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Comparison of heavy-ion transport simulations: Collision integral in a box

Physical review C 2018年第3期97卷 034625-034625页

作者： Ying-Xun Zhang Yong-Jia Wang Maria Colonna Pawel danielewicz Akira Ono Manyee Betty Tsang Hermann Wolter Jun Xu Lie-Wen Chen dan Cozma Zhao-Qing Feng Subal das Gupta Natsumi Ikeno Che-Ming Ko Bao-An Li Qing-Feng Li Zhu-Xia Li Swagata Mallik Yasushi Nara Tatsuhiko Ogawa Akira Ohnishi dmytro Oliinychenko Massimo Papa Hannah Petersen Jun Su Taesoo Song Janus Weil Ning Wang Feng-Shou Zhang Zhen Zhang China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China Guangxi Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Nuclear Physics and Technology Guilin 541004 China School of Science Huzhou University Huzhou 313000 China INFN-LNS Laboratori Nazionali del Sud 95123 Catania Italy National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan Faculty of Physics Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich D-85748 Garching Germany Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Department of Physics and Astronomy and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China IFIN-HH 077125 Măgurele-Bucharest Romania Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Physics Department McGill University Montreal H3A 2T8 Canada Department of Life and Environmental Agricultural Sciences Tottori University Tottori 680-8551 Japan Cyclotron Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University-Commerce Commerce Texas 75429-3011 USA Physics Group Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre 1/AF Bidhan Nagar Kolkata 700064 India Akita International University Akita 010-1292 Japan Research Group for Radiation Transport Analysis Japan Atomic Energy Agency Shirakata Tokai Ibaraki 319-1195 Japan Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Ruth-Moufang-Strasse 1 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany Institut für Theoretische Physik Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 35392 Gießen Germany GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstrasse 1 64291 Darmstadt Germany Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun

Simulations by transport codes are indispensable to extract valuable physical information from heavy-ion collisions. In order to understand the origins of discrepancies among different widely used transport codes, we compare 15 such codes under controlled conditions of a system confined to a box with periodic boundary, initialized with Fermi-dirac distributions at saturation density and temperatures of either 0 or 5 MeV. In such calculations, one is able to check separately the different ingredients of a transport code. In this second publication of the code evaluation project, we only consider the two-body collision term; i.e., we perform cascade calculations. When the Pauli blocking is artificially suppressed, the collision rates are found to be consistent for most codes (to within 1% or better) with analytical results, or completely controlled results of a basic cascade code. In orderto reach that goal, it was necessary to eliminate correlations within the same pair of colliding particles that can be present depending on the adopted collision prescription. In calculations with active Pauli blocking, the blocking probability was found to deviate from the expected reference values. The reason is found in substantial phase-space fluctuations and smearing tied to numerical algorithms and model assumptions in the representation of phase space. This results in the reduction of the blocking probability in most transport codes, so that the simulated system gradually evolves away from the Fermi-dirac toward a Boltzmann distribution. Since the numerical fluctuations are weaker in the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck codes, the Fermi-dirac statistics is maintained there for a longer time than in the quantum molecular dynamics codes. As a result of this investigation, we are able to make judgements about the most effective strategies in transport simulations for determining the collision probabilities and the Pauli blocking. Investigation in a similar vein of other ingredients in

关键词： Hard scattering Low & intermediate energy heavy-ion reactions Models & methods for nuclear reactions Particle correlations & fluctuations relativistic heavy-ion collisions

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Erratum: 'Searches for Continuous Gravitational Waves from Nine Young Supernova remnants' (2015, ApJ, 813, 39)

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The Astrophysical Journal 2021年第2期918卷

