lag index (wPLI) to P300 ERPs provided insight on the link between the pathology of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive loss. wPLI was analyzed per frequency band (θ, α, μ, β) and by channel combination groups (intra-hemispheric short, intra-hemispheric long, inter-hemispheric short, inter-hemispheric long, transverse). MCI was found to have a statistically significant lower ΔwPLI P300 compared to normal controls in the μ intra-hemispheric short (p = 0.0286), μ intra-hemispheric long (p = 0.0477), μ inter-hemispheric short (p = 0.0018) and the α intra-hemispheric short (p = 0.0423). Results indicate a possible deficiency in the dorsal visual processing pathway among MCI subjects as well as an unbalanced coordination between the two hemispheres.

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Subdiffusive wave transport and weak localization transition in three-dimensional stealthy hyperuniform disordered systems

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Physical Review B 2022年第6期105卷 064204-064204页

作者： F. Sgrignuoli S. Torquato L. Dal Negro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Photonics Center Boston University 8 Saint Mary's Street Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08540 USA Division of Material Science and Engineering Boston University 15 Saint Mary's Street Brookline Massachusetts 02446 USA Department of Physics Boston University 590 Commonwealth Avenue Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA

The purpose of this work is to understand the fundamental connection between structural correlations and light localization in three-dimensional (3D) open scattering systems of finite size. We numerically investigate the transport of vector electromagnetic waves scattered by resonant electric dipoles spatially arranged in 3D space by stealthy hyperuniform disordered point patterns. Three-dimensional stealthy hyperuniform disordered systems are engineered with different structural correlation properties determined by their degree of stealthiness χ. Such fine control of exotic states of amorphous matter enables the systematic design of optical media that interpolate in a tunable fashion between uncorrelated random structures and crystalline materials. By solving the electromagnetic multiple scattering problem using Green's matrix spectral method, we establish a transport phase diagram that demonstrates a distinctive transition from a diffusive to a weak localization regime beyond a critical scattering density that depends on χ. The transition is characterized by studying the Thouless number and the spectral statistics of the scattering resonances. In particular, by tuning the χ parameter, we demonstrate large spectral gaps and suppressed subradiant proximity resonances, facilitating light localization. Moreover, consistently with previous studies, our results show a region of the transport phase diagram where the investigated scattering systems become transparent. Our work provides a systematic description of the transport and weak localization properties of light in stealthy hyperuniform structures and motivates the engineering of photonic systems with enhanced light-matter interactions for applications to both classical and quantum devices.

关键词： Anderson localization Light-matter interaction Mesoscopics Photonics Scattering theory Weak localization Metamaterials

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