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EXTENSION AND APPLICATION OF SHIP DESIGN OPTIMIZATION CODE (SHIPDOC)

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第3期96卷 177-190页

作者： RICHARDSON, WM WHITE, WN William M:. Richardsonhas been employed as a naval architect in the Surface Effect Ship Division of the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center (DTNSRDC) where he has worked since 1975 in the areas of SES structural loads estimation and optimal ship design. Upon first coming to DTNSRDC he worked in the Ship Dynamics Simulation Branch on ACV submarine and hydrofoil simulations. While at Mare Island Naval Shipyard (MINS) he was a member of the Engineering Computer Applications Branch where he was responsible for the development of algorithms and programs for the solution of naval architectural problems including ship design flooding effects and submarine overhaul scheduling. Before coming to MINS he was employed as a naval architect in the Hull Scientific Branch of the Boston Naval Shipyard's Design Division. He obtained an B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from M.I.T. and is a member of SNAME. William N:. Whiteis a senior naval architect in the Advance Vehicles Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command where he is responsible for the design of all surface effect ships and air cushion vehicles. Previous to his current assignment he was with PMS-304 the Navy's Surface Effect Ship Project Office. There he was the manager for machinery and system integration for the 3000 ton SES acquisition program. His earliest advanced ship experience was acquired while employed by the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center starting in 1970. Here he worked on the Navy's hydrofoil and air cushion vehicle programs. Mr. White started his career as a student trainee at the Boston Naval Shipyard in 1961 and transferred to Mare Island Naval Shipyard in 1964 where he worked on the Navy's Polaris program. He graduated from the University of Michigan with a Master's Degree in Naval Architecture and is a member of the SNAME and ASNE.

An existing nonlinear ship design optimization program designated SHIPDOC has been extended and a new surface effect ship (SES) description input file is being developed under the sponsorship of the Naval Sea Systems Command's surface ship concept formulation (CONFORM) program. SHIPDOC is currently being used in support of several feasibility and preliminary level SES designs. The program has several novel features including an open-ended, user-created ship description and the potential to model all types of ships both enhanced and conventional, surfaced and submerged. This capability has been combined with a nonlinear optimization algorithm that solves for the minimum weight ship subject to user controlled constraints. This paper presents a brief overall description of SHIPDOC and its current capabilities followed by a synopsis of ship types, both surface and submerged, which have been designed with the program in order to illustrate SHIPDOC's practical design capability.

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AN ADVANCED METHODOLOGY FOR PRELIMINARY HULL FORM DEVELOPMENT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第4期96卷 147-161页

作者： LIN, WC DAY, WG HOUGH, JJ KEANE, RG WALDEN, DA KOH, IY Wen-Chin Lin:heads the Ship Powering Division at the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center (DTNSRDC). Dr. Lin received his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from the National Taiwan University in 1957. He was awarded his M.S. degree in naval architecture and Ph.D. in engineering science from the University of California at Berkeley in 1963 and 1966 respectively. From 1966 to 1969 he was employed by ESSO Research and Engineering Company to conduct marine hydrodynamic research for oil tankers and offshore structures. Since joining DTNSRDC in 1969 he has actively conducted and directed hydrodynamic research to advance naval ship design technology and improve ship performance. Active in national and international symposia on ship hydrodynamic research he is recognized for contributions to the ship research community. For the past six years he has been a member of the Performance Committee of the ITTC and currently serves as secretary of the committee. He is a member of SNAME and the Society of Naval Architects of Japan. William G. Day Jr:. has been employed as a naval architect at the David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center since receiving a B.E.S. degree from the Johns Hopkins University in 1966. He obtained an M.S. E. degree from George Washington University in 1971. As Head Design Evaluation Branch of the Ship Performance Department he is responsible for model experiments to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of ships and propulsors. He is a member of ASNE and SNAME. In-Young Koh:received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Lowell University in 1969 and 1971 respectively and his Ph.D. in applied mechanics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1976. Dr. Koh joined DTNSRDC as an electronic engineer specializing in the application of advanced instrumentation and computer techniques to ship research and design. He is currently engaged in research and development of active control systems for naval ship applications. Dr. Koh is a member of ASNE SNAME and IEEE. David Andrew Walden:is