作者： J. Aasi B. P. Abbott r. Abbott T. Abbott M. r. Abernathy F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams T. Adams P. Addesso r. X. Adhikari V. Adya C. Affeldt M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. d. Aguiar A. Ain P. Ajith A. Alemic B. Allen A. Allocca d. Amariutei S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson K. Arai M. C. Araya C. Arceneaux J. S. Areeda S. Ast S. M. Aston P. Astone P. Aufmuth C. Aulbert B. E. Aylott S. Babak P. T. Baker F. Baldaccini G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer J. C. Barayoga M. Barbet S. Barclay B. C. Barish d. Barker F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos r. Bassiri A. Basti J. C. Batch Th. S. Bauer C. Baune V. Bavigadda B. Behnke M. Bejger C. Belczynski A. S. Bell C. Bell M. Benacquista J. Bergman G. Bergmann C. P. L. Berry d. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser S. Bhagwat r. Bhandare I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley J. Birch S. Biscans M. Bitossi C. Biwer M. A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn L. Blackburn C. d. Blair d. Blair S. Bloemen O. Bock T. P. Bodiya M. Boer G. Bogaert P. Bojtos C. Bond F. Bondu L. Bonelli r. Bonnand r. Bork M. Born V. Boschi Sukanta Bose C. Bradaschia P. r. Brady V. B. Braginsky M. Branchesi J. E. Brau T. Briant d. O. Bridges A. Brillet M. Brinkmann V. Brisson A. F. Brooks d. A. Brown d. d. Brown N. M. Brown S. Buchman A. Buikema T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno d. Buskulic C. Buy L. Cadonati G. Cagnoli J. Calderón Bustillo E. Calloni J. B. Camp K. C. Cannon J. Cao C. d. Capano F. Carbognani S. Caride S. Caudill M. Cavaglià F. Cavalier r. Cavalieri G. Cella C. Cepeda E. Cesarini r. Chakraborty T. Chalermsongsak S. J. Chamberlin S. Chao P. Charlton E. Chassande-Mottin Y. Chen A. Chincarini A. Chiummo H. S. Cho M. Cho J. H. Chow N. Christensen Q. Chu S. Chua S. Chung G. Ciani F. Clara J. A. Clark F. Cleva E. Coccia P.-F. Cohadon A. Colla C. Collette M. Colombini L. Cominsky M. Constancio A. Conte d. Cook T. r. Corbitt N. Cornish A. Corsi C. A. Costa M. W. Coughlin J.-P. Coulon S. Countryman P. Couvares d. M. Coward M. J. Cowart d. C. Coyne r. Coyne K. Craig J. d. E. Crei LIGO California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA Università di Salerno Fisciano I-84084 Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston LA 70754 USA Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA UK Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules (LAPP) Université de Savoie CNRS/IN2P3 F-74941 Annecy-le-Vieux France University of Sannio at Benevento I-82100 Benevento Italy and INFN Sezione di Napoli I-80100 Napoli Italy Experimental Group Albert-Einstein-Institut Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik D-30167 Hannover Germany Nikhef Science Park 1098 XG Amsterdam The Netherlands LIGO Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos SP Brazil Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bangalore 560012 India Syracuse University Syracuse NY 13244 USA Data Analysis Group Albert-Einstein-Institut Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik D-30167 Hannover Germany University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee WI 53201 USA Università di Siena I-53100 Siena Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy The University of Mississippi University MS 38677 USA California State University Fullerton Fullerton CA 92831 USA Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany INFN Sezione di Roma I-00185 Roma Italy University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK Albert-Einstein-Institut Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik D-14476 Golm Germany Montana State University Bozeman MT 59717 USA Università di Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy INFN Sezione di Perugia I-06123 Perugia Italy European Gravitational Observatory (EGO) I-56021 Cascina Pis

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Characteristics of ferroelectric-ferroelastic domains in Néel-type skyrmion host GaV4S8

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Butykai, Ádám Bordács, Sándor Kézsmárki, István Tsurkan, Vladimir Loidl, Alois döring, Jonathan Milde, Peter Kehr, Susanne C. Eng, Lukas M. Department of Physics Budapest University of Technology and Economics and MTA-BME Lendület Magneto-optical Spectroscopy Research Group Budapest1111 Hungary Experimental Physics V Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism University of Augsburg Augsburg86135 Germany Institute of Applied Physics Academy of Sciences of Moldova ChisinauMD2028 Moldova Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität Dresden DresdenD-01062 Germany Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden cfaed Technische Universität Dresden Dresden01062 Germany

GaV4S8 is a multiferroic semiconductor hosting Néel-type magnetic skyrmions dressed with electric polarization. At Ts = 42 K, the compound undergoes a structural phase transition of weakly first-order, from a non-centrosymmetric cubic phase at high temperatures to a polar rhombohedral structure at low temperatures. Below Ts, ferroelectric domains are formed with the electric polarization pointing along any of the four h111i axes. Although in this material the size and the shape of the ferroelectric-ferroelastic domains may act as important limiting factors in the formation of the Néel-type skyrmion lattice emerging below TC=13 K, the characteristics of polar domains in GaV4S8 have not been studied yet. Here, we report on the inspection of the local-scale ferroelectric domain distribution in rhombohedral GaV4S8 using low-temperature piezoresponse force microscopy. We observed mechanically and electrically compatible lamellar domain patterns, where the lamellae are aligned parallel to the (100)-type planes with a typical spacing between 100 nm-1.2 µm. We expect that the control of ferroelectric domain size in polar skyrmion hosts can be exploited for the spatial confinement and manupulation of Néel-type skyrmions. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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Erratum to: Measurements of top-quark pair differential and double-differential cross-sections in the +jets channel with pp collisions at TeV using the ATLAS detector [Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 1028]

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The European Physical Journal C 2020年第11期80卷 1-23页

