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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Prasad, Ciril S. Everitt, Henry O. Naik, Gururaj V. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States U.S. Army DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory-South HoustonTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

Non-Hermitian optics provides a unique platform to take advantage of absorption losses in materials and control radiative properties. We demonstrate a non-Hermitian metasurface that exhibit directional suppression of thermal radiation while maintaining transmission in mid-infrared. © Optica Publishing Group 2023 © 2023 The Author(s)

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A versatile in situ cofactor enhancing system for meeting cellular demands for engineered metabolic pathways

A versatile in situ cofactor enhancing system for meeting ce...

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作者： Jaroensuk, Juthamas Sutthaphirom, Chalermroj Phonbuppha, Jittima Chinantuya, Wachirawit Kesornpun, Chatchai Akeratchatapan, Nattanon Kittipanukul, Narongyot Phatinuwat, Kamonwan Atichartpongkul, Sopapan Fuangthong, Mayuree Pongtharangkul, Thunyarat Hollmann, Frank Chaiyen, Pimchai Rayong Thailand Faculty of Science Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand Program in Applied Biological Sciences Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Bangkok Thailand Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Science Department of Biotechnology Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand Department of Biotechnology Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands

Cofactor imbalance obstructs the productivities of metabolically engineered cells. Herein, we employed a minimally perturbing system, xylose reductase and lactose (XR/lactose), to increase the levels of a pool of sugar phosphates which are connected to the biosynthesis of NAD(P)H, FAD, FMN, and ATP in Escherichia coli. The XR/lactose system could increase the amounts of the precursors of these cofactors and was tested with three different metabolically engineered cell systems (fatty alcohol biosynthesis, bioluminescence light generation, and alkane biosynthesis) with different cofactor demands. Productivities of these cells were increased 2-4-fold by the XR/lactose system. Untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed different metabolite patterns among these cells, demonstrating that only metabolites involved in relevant cofactor biosynthesis were altered. The results were also confirmed by transcriptomic analysis. Another sugar reducing system (glucose dehydrogenase) could also be used to increase fatty alcohol production but resulted in less yield enhancement than XR. This work demonstrates that the approach of increasing cellular sugar phosphates can be a generic tool to increase in vivo cofactor generation upon cellular demand for synthetic biology. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Biosynthesis

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Quantitative Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Crassphage in a Tropical Urbanized Watershed

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Sresung, Montakarn Srathongneam, Thitima Paisantham, Phongsawat Sukchawalit, Rojana Whangsuk, Wirongrong Honda, Ryo Satayavivad, Jutamaad Mongkolsuk, Skorn Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee Research Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok10210 Thailand Program in Applied Biological Sciences Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok10210 Thailand OPS MHESI Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa University Kanazawa Japan Research Laboratory of Pharmacology Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok10210 Thailand Program in Environmental Toxicology Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok10210 Thailand

As antimicrobial resistance continues to pose a significant threat to global health, this study provided a focused examination of the prevalence and behavior of key antibiotic resistance genes in aquatic environments. We investigated the quantitative distribution of intI1, sul1, blaTEM, blaNDM, blaVIM, mcr-1, tetQ, and crAssphage within wastewater influents (n=12), effluents (n=12) and river water samples (n=12), from three municipal wastewater treatment plants and three river locations in an urbanized watershed in Central Thailand over dry and wet seasons. The qPCR method demonstrated that intI1, sul1, blaTEM, and tetQ were most abundant in all samples (6.12 – 7.89 mean log10copies/100 mL), with all genes consistently uniform levels across diverse locations, suggesting the potential for any site to act as a monitoring sentinel. Although there is a significant reduction of ARG concentrations by WWTPs, the persistence of these genes in effluents points to the limited effectiveness of existing treatment methodologies. Temporal data indicated stable ARG concentrations over time, but tetQ levels rose during the wet season, in alignment with the monsoonal climate in Thailand. Additionally, we identified crAssphage, a marker of human sewage contamination, exhibited strong correlations with the more abundant ARGs, implying that human waste contributes significantly to the environmental burden of ARGs. The results of this research highlight the widespread nature of ARGs in water systems and the need for improved treatment and sanitation strategies to mitigate the public health threat posed by antimicrobial resistance. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Effluents

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A 3D GAN Architecture for Volumetric Synthetic Aperture Sonar

A 3D GAN Architecture for Volumetric Synthetic Aperture Sona...

