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The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels (vol 400, pg 1619, 2022)

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LANCET 2022年第10365期400卷 1766-1766页

作者： Romanello, M. Di Napoli, C. Drummond, P. Institute for Global Health University College London London UK School of Agriculture Policy and Development University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Sustainable Resources University College London London UK Department of Global Health Centre for Health and the Global Environment University of Washington Seattle WA USA UCL Energy Institute University College London London UK Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College London London UK School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK School of Population Health University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change Berlin Germany Department of Environment Climate Change and Health World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Institute of Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit Department of Public Health & Primary Care University of Cambridge Cambridge UK School of Government University of Birmingham Birmingham UK Economic Analysis of Climate Impacts and Policy Division Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici Venice Italy Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering University College London London UK Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich London UK Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Yale Center on Climate Change and Health Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern University Boston MA USA Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA Department of Geography University College London London UK NU

With advancements in the science of detection and attribution studies, the influence of climate change over many events has now been quantified. Because of the rapidly increasing temperatures, vulnerable populations (adults older than 65 years, and children younger than one year of age) were exposed to 3·7 billion more heatwave days in 2021 than annually in 1986–2005 (indicator 1.1.2), and heat-related deaths increased by 68% between 2000–04 and 2017–21 (indicator 1.1.5), a death toll that was significantly exacerbated by the confluence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the local cooling and overall health benefits of urban greenspaces, only 277 (27%) of 1038 global urban centres were at least moderately green in 2021 (indicator 2.2.3), and the number of households with air conditioning increased by 66% from 2000 to 2020, a maladaptive response that worsens the energy crisis and further increases urban heat, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. [...]millions of people do not have access to the energy needed to keep their homes at healthy temperatures, preserve food and medication, and meet the seventh Sustainable Development Goal (to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all). Aggravating this situation even further, governments continue to incentivise fossil fuel production and consumption: 69 (80%) of 86 countries reviewed had net-negative carbon prices (ie, provided a net subsidy to fossil fuels) for a net total of US$400 billion

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Evaluation and Performance Modeling of a Burst Buffer Solution

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Operating Systems Review (ACM) 2017年第2期50卷 12-26页

作者： Schenck, Wolfram El Sayed, Salem Foszczynski, MacIej Homberg, Wilhelm Pleiter, Dirk Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences Bielefeld Germany Jülich Supercomputing Centre Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany

Hierarchical storage architectures are required to meet both, capacity and bandwidth requirements for future high-end storage architectures. In this paper we present the results of an evaluation of an emerging technology, DataDirect Networks' (DDN) Infinite Memory Engine (IME). IME allows to realize a fast buffer in front of a large capacity storage system. We collected benchmarking data with IOR and with the HPC application NEST. The IOR bandwidth results show how well network bandwidth towards such fast buffer can be exploited compared to the external storage system. The NEST benchmarks clearly demonstrate that IME can reduce I/O-induced load imbalance between MPI ranks to a minimum while speeding up I/O as a whole by a considerable factor. In addition to these direct measurements, a performance model for NEST is developed. In combination with a generic and abstract burst buffer architecture, this model generates predictions about appropriate burst buffer and I/O parameters to achieve specific performance goals for NEST on HPC clusters of varying size. Specifically, it is investigated in which parameter range burst buffers are able to counteract the widening performance gap between compute and I/O. © 2017 Authors.

关键词： Engines

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Predictions for the Dynamical States of the Didymos System before and after the Planned DART Impact