作者： Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abbott, d. C. Abud, A. Abed Abeling, K. Abhayasinghe, d. K. Abidi, S. H. AbouZeid, O. S. Abraham, N. L. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abulaiti, Y. Acharya, B. S. Achkar, B. Adachi, S. Adam, L. Bourdarios, C. Adam Adamczyk, L. Adamek, L. Adelman, J. Adersberger, M. Adiguzel, A. Adorni, S. Adye, T. Affolder, A. A. Afik, Y. Agapopoulou, C. Agaras, M. N. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A. Ahmadov, F. Ahmed, W. S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Akatsuka, S. Åkesson, T. P. A. Akilli, E. Akimov, A. V. Khoury, K. Al Alberghi, G. L. Albert, J. Verzini, M. J. Alconada Alderweireldt, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I. N. Alexa, C. Alexandre, d. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, A. Alfonsi, F. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Alimonti, G. Alison, J. Alkire, S. P. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B. M. M. Allen, B. W. Allport, P. P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alshehri, A. A. Estevez, M. Alvarez Piqueras, d. Álvarez Alviggi, M. G. Coutinho, Y. Amaral Ambler, A. Ambroz, L. Amelung, C. Amidei, d. Santos, S. P. Amor dos Amoroso, S. Amrouche, C. S. An, F. Anastopoulos, C. Andari, N. Andeen, T. Anders, C. F. Anders, J. K. Andreazza, A. Andrei, V. Anelli, C. r. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A. V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Anthony, M. T. Antonelli, M. Antrim, d. J. A. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Pozo, J. A. Aparisi Bella, L. Aperio Arabidze, G. Araque, J. P. Ferraz, V. Araujo Pereira, r. Araujo Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A. T. H. Arduh, F. A. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Armbruster, A. J. Armstrong, A. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Tame, Z. P. Arrubarrena Artamonov, A. Artoni, G. Artz, S. Asai, S. Asbah, N. Asimakopoulou, E. M. Asquith, L. Assahsah, J. Assamagan, K. Astalos, r. Atkin, r. J. Atkinson, M. Atlay, N. B. Atmani, H. Augsten, K. Avolio, G. Avramidou, r. Ayoub, M. K. Azoulay, A. M. Azuelos, G. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Backes, M. Backman, F. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bahrasemani, H. Bailey, A. J. Bailey, V. r. Baines, J. T. Bajic, M. Bakalis, C. Baker, O. K. Bakker, P. J. Gupta, d. Bakshi Balaji, S. Baldin, E. M. Balek, P. CPPM Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman USA Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst USA INFN Sezione di Pavia Pavia Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Pavia Pavia Italy II. Physikalisches Institut Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Göttingen Germany Department of Physics Royal Holloway University of London Egham UK Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Canada Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Brighton UK Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne USA INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy Department of Physics King’s College London London UK International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Institut für Physik Universität Mainz Mainz Germany LAPP Université Grenoble Alpes Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Kraków Poland Department of Physics Northern Illinois University DeKalb USA Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Munich Germany Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Université de Genève Geneva Switzerland Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot UK Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz USA LAL Université Paris-Sud CNRS/IN2P3 Université Paris-Saclay Orsay France LPC Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 Clermont-Ferrand France Institute

Corrections for five figures and six tables are noted for the paper, which do not affect the conclusions reported.

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ϒ production in p–Pb collisions at s_NN=8.16 TeV

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Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics 2020年 806卷 135486-135486页

作者： Acharya, S. Adamová, d. Adler, A. Adolfsson, J. Aggarwal, M.M. Aglieri rinella, G. Agnello, M. Agrawal, N. Ahammed, Z. Ahmad, S. Ahn, S.U. Akindinov, A. Al-Turany, M. Alam, S.N. Albuquerque, d.S.d. Aleksandrov, d. Alessandro, B. Alfanda, H.M. Alfaro Molina, r. Ali, B. Ali, Y. Alici, A. Alkin, A. Alme, J. Alt, T. Altenkamper, L. Altsybeev, I. Anaam, M.N. Andrei, C. Andreou, d. Andrews, H.A. Andronic, A. Angeletti, M. Anguelov, V. Anson, C. Antičić, T. Antinori, F. Antonioli, P. Anwar, r. Apadula, N. Aphecetche, L. Appelshäuser, H. Arcelli, S. Arnaldi, r. Arratia, M. Arsene, I.C. Arslandok, M. Augustinus, A. Averbeck, r. Aziz, S. Azmi, M.d. Badalà, A. Baek, Y.W. Bagnasco, S. Bai, X. Bailhache, r. Bala, r. Baldisseri, A. Ball, M. Balouza, S. Barbera, r. Barioglio, L. Barnaföldi, G.G. Barnby, L.S. Barret, V. Bartalini, P. Barth, K. Bartsch, E. Baruffaldi, F. Bastid, N. Basu, S. Batigne, G. Batyunya, B. Bauri, d. Bazo Alba, J.L. Bearden, I.G. Bedda, C. Behera, N.K. Belikov, I. Bell Hechavarria, A.d.C. Bellini, F. Bellwied, r. Belyaev, V. Bencedi, G. Beole, S. Bercuci, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berenyi, d. Bertens, r.A. Berzano, d. Besoiu, M.G. Betev, L. Bhasin, A. Bhat, I.r. Bhat, M.A. Bhatt, H. Bhattacharjee, B. Bianchi, A. Bianchi, L. Bianchi, N. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, J. Bilandzic, A. Biro, G. Biswas, r. Biswas, S. Blair, J.T. Blau, d. Blume, C. Boca, G. Bock, F. Bogdanov, A. Boi, S. Boldizsár, L. Bolozdynya, A. Bombara, M. Bonomi, G. Borel, H. Borissov, A. Bossi, H. Botta, E. Bratrud, L. Braun-Munzinger, P. Bregant, M. Broz, M. Brucken, E.J. Bruna, E. Bruno, G.E. Buckland, M.d. Budnikov, d. Buesching, H. Bufalino, S. Bugnon, O. Buhler, P. Buncic, P. Buthelezi, Z. Butt, J.B. Buxton, J.T. Bysiak, S.A. Caffarri, d. Caliva, A. Calvo Villar, E. Camacho, r.S. Camerini, P. Capon, A.A. Carnesecchi, F. Caron, r. Castillo Castellanos, J. Castro, A.J. Casula, E.A.r. Catalano, F. Ceballos Sanchez, C. Chakraborty, P. Chandra, S. Chang, W. Chapeland, S. Chartier, M. Chattopadhyay, S. Chauvin, A. Cheshkov, C. Cheynis, B. Chibante Barros A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation Yerevan Armenia Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev Ukraine Bose Institute Department of Physics Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS) Kolkata India Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk Russian Federation California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo CA United States Central China Normal University Wuhan China Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 Villeurbanne Lyon France Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN) Havana Cuba Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) Mexico City and Mérida Mexico Centro Fermi – Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche “Enrico Fermi' Rome Italy Chicago State University Chicago IL United States China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China Comenius University Bratislava Faculty of Mathematics Physics and Informatics Bratislava Slovakia COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Creighton University Omaha NE United States Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Department of Physics Pusan National University Pusan South Korea Department of Physics Sejong University Seoul South Korea Department of Physics University of California Berkeley CA United States Department of Physics University of Oslo Oslo Norway Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università ‘La Sapienza’ Sezione INFN Rome Italy Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Sezione INFN Cagliari Italy Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Sezione INFN Trieste Italy Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università Sezione INFN Bologna Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università Sezione INFN Catania Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università Sezione I