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OCEANS

作者： Greg D. Vetaw Albert Reed Daniel C. Brown Suren Jayasuriya School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University The Applied Research Laboratory Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University

ISBN: (纸本)9781665427883

Synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) is used extensively in underwater imaging for visualizing the seafloor and objects present on it. However, processing SAS images can be time-consuming and tedious, with machine learning techniques being ineffective due to the lack of available data. In particular, automated target recognition (ATR) with 3D SAS data for machine learning is challenging in many ways due to the complexity with working with 3D volumetric data. Recently, researchers have introduced generative adversarial networks (GANs) to help perform 2D SAS image generation for data augmentation. Following this line of work in this paper, we introduce a 3D-GAN architecture to generate photorealistic 3D SAS data which matches the fidelity of real data. In particular, we discuss novel latent space sampling and normalization to help 3D GANs overcome mode collapse for generating volumetric SAS information. Experimental results are shown on real 3D SAS data, showing the potential of using 3D GANs for dataset augmentation in the future.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Target recognition Image synthesis Sea floor Imaging Data visualization Machine learning

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HOS15 represses flowering by promoting GIGANTEA degradation in response to low temperature in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2023年第4期4卷 225-239页

作者： Gyeongik Ahn Hee Jin Park Song Yi Jeong Gyeong-Im Shin Myung Geun Ji Joon-Yung Cha Jeongsik Kim Min Gab Kim Dae-Jin Yun Woe-Yeon Kim Research Institute of Life Science Institute of Agricultural and Life ScienceGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 Four) Plant Biological Rhythm Research CenterPlant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGraduate School of Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Department of Biological Sciences College of Natural SciencesChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Faculty of Science Education and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science PMBBRCGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Institute of Glocal Disease Control Konkuk UniversitySeoul 05029Republic of Korea Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education(MOE) Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Flowering is the primary stage of the plant developmental transition and is tightly regulated by environmental factors such as light and ***,the mechanisms by which temperature signals are integrated into the photoperiodic flowering pathway are still poorly ***,we demonstrate that HOS15,which is known as a GI transcriptional repressor in the photoperiodic flowering pathway,controls flowering time in response to low ambient *** 16℃,the hos15 mutant exhibits an early flowering phenotype,and HOS15 acts upstream of photoperiodic flowering genes(GI,CO,and FT).GI protein abundance is increased in the hos15 mutant and is insensitive to the proteasome inhibitor ***,the hos15 mutant has a defect in low ambient temperature-mediated GI degradation,and HOS15 interacts with COP1,an E3 ubiquitin ligase for GI *** analyses of the hos15 cop1 double mutant revealed that repression of flowering by HOS15 is dependent on COP1 at 16℃.However,the HOS15-COP1 interaction was attenuated at 16℃,and GI protein abundance was additively increased in the hos15 cop1 double mutant,indicating that HOS15 acts independently of COP1 in GI turnover at low ambient *** study proposes that HOS15 controls GI abundance through multiple modes as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and transcriptional repressor to coordinate appropriate flowering time in response to ambient environmental conditions such as temperature and day length.

关键词： Arabidopsis flowering response low ambient temperature HOS15 GIGANTEA

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Design optimization and performance comparison of three styles of one-dimensional acoustic black hole vibration absorbers

Design optimization and performance comparison of three styl...

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作者： McCormick, Cameron A. Shepherd, Micah R. Graduate Program in Acoustics/Applied Research Lab The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA16802 United States

Structures whose thickness is tapered according to a power law exhibit the ‘acoustic black hole’ (ABH) effect, which can be leveraged for effective vibration reduction without a net increase in weight. However, classic ABH theory is not explicit about the precise topology of the taper, which may have significant practical effects in structures containing ABHs. In this paper, three styles of one-dimensional ABH vibration absorbers are examined, referred to herein as ‘standard symmetric’, ‘standard nonsymmetric’, and ‘double-leaf’. Each style of ABH is embedded in a beam and a multi-objective approach is used to identify the set of ABH designs that optimally minimize the beam's vibration response and its overall mass. Comparison of the results show that each style of ABH has a similar trade-off between the two objectives, but that the choice of style – particularly as regards the application of added damping – can have significant effects on overall performance. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Economic and social effects

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SINR: Deconvolving Circular SAS Images Using Implicit Neural Representations

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Reed, Albert Blanford, Thomas Brown, Daniel C. Jayasuriya, Suren The School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University United States The Applied Research Laboratory United States The Applied Research Laboratory Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University United States The School of Arts Media and Engineering The School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University United States