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Richardson, Derek C. Agrusa, Harrison F. Barbee, Brent Bottke, William F. Cheng, Andrew F. Eggl, Siegfried Ferrari, Fabio Hirabayashi, Masatoshi Karatekin, Özgür McMahon, Jay Schwartz, Stephen R. Ballouz, Ronald-Louis Bagatin, Adriano Campo Dotto, Elisabetta Fahnestock, Eugene G. Fuentes-Muñoz, Oscar Gkolias, Ioannis Hamilton, Douglas P. Jacobson, Seth A. Jutzi, Martin Lyzhoft, Josh Makadia, Rahil Meyer, Alex J. Michel, Patrick Nakano, Ryota Noiset, Guillaume Raducan, Sabina D. Rambaux, Nicolas Rossi, Alessandro Sánchez, Paul Scheeres, Daniel J. Soldini, Stefania Stickle, Angela M. Tanga, Paolo Tsiganis, Kleomenis Zhang, Yun Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Southwest Research Institute BoulderCO80302 United States Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMD20723 United States Department of Aerospace Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States IMCCE Paris Observatory 77 Avenue Denfert-Rochereau Paris75014 France Space Research and Planetary Sciences Physics Institute University of Bern Bern3012 Switzerland Department of Aerospace Engineering/Geosciences Auburn University AuburnAL36849 United States Royal Observatory of Belgium 3 Avenue Circulaire Brussels1180 Belgium Smead Department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences University of Colorado Boulder 3775 Discovery Dr BoulderCO80303 United States Planetary Science Institute TucsonAZ85719 United States Lunar & Planetary Laboratory University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States IUFACyT—DFISTS Universidad de Alicante P.O. Box 99 Alicante03080 Spain INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Monte Porzio Catone Rome00078 Italy Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91109 United States Department of Physics Aristotle University of Thessaloniki ThessalonikiGR 54124 Greece Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Université Côte d’Azur Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur CNRS Laboratoire Lagrange Nice06304 France Department of Aerospace Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849 United States Sesto Fiorentino50019 Italy Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research University of Colorado Boulder 3775 Discovery Drive BoulderCO80303 United States Department of Mechanical Materials and Aerospace Engineering University of Liv

NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) spacecraft is planned to impact the natural satellite of (65803) Didymos, Dimorphos, at around 23:14 UTC on 2022 September 26, causing a reduction in its orbital period that will be measurable with ground-based observations. This test of kinetic impactor technology will provide the first estimate of the momentum transfer enhancement factor β at a realistic scale, wherein the ejecta from the impact provide an additional deflection to the target. Earth-based observations, the LICIACube spacecraft (to be detached from DART prior to impact), and ESA’s follow-up Hera mission, to launch in 2024, will provide additional characterizations of the deflection test. Together, Hera and DART comprise the Asteroid Impact and Deflection Assessment cooperation between NASA and ESA. Here, the predicted dynamical states of the binary system upon arrival and after impact are presented. The assumed dynamically relaxed state of the system will be excited by the impact, leading to an increase in eccentricity and a slight tilt of the orbit, together with enhanced libration of Dimorphos, with the amplitude dependent on the currently poorly known target shape. Free rotation around the moon’s long axis may also be triggered, and the orbital period will experience variations from seconds to minutes over timescales of days to months. Shape change of either body, due to cratering or mass wasting triggered by crater formation and ejecta, may affect β, but can be constrained through additional measurements. Both BYORP and gravity tides may cause measurable orbital changes on the timescale of Hera’s rendezvous. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Asteroids

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Cardiac computational modelling

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Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.) 2021年第1期74卷 65-71页

作者： Jean R Bragard Oscar Camara Blas Echebarria Luca Gerardo Giorda Esther Pueyo Javier Saiz Rafael Sebastián Eduardo Soudah Mariano Vázquez Grupo de Biofísica (BIOFIS) Departamento de Física y Matemática Aplicada Universidad de Navarra Pamplona Navarra Spain. Sensing in Physiology and Biomedicine (PhySense) Department of Information and Communication Technologies Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain. Grupo de Biología Computacional y Sistemas Complejos (BIOCOM-SC) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain. Basque Center for Applied Mathematics (BCAM) Bilbao Vizcaya Spain. Biomedical Signal Interpretation and Computational Simulation (BSICoS) Universidad de Zaragoza CIBER-BBN Zaragoza Spain. Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería (Ci2B) Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain. Electronic address: jsaiz@ci2b.upv.es. Computational Multiscale Simulation Lab (CoMMLab) Universitat de València Burjassot Valencia Spain. International Centre for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain. Barcelona Supercomputing Center & ELEM Biotech Barcelona Spain.

Cardiovascular diseases currently have a major social and economic impact, constituting one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Personalized computational models of the heart are demonstrating their usefulness both to help understand the mechanisms underlying cardiac disease, and to optimize their treatment and predict the patient's response. Within this framework, the Spanish Research Network for Cardiac Computational Modelling (VHeart-SN) has been launched. The general objective of the VHeart-SN network is the development of an integrated, modular and multiscale multiphysical computational model of the heart. This general objective is addressed through the following specific objectives: a) to integrate the different numerical methods and models taking into account the specificity of patients; b) to assist in advancing knowledge of the mechanisms associated with cardiac and vascular diseases; and c) to support the application of different personalized therapies. This article presents the current state of cardiac computational modelling and different scientific works conducted by the members of the network to gain greater understanding of the characteristics and usefulness of these models.