ϒ production in p–Pb interactions is studied at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon collision sNN=8.16 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CErN LHC. The measurement is performed reconstructing bottomonium r...

ϒ production in p–Pb interactions is studied at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon collision s_NN=8.16 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CErN LHC. The measurement is performed reconstructing bottomonium resonances via their dimuon decay channel, in the centre-of-mass rapidity intervals 2.03cms<3.53 and −4.46cms<−2.96, down to zero transverse momentum. In this work, results on the ϒ(1S) production cross section as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum are presented. The corresponding nuclear modification factor shows a suppression of the ϒ(1S) yields with respect to pp collisions, both at forward and backward rapidity. This suppression is stronger in the low transverse momentum region and shows no significant dependence on the centrality of the interactions. Furthermore, the ϒ(2S) nuclear modification factor is evaluated, suggesting a suppression similar to that of the ϒ(1S). A first measurement of the ϒ(3S) has also been performed. Finally, results are compared with previous ALICE measurements in p–Pb collisions at s_NN=5.02 TeV and with theoretical calculations. © 2020 European Organization for Nuclear research

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Inclusive heavy-flavour production at central and forward rapidity in Xe-Xe collisions at √sNN = 5.44 TeV

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Acharya, S. Adamová, d. Adler, A. Adolfsson, J. Aglieri rinella, G. Agnello, M. Agrawal, N. Ahammed, Z. Ahmad, S. Ahn, S.U. Akbar, Z. Akindinov, A. Al-Turany, M. Albuquerque, d.S.d. Aleksandrov, d. Alessandro, B. Alfanda, H.M. Alfaro Molina, r. Ali, B. Ali, Y. Alici, A. Alizadehvandchali, N. Alkin, A. Alme, J. Alt, T. Altenkamper, L. Altsybeev, I. Anaam, M.N. Andrei, C. Andreou, d. Andronic, A. Angeletti, M. Anguelov, V. Antičić, T. Antinori, F. Antonioli, P. Apadula, N. Aphecetche, L. Appelshäuser, H. Arcelli, S. Arnaldi, r. Arratia, M. Arsene, I.C. Arslandok, M. Augustinus, A. Averbeck, r. Aziz, S. Azmi, M.d. Badalà, A. Baek, Y.W. Bai, X. Bailhache, r. Bala, r. Balbino, A. Baldisseri, A. Ball, M. Banerjee, d. Barbera, r. Barioglio, L. Barlou, M. Barnaföldi, G.G. Barnby, L.S. Barret, V. Bartels, C. Barth, K. Bartsch, E. Baruffaldi, F. Bastid, N. Basu, S. Batigne, G. Batyunya, B. Bauri, d. Bazo Alba, J.L. Bearden, I.G. Beattie, C. Belikov, I. Bell Hechavarria, A.d.C. Bellini, F. Bellwied, r. Belokurova, S. Belyaev, V. Bencedi, G. Beole, S. Bercuci, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikova, A. Berenyi, d. Bergmann, L. Besoiu, M.G. Betev, L. Bhaduri, P.P. Bhasin, A. Bhat, I.r. Bhat, M.A. Bhattacharjee, B. Bhattacharya, P. Bianchi, A. Bianchi, L. Bianchi, N. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, J. Bilandzic, A. Biro, G. Biswas, S. Blair, J.T. Blau, d. Blidaru, M.B. Blume, C. Boca, G. Bock, F. Bogdanov, A. Boi, S. Bok, J. Boldizsár, L. Bolozdynya, A. Bombara, M. Bonomi, G. Borel, H. Borissov, A. Bossi, H. Botta, E. Bratrud, L. Braun-Munzinger, P. Bregant, M. Broz, M. Bruno, G.E. Buckland, M.d. Budnikov, d. Buesching, H. Bufalino, S. Bugnon, O. Buhler, P. Buncic, P. Buthelezi, Z. Butt, J.B. Bysiak, S.A. Caffarri, d. Caliva, A. Calvo Villar, E. Camacho, J.M.M. Camacho, r.S. Camerini, P. Canedo, F.d.M. Capon, A.A. Carnesecchi, F. Caron, r. Castillo Castellanos, J. Casula, E.A.r. Catalano, F. Ceballos Sanchez, C. Chakraborty, P. Chandra, S. Bologna Italy Dipartimento DET del Politecnico di Torino Turin Italy M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow Russia Institute of Theoretical Physics University of Wroclaw Poland Foundation Yerevan Armenia AGH University of Science and Technology Cracow Poland Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev Ukraine Kolkata India Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk Russia California Polytechnic State University San Luis ObispoCA United States Central China Normal University Wuhan China Havana Cuba Mexico City and Mérida Mexico Chicago State University ChicagoIL United States China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China Chungbuk National University Cheongju Korea Republic of Comenius University Bratislava Faculty of Mathematics Physics and Informatics Bratislava Slovakia COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Creighton University OmahaNE United States Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Department of Physics Pusan National University Pusan Korea Republic of Department of Physics Sejong University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA United States Department of Physics University of Oslo Oslo Norway Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Dipartimento di Fisica Università'La Sapienza' Sezione INFN Rome Italy Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Sezione INFN Cagliari Italy Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Sezione INFN Trieste Italy Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università Sezione INFN Bologna Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università Sezione INFN Catania Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università Sezione INFN Padova Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Nucleare e Teorica Università di Pavia Sezione INF