Circular synthetic aperture sonars (CSAS) capture multiple observations of a scene to reconstruct high-resolution images. We can characterize resolution by modeling CSAS imaging as the convolution between a scene's underlying point scattering distribution and a system-dependent point spread function (PSF). The PSF is a function of the system bandwidth and determines a fixed degree of blurring on reconstructed imagery. In theory, deconvolution overcomes bandwidth limitations by reversing the PSF-induced blur and recovering the scene's scattering distribution. However, deconvolution is an ill-posed inverse problem and sensitive to noise. We propose an optimization method that leverages an implicit neural representation (INR) to deconvolve CSAS images. We highlight the performance of our SAS INR pipeline, which we call SINR, by implementing and comparing to existing deconvolution methods. Additionally, prior SAS deconvolution methods assume a spatially-invariant PSF, which we demonstrate yields subpar performance in practice. We provide theory and methods to account for a spatially-varying CSAS PSF, and demonstrate that doing so enables SINR to achieve superior deconvolution performance on simulated and real acoustic SAS data. We provide code (click here) to encourage reproducibility of research. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Optical transfer function

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Implicit Neural Representations for Deconvolving SAS Images

Implicit Neural Representations for Deconvolving SAS Images

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OCEANS

作者： Albert Reed Thomas Blanford Daniel C. Brown Suren Jayasuriya School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University The Applied Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University

ISBN: (纸本)9781665427883

Synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) image resolution is constrained by waveform bandwidth and array geometry. Specifically, the waveform bandwidth determines a point spread function (PSF) that blurs the locations of point scatterers in the scene. In theory, deconvolving the reconstructed SAS image with the scene PSF restores the original distribution of scatterers and yields sharper reconstructions. However, deconvolution is an ill-posed operation that is highly sensitive to noise. In this work, we leverage implicit neural representations (INRs), shown to be strong priors for the natural image space, to deconvolve SAS images. Importantly, our method does not require training data, as we perform our deconvolution through an analysis-by-synthesis optimization in a self-supervised fashion. We validate our method on simulated SAS data created with a point scattering model and real data captured with an in-air circular SAS. This work is an important first step towards applying neural networks for SAS image deconvolution.

关键词： Deconvolution Oceans Neural networks Training data Scattering Bandwidth Image restoration

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High Throughput qPCR Unveils Shared Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Tropical Wastewater and River Water

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Srathongneam, Thitima Sresung, Montakarn Paisantham, Phongsawat Ruksakul, Pacharaporn Singer, Andrew C. Sukchawalit, Rojana Satayavivad, Jutamaad Mongkolsuk, Skorn Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee Program in Applied Biological Sciences Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok10210 Thailand Research Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok10210 Thailand U.K. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Benson Lane Wallingford United Kingdom OPS MHESI Bangkok Thailand Research Laboratory of Pharmacology Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok10210 Thailand Program in Environmental Toxicology Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok10210 Thailand

The global challenge posed by rising antimicrobial resistance, and the adoption of a One Health approach, has led to the prioritisation of surveillance for antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in various environments. Herein lies an information gap, particularly in the context of Thailand, where there is scarce data on ARG prevalence across diverse environmental matrices and throughout different seasons. This study aimed to fill this void, analysing ARG prevalence by high-throuput qPCR in influent and effluent wastewater and river water. The study reveals a substantial and largely uniform presence of ARGs across all water sample types (87% similarity). Intriguingly, no ARGs were exclusive to specific water types, indicating an extensive circulation of resistance determinants across the aquatic environment. The genes intI1, tnpA, and intI3, part of the integrons and MGEs group, were detected in high abundance in both wastewater and river water samples, suggesting widespread pollution of rivers with wastewater. Additional high-prevalence ARGs across all water types included qepA, aadA2, merA, sul1, qacF/H, sul2, aadB, and ereA. More alarmingly, several ARGs (e.g., blaVIM, intI3, mcr-1, mexB, qepA, vanA, and vanB) showed higher abundance in effluent and river water than in influents, which suggests malfunctioning or inadequate wastewater treatment works and implicates this as a possible mechanism for environmental contamination. Nine genes (i.e., blaCTX-M, blaVIM, emrD, ermX, intI1, mphA, qepA, vanA, and vanB) were recovered in greater abundance during the dry season in river water samples as compared to the wet season, suggesting there are seasonal impacts on the efficacy of wastewater treatment practices and pollution patterns into receiving waters. This study highlights the urgency for more effective measures to reduce antibiotic resistance dissemination in water systems. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Genes

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Non-Hermitian metasurface with non-trivial topology

Non-Hermitian metasurface with non-trivial topology

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CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science, QELS 2022

作者： Prasad, Ciril S. Yang, Frank Li, Weijian Lach, Rosemary Everitt, Henry O. Naik, Gururaj V. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States U.S. Army DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory-South HoustonTX United States

The synergy between topology and non-Hermiticity in photonics holds potential for optical devices that are robust against defects. We demonstrate a non-Hermitian plasmonic-dielectric metasurface in the visible with no... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Topology

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