关键词： Cardiac models Cardiovascular models Modelos cardiacos Modelos cardiovasculares Modelos específicos de paciente Modelos multiescala Multiscale modelling Patient-specific models

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How bacterial cells and colonies move on solid substrates

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Physical Review E 2019年第4期99卷 042419-042419页

作者： Wolfram Pönisch Christoph A. Weber Vasily Zaburdaev Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems 01187 Dresden Germany MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology University College London London WC1E 6BT United Kingdom Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA Institute of Supercomputing Technologies Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod 603140 Russia Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg 91058 Erlangen Germany

Many bacteria rely on active cell appendages, such as type IV pili, to move over substrates and interact with neighboring cells. Here, we study the motion of individual cells and bacterial colonies, mediated by the collective interactions of multiple pili. It was shown experimentally that the substrate motility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae cells can be described as a persistent random walk with a persistence length that exceeds the mean pili length. Moreover, the persistence length increases for a higher number of pili per cell. With the help of a simple, tractable stochastic model, we test whether a tug of war without directional memory can explain the persistent motion of single Neisseria gonorrhoeae cells. While persistent motion of single cells indeed emerges naturally in the model, a tug of war alone is not capable of explaining the motility of microcolonies, which becomes weaker with increasing colony size. We suggest sliding friction between the microcolonies and the substrate as the missing ingredient. While such friction almost does not affect the general mechanism of single cell motility, it has a strong effect on colony motility. We validate the theoretical predictions by using a three-dimensional computational model that includes explicit details of the pili dynamics, force generation, and geometry of cells.

关键词： Biological movement Cell locomotion Collective behavior Locomotion

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3D experimental vibration analysis of washer extractor using planar laser sensors 56

3D experimental vibration analysis of washer extractor using...

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56th International Scientific Conference on Experimental Stress Analysis, EAN 2018

作者： Cienciala, Jakub Marek, Martin Fusek, Martin Halama, Radim Department of Applied mechanics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava 17. Listopadu 15/2172 Ostrava708 33 Czech Republic National Supercomputing Centre IT4Innovations VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava 17. Listopadu 15/2172 Ostrava708 33 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9788027040629

This paper deal with measuring and evaluating the spatial motion of industrial washer extractor in two working modes. The article also describes 3D motion measurement device, which is unique by using 2D laser sensors. Washer extractor, on which the measurement was performed, is produced by Alliance Laundry Systems in Příbor. The patented measuring equipment, including software, is characterized by speed and simplicity of the measured data evaluation as well as easy application to the measurement device. This paper is primary focused on measuring the spatial movement of the rotating part of the industrial washer extractor. However, the presented method can be used to measure any object with a known stiffness. © Experimental Stress Analysis - 56th International Scientific Conference, EAN 2018 - Conference Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vibration analysis

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FAIR for AI: An interdisciplinary and international community building perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Huerta, E.A. Blaiszik, Ben Brinson, L. Catherine Bouchard, Kristofer E. Diaz, Daniel Doglioni, Caterina Duarte, Javier M. Emani, Murali Foster, Ian Fox, Geoffrey Harris, Philip Heinrich, Lukas Jha, Shantenu Katz, Daniel S. Kindratenko, Volodymyr Kirkpatrick, Christine R. Lassila-Perini, Kati Madduri, Ravi K. Neubauer, Mark S. Psomopoulos, Fotis E. Roy, Avik Rübel, Oliver Zhao, Zhizhen Zhu, Ruike Data Science and Learning Division Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States Department of Computer Science University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Globus University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Scientific Data Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Biological Systems & Engineering Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Lund University Department of Physics Box 118 Lund221 00 Sweden School of Physics & Astronomy The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Leadership Computing Facility Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States Biocomplexity Institute Department of Computer Science University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Technical University Munich Arcisstraße 21 München80333 Germany Computational Science Initiative Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Rutgers The State University of New Jersey PiscatawayNJ08854 United States National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States School of Information Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States San Diego Supercomputer Center University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA

A foundational set of findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) principles were proposed in 2016 as prerequisites for proper data management and stewardship, with the goal of enabling the reusability of scholarly data. The principles were also meant to apply to other digital assets, at a high level, and over time, the FAIR guiding principles have been reinterpreted or extended to include the software, tools, algorithms, and workflows that produce data. FAIR principles are now being adapted in the context of AI models and datasets. Here, we present the perspectives, vision, and experiences of researchers from different countries, disciplines, and backgrounds who are leading the definition and adoption of FAIR principles in their communities of practice, and discuss outcomes that may result from pursuing and incentivizing FAIR AI research. The material for this report builds on the FAIR for AI Workshop held at Argonne National Laboratory on June 7, 2022. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information management

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Evaluation and performance modeling of a burst buffer solution 1

Evaluation and performance modeling of a burst buffer soluti...

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1st Workshop on Performance and Scalability of Storage Systems, WOPSSS 2016

作者： Schenck, Wolfram El Sayed, Salem Foszczynski, Maciej Homberg, Wilhelm Pleiter, Dirk Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences Bielefeld Germany Jülich Supercomputing Centre Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany

关键词： Engines

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Numerical and experimental prediction of lamb wave scattering from horizontal notch 56

Numerical and experimental prediction of lamb wave scatterin...

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56th International Scientific Conference on Experimental Stress Analysis, EAN 2018

作者： Šofer, Michal Ferfecki, Petr Fusek, Martin Šofer, Pavel Ličková, Dagmar Department of Applied Mechanics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VŠB- TU Ostrava 17. listopadu 15/2172 Ostrava-Poruba708 33 Czech Republic IT4Innovations National Supercomputing Center VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava Studentská 6231/1B Ostrava-Poruba708 33 Czech Republic Department of Control Systems and Instrumentation Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VŠB- TU Ostrava 17. listopadu 15/2172 Ostrava-Poruba708 33 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9788027040629

The presented paper deals with the topic of experimental and numerical prediction of energy transmission and reflection coefficients in the case of Lamb wave scattering on a two-millimetre deep and two-millimetre wide horizontal notch milled in a three-millimetre thick aluminium sheet. The paper contains the description of the experimental and numerical approaches, which were used for obtaining the above-mentioned coefficients. Great emphasis is also placed on the mutual comparison of results between these approaches as well as clarification of non-compliance of the results for particular Lamb wave modes. © Experimental Stress Analysis - 56th International Scientific Conference, EAN 2018 - Conference Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface waves

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Numerical solution of Rayleigh-Lamb frequency equation for real, imaginary and complex wavenumbers 22

Numerical solution of Rayleigh-Lamb frequency equation for r...

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22nd Slovak-Polish Scientific Conference on Machine Modelling and Simulations, MMS 2017

作者： Šofer, Michal Ferfecki, Petr Šofer, Pavel Department of Applied Mechanics Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava 17. listopadu 15/2127 Ostrava-Poruba708 33 Czech Republic IT4Innovations National Supercomputing Center VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava Studentská 6231/1B Ostrava-Poruba708 33 Czech Republic Department of Control Systems and Instrumentation Faculty of Mechanical Engineering VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava 17. listopadu 15/2127 Ostrava-Poruba708 33 Czech Republic

Guided waves, especially Lamb waves or shear-horizontal waves, are widely used types of waves for ultrasonic inspection of large structures. Well known property of guided waves is their dispersive character, which means that the propagation velocity of the particular wave mode is not only a function of physical properties of the material, in which the wave propagates or the wavés frequency, but also depends on the geometry of the structure in itself. Dispersion curves provide us the information related to the dependency between the wavenumber and the frequency of the particular mode and can be obtained by a numerical solution of Rayleigh-Lamb frequency equation. A solution of Rayleigh-Lamb frequency equation forms for a given frequency and plate thickness a set of a finite number of real and pure imaginary wavenumbers and an infinite number of complex wavenumbers. Proposed paper presents a complete procedure of how to obtain all three kinds of wavenumbers for a given geometry and frequency interval. The main emphasis is placed on the effectiveness of the procedures, which are used for finding the roots of dispersion equation for all three kinds of wavenumbers. © 2018 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

关键词： Surface waves

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