The first measurements of the production of muons and electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in Xe-Xe collisions at √sNN = 5.44 TeV, using the ALICE detector at the LHC, are reported. The measurement of the nuclear modification factor rAA is performed as a function of transverse momentum pT in several centrality classes at forward rapidity (2.5 AA of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays is compared to previous measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV. When the nuclear modification factors are compared in the centrality classes 0-10% for Xe-Xe collisions and 10-20% for Pb-Pb collisions, which have similar charged-particle multiplicity density, a similar suppression, with rAA ∼ 0.4 in the pT interval 4 T AA values in the two collision systems brings new insights on the properties of the quark-gluon plasma by investigating the system-size and geometry dependence of medium-induced parton energy loss. The results of muons and electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays provide new constraints to model calculations. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Binary alloys

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Measurement of isolated photon-hadron correlations in √sNN = 5.02 TeV pp and p-Pb collisions

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Acharya, S. Adamová, d. Adler, A. Adolfsson, J. Aglieri rinella, G. Agnello, M. Agrawal, N. Ahammed, Z. Ahmad, S. Ahn, S.U. Ahuja, I. Akbar, Z. Akindinov, A. Al-Turany, M. Alam, S.N. Aleksandrov, d. Alessandro, B. Alfanda, H.M. Alfaro Molina, r. Ali, B. Ali, Y. Alici, A. Alizadehvandchali, N. Alkin, A. Alme, J. Alt, T. Altenkamper, L. Altsybeev, I. Anaam, M.N. Andrei, C. Andreou, d. Andronic, A. Angeletti, M. Anguelov, V. Antinori, F. Antonioli, P. Anuj, C. Apadula, N. Aphecetche, L. Appelshäuser, H. Arcelli, S. Arnaldi, r. Arsene, I.C. Arslandok, M. Augustinus, A. Averbeck, r. Aziz, S. Azmi, M.d. Badalà, A. Baek, Y.W. Bai, X. Bailhache, r. Bailung, Y. Bala, r. Balbino, A. Baldisseri, A. Balis, B. Ball, M. Banerjee, d. Barbera, r. Barioglio, L. Barlou, M. Barnaföldi, G.G. Barnby, L.S. Barret, V. Bartels, C. Barth, K. Bartsch, E. Baruffaldi, F. Bastid, N. Basu, S. Batigne, G. Batyunya, B. Bauri, d. Bazo Alba, J.L. Bearden, I.G. Beattie, C. Belikov, I. Bell Hechavarria, A.d.C. Bellini, F. Bellwied, r. Belokurova, S. Belyaev, V. Bencedi, G. Beole, S. Bercuci, A. Berdnikov, Y. Berdnikova, A. Berenyi, d. Bergmann, L. Besoiu, M.G. Betev, L. Bhaduri, P.P. Bhasin, A. Bhat, I.r. Bhat, M.A. Bhattacharjee, B. Bhattacharya, P. Bianchi, L. Bianchi, N. Bielčík, J. Bielčíková, J. Biernat, J. Bilandzic, A. Biro, G. Biswas, S. Blair, J.T. Blau, d. Blidaru, M.B. Blume, C. Boca, G. Bock, F. Bogdanov, A. Boi, S. Bok, J. Boldizsár, L. Bolozdynya, A. Bombara, M. Bond, P.M. Bonomi, G. Borel, H. Borissov, A. Bossi, H. Botta, E. Bratrud, L. Braun-Munzinger, P. Bregant, M. Broz, M. Bruno, G.E. Buckland, M.d. Budnikov, d. Buesching, H. Bufalino, S. Bugnon, O. Buhler, P. Buthelezi, Z. Butt, J.B. Bysiak, S.A. Caffarri, d. Cai, M. Caines, H. Caliva, A. Calvo Villar, E. Camacho, J.M.M. Camacho, r.S. Camerini, P. Canedo, F.d.M. Carnesecchi, F. Caron, r. Castillo Castellanos, J. Casula, E.A.r. Catalano, F. Bologna Italy Dipartimento DET del Politecnico di Torino Turin Italy M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow Russia Institute of Theoretical Physics University of Wroclaw Poland Foundation Yerevan Armenia AGH University of Science and Technology Cracow Poland Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev Ukraine Kolkata India Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk Russia California Polytechnic State University San Luis ObispoCA United States Central China Normal University Wuhan China Havana Cuba Mexico City and Mérida Mexico Chicago State University ChicagoIL United States China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China Chungbuk National University Cheongju Korea Republic of Comenius University Bratislava Faculty of Mathematics Physics and Informatics Bratislava Slovakia COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Creighton University OmahaNE United States Department of Physics Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Department of Physics Pusan National University Pusan Korea Republic of Department of Physics Sejong University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA United States Department of Physics University of Oslo Oslo Norway Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Dipartimento di Fisica Università'La Sapienza' Sezione INFN Rome Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università and Sezione INFN Cagliari Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università and Sezione INFN Trieste Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università and Sezione INFN Turin Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Università and Sezione INFN Bologna Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Università and Sezione INFN Catania Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Università and Sezione INFN Padova Italy Dipartimento di Fisica e Nucleare e Teorica Università di Pavia Pavia Italy Dipa

关键词： Photons

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Observation of VVZ production at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics 2025年 866卷

作者： Aad, G. Aakvaag, E. Abbott, B. Abdelhameed, S. Abeling, K. Abicht, N.J. Abidi, S.H. Aboelela, M. Aboulhorma, A. Abramowicz, H. Abulaiti, Y. Acharya, B.S. Ackermann, A. Adam Bourdarios, C. Adamczyk, L. Addepalli, S.V. Addison, M.J. Adelman, J. Adiguzel, A. Adye, T. Affolder, A.A. Afik, Y. Agaras, M.N. Aggarwal, A. Agheorghiesei, C. Ahmadov, F. Ahuja, S. Ai, X. Aielli, G. Aikot, A. Ait Tamlihat, M. Aitbenchikh, B. Akbiyik, M. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimov, A.V. Akiyama, d. Akolkar, N.N. Aktas, S. Alberghi, G.L. Albert, J. Albicocco, P. Albouy, G.L. Alderweireldt, S. Alegria, Z.L. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexopoulos, T. Alfonsi, F. Algren, M. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Ali, H.M.J. Ali, S. Alibocus, S.W. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alkakhi, W. Allaire, C. Allbrooke, B.M.M. Allen, J.S. Allen, J.F. Allport, P.P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alsolami, Z.M.K. Alvarez Fernandez, A. Alves Cardoso, M. Alviggi, M.G. Aly, M. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Ambler, A. Amelung, C. Amerl, M. Ames, C.G. Amidei, d. Amini, B. Amirie, K. Amirkhanov, A. Amor dos Santos, S.P. Amos, K.r. Amperiadou, d. An, S. Ananiev, V. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, J.K. Anderson, A.C. Andreazza, A. Angelidakis, S. Angerami, A. Anisenkov, A.V. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Antipov, E. Antonelli, M. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aoki, T. Aparo, M.A. Aperio Bella, L. Appelt, C. Apyan, A. Arbiol Val, S.J. Arcangeletti, C. Arce, A.T.H. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arling, J.-H. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Artoni, G. Asada, H. Asai, K. Asai, S. Asbah, N.A. Ashby Pickering, r.A. Aslam, A.M. Assamagan, K. Astalos, r. Astrand, K.S.V. Atashi, S. Atkin, r.J. Atmani, H. Atmasiddha, P.A. Augsten, K. Auriol, A.d. Austrup, V.A. Avolio, G. Axiotis, K. Azuelos, G. Babal, d. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Bachiu, A. Bachmann, E. Backes, M.J. Badea, A. Baer, T.M. Bagnaia, P. Bahmani, M. Bahner, d. Bai, K. Baines, J.T. Baines, L. Baker, O.K. Bakos, E. Bakshi Gupta, d. Balabram Filho, L.E. Balakrishnan, V. Balasubramanian, r. Baldin, E.M. Balek, P. Ballabene, E. Balli, F. Baltes, L.M. Balunas, W.K. Bal Department of Physics University of Adelaide Adelaide Australia Department of Physics University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Department of Physics Ankara University Ankara Turkey Division of Physics TOBB University of Economics and Technology Ankara Turkey LAPP Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France APC Université Paris Cité CNRS/IN2P3 Paris France High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL United States Department of Physics University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX United States Physics Department National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Physics Department National Technical University of Athens Zografou Greece Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan Institut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Barcelona Spain Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Physics Department Tsinghua University Beijing China Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA United States University of California Berkeley CA United States Institut für Physik Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Albert Einstein Center for Fundamental Physics Laboratory for High Energy Physics University of Bern Bern Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Department of Physics Engineering Gaziantep University Gaziantep Turkey Department of Physics Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey Facultad de Ciencias y Centro de Investigaciónes Universidad Antonio Nariño Bogotá Colombia Departamento d

A search for the production of three massive vector bosons, VVZ(V=W,Z), in proton–proton collisions at s=13 TeV is performed using data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1 recorded by the ATLAS detector at the ...

A search for the production of three massive vector bosons, VVZ(V=W,Z), in proton–proton collisions at s=13 TeV is performed using data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹ recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events produced in the leptonic final states WWZ→ℓνℓνℓℓ (ℓ=e,μ), WZZ→ℓνℓℓℓℓ, ZZZ→ℓℓℓℓℓℓ, and the semileptonic final states WWZ→qqℓνℓℓ and WZZ→ℓνqqℓℓ, are analysed. The measured cross section for the pp→VVZ process is 660₋₉₀⁺⁹³(stat.)₋₈₁⁺⁸⁸(syst.) fb, and the observed (expected) significance is 6.4 (4.7) standard deviations, representing the observation of VVZ production. In addition, the measured cross section for the pp→WWZ process is 442±94(stat.)₋₅₂⁺⁶⁰(syst.) fb, and the observed (expected) significance is 4.4 (3.6) standard deviations, representing evidence of WWZ production. The measured cross sections are consistent with the Standard Model predictions. Constraints on physics beyond the Standard Model are also derived in the effective field theory framework by setting limits on Wilson coefficients for dimension-8 operators describing anomalous quartic gauge boson couplings. © 2025 CErN for the benefit of the ATLAS Collaboration

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GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of 150 M⊙

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Physical review Letters 2020年第10期125卷 101102-101102页

作者： r. Abbott T. d. Abbott S. Abraham F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams r. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. d. Aguiar A. Aich L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith S. Akcay G. Allen A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi S. Antier S. Appert K. Arai M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun Y. Asali S. Ascenzi G. Ashton S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin P. Aufmuth K. AultONeal C. Austin V. Avendano S. Babak P. Bacon F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader S. Bae A. M. Baer J. Baird F. Baldaccini G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Bals A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri d. Bankar r. S. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish d. Barker K. Barkett P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia d. Barta J. Bartlett I. Bartos r. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley M. Bazzan B. Bécsy M. Bejger I. Belahcene A. S. Bell d. Beniwal M. G. Benjamin J. d. Bentley F. Bergamin B. K. Berger G. Bergmann S. Bernuzzi C. P. L. Berry d. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser r. Bhandare A. V. Bhandari J. Bidler E. Biggs I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley r. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht G. Bissenbayeva M. Bitossi M. A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn J. Blackman C. d. Blair d. G. Blair r. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer Y. Boetzel G. Bogaert F. Bondu E. Bonilla r. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom r. Bork V. Boschi S. Bose V. Bossilkov J. Bosveld Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. r. Brady A. Bramley M. Branchesi J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs F. Brighenti A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks d. d. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno r. Bruntz A. Buikema T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno r. Buscicchio d. Buskulic r. L. Byer M. Cabero L. Cadonati G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane J. Calderón Bustillo J. d. Callaghan T. A. Callister E. Calloni J. B. Camp M. Canepa K. C. Cannon H. Cao J. Cao G. Carapella F. Carbognani S. Caride M. F. Carney G. Carullo J. Casanueva diaz C. Casentini J. Castañ LIGO California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Brownsville Texas 78520 USA Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) I-67100 L’Aquila Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso I-67100 Assergi Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India NCSA University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Laboratoire des Matériaux Avancés (LMA) IP2I—UMR 5822 CNRS Université de Lyon F-69622 Villeurbanne France University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA SUPA University of Strathclyde Glasgow G1 1XQ United Kingdom Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica Università di Udine I-33100 Udine Italy INFN Sezione di Trieste I-34127 Trieste Italy APC AstroP

On May 21, 2019 at 03:02:29 UTC Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo observed a short duration gravitational-wave signal, GW190521, with a three-detector network signal-to-noise ratio of 14.7, and an estimated false-alarm rate of 1 in 4900 yr using a search sensitive to generic transients. If GW190521 is from a quasicircular binary inspiral, then the detected signal is consistent with the merger of two black holes with masses of 85−14+21 M⊙ and 66−18+17 M⊙ (90% credible intervals). We infer that the primary black hole mass lies within the gap produced by (pulsational) pair-instability supernova processes, with only a 0.32% probability of being below 65 M⊙. We calculate the mass of the remnant to be 142−16+28 M⊙, which can be considered an intermediate mass black hole (IMBH). The luminosity distance of the source is 5.3−2.6+2.4 Gpc, corresponding to a redshift of 0.82−0.34+0.28. The inferred rate of mergers similar to GW190521 is 0.13−0.11+0.30 Gpc−3 yr−1.

关键词： Experimental studies of gravity General relativity Gravitational waves

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Comparison of Polarized radiative Transfer Codes Used by the EHT Collaboration

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The Astrophysical Journal 2023年第1期950卷 35-35页

作者： Ben S. Prather Jason dexter Monika Moscibrodzka Hung-Yi Pu Thomas Bronzwaer Jordy davelaar Ziri Younsi Charles F. Gammie roman Gold George N. Wong Kazunori Akiyama Antxon Alberdi Walter Alef Juan Carlos Algaba richard Anantua Keiichi Asada rebecca Azulay Uwe Bach Anne-Kathrin Baczko david Ball Mislav Baloković John Barrett Michi Bauböck Bradford A. Benson dan Bintley Lindy Blackburn raymond Blundell Katherine L. Bouman Geoffrey C. Bower Hope Boyce Michael Bremer Christiaan d. Brinkerink roger Brissenden Silke Britzen Avery E. Broderick dominique Broguiere Sandra Bustamante do-Young Byun John E. Carlstrom Chiara Ceccobello Andrew Chael Chi-kwan Chan dominic O. Chang Koushik Chatterjee Shami Chatterjee Ming-Tang Chen Yongjun Chen Xiaopeng Cheng Ilje Cho Pierre Christian Nicholas S. Conroy John E. Conway James M. Cordes Thomas M. Crawford Geoffrey B. Crew Alejandro Cruz-Osorio Yuzhu Cui Mariafelicia de Laurentis roger deane Jessica dempsey Gregory desvignes Vedant dhruv Sheperd S. doeleman Sean dougal Sergio A. dzib ralph P. Eatough razieh Emami Heino Falcke Joseph Farah Vincent L. Fish Ed Fomalont H. Alyson Ford raquel Fraga-Encinas William T. Freeman Per Friberg Christian M. Fromm Antonio Fuentes Peter Galison roberto García Olivier Gentaz Boris Georgiev Ciriaco Goddi Arturo I. Gómez-ruiz José L. Gómez Minfeng Gu Mark Gurwell Kazuhiro Hada daryl Haggard Kari Haworth Michael H. Hecht ronald Hesper dirk Heumann Luis C. Ho Paul Ho Mareki Honma Chih-Wei L. Huang Lei Huang david H. Hughes Shiro Ikeda C. M. Violette Impellizzeri Makoto Inoue Sara Issaoun david J. James Buell T. Jannuzi Michael Janssen Britton Jeter Wu Jiang Alejandra Jiménez-rosales Michael d. Johnson Svetlana Jorstad Abhishek V. Joshi Taehyun Jung Mansour Karami ramesh Karuppusamy Tomohisa Kawashima Garrett K. Keating Mark Kettenis dong-Jin Kim Jae-Young Kim Jongsoo Kim Junhan Kim Motoki Kino Jun Yi Koay Prashant Kocherlakota Yutaro Kofuji Shoko Koyama Carsten Kramer Michael Kramer Thomas P. Krichbaum Cheng-Yu Kuo Noemi La Bella Tod r. Lauer daeyoung L CCS-2 Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663 Los Alamos NM 87545 USA bprather@lanl.gov JILA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec.4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Center of Astronomy and Gravitation National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec. 4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Astronomy and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University 550 W. 120th Street New York NY 10027 USA Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10010 USA Department of Astrophysics Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College London Holmbury St. Mary Dorking Surrey RH5 6NT UK Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany Department of Physics University of Illinois 1110 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1002 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA NCSA University of Illinois 1205 W. Clark Street Urbana IL 61801 USA CP3-Origins University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 DK-5230 Odense M Denmark School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study 1 Einstein Drive Princeton NJ 08540 USA Princeton Gravity Initiative Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road Westford MA 01886 USA National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osaw

Interpretation of resolved polarized images of black holes by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) requires predictions of the polarized emission observable by an Earth-based instrument for a particular model of the black hole accretion system. Such predictions are generated by general relativistic radiative transfer (GrrT) codes, which integrate the equations of polarized radiative transfer in curved spacetime. A selection of ray-tracing GrrT codes used within the EHT Collaboration is evaluated for accuracy and consistency in producing a selection of test images, demonstrating that the various methods and implementations of radiative transfer calculations are highly consistent. When imaging an analytic accretion model, we find that all codes produce images similar within a pixel-wise normalized mean squared error (NMSE) of 0.012 in the worst case. When imaging a snapshot from a cell-based magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we find all test images to be similar within NMSEs of 0.02, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.12 in Stokes I, Q, U, and V, respectively. We additionally find the values of several image metrics relevant to published EHT results to be in agreement to much better precision than measurement uncertainties.

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