A ship design methodology is presented for developing hull forms that attain improved performance in both seakeeping and resistance. Contrary to traditional practice, the methodology starts with developing a seakeeping-optimized hull form without making concessions to other performance considerations, such as resistance. The seakeeping-optimized hull is then modified to improve other performance characteristics without degrading the seakeeping. Presented is a point-design example produced by this methodology. Merits of the methodology and the point design are assessed on the basis of theoretical calculations and model experiments. This methodology is an integral part of the Hull Form Design System (HFDS) being developed for computer-supported naval ship design. The modularized character of HFDS and its application to hull form development are discussed.

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FUNDAMENTALS OF NAVAL SURFACE SHIP WEIGHT ESTIMATING

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1983年第3期95卷 127-143页

作者： STRAUBINGER, EK CURRAN, WC FIGHERA, VL Mr. Erwin K. Straubinger:is currently Head of the Weight Division(SEA 55 W2)of the Naval Sea Systems Command. He graduated from the University of California School of Architecture at Berkeley in 1953. Mr. Straubinger began his career with the U.S. Navyin 1959 as a Naval Architect (Stability) in the Scientific Section of the Design Division at Long Beach Naval Shipyard and transferred to BUSHIPS Weight Branch in 1962. Achieving his present position in June 1980 Mr. Straubinger was previously Head of the Special Projects Section SEA 55W21 being responsible for formulation and development of weight control policies and procedures as well as coordination of the overall U.S. NavyWeight Control Program for detail design and construction. Before obtaining that position in 1968 he worked in the Special Projects Section on a variety of weight control matters including specifications contractual weight control language estimating techniques computer applications reporting procedures and evaluation of the Weight Control Program. Mr. Straubinger is a member of ASNE SNAME ASE and the Society of Allied Weight Engineers (SAWE) in which he serves as a member of the Government/Industry Panel for marine vehicles. Mr. William J. Cumin:is currently a task leader for surface combatant ships in the Weight Division (SEA 55W2) of the Naval Sea Systems Command. He began his career with the U.S. Navyin 1966 as a naval architect trainee at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard while participating in Drexel University's cooperative education program. Upon graduation from the D.U. School of Engineering Mr. Curran accepted a position in the Scientific Branch of the Shipyard. Some of his responsibilities during this period included the development of modernization weight estimates inclining experiments and trim dives. In 1976 Mr. Curran transferred to the Surface Combatant Ship Logistic Division in NAVSEA where he worked for two years in the Destroyer Engineered Operating Cycle maintenance program. Since 1978 he has held his presen

This paper descirbes how ship weights are estimated. Detail is presented concerning relationships between existing weight data and the characteristics of a new design as it develops from completion of feasibility design through contract design. Margin requirements are also discussed. The weight estimating ratios and factors presented, while not directly associated with a specific ship type, cover the weight classification groups one would use in the design of a surface combatant. The purpose of this paper is to present the fundamentals of weight estimating to the ship design community. With this knowledge, ship design engineers and managers should be able to personally identify with the important parts they all play in creation of a credible weight estimate.

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THE PROCESS OF NAVAL SHIP GENERAL ARRANGEMENT DESIGN AND ANALYSIS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1981年第4期93卷 29-37页

作者： HOPE, JP A native of Northern Virginia received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Virginia in 1969. Upon graduation he began his career with the Department of the Navy in the acquisition of patrol craft and submarine rescue ships at NA VSHIPS. In January 1971 he transferred to the Ship Arrangements Branch of NAVSEC. He was selected for the long-term training program at George Washington University in 1974 and completed the program in February 1976 with the degree of Master of Engineering Administration. While at NAVSEC Mr. Hope has been General Arrangement Task Leader on the AO 177 DDG 47 CSGN CSGN (VSTOL) CGN 9 (AEGIS) CGN 42 and assisted in the land- mark NA VSEA Civilian Professional Community Study. In 1978 he was selected as acting head of the Damage Control Section. From that position he was selected as acting head of the Surface Ship Hydrodynamic Section. In February 1980 he was promoted to head of the Surface Combatant Arrangements Design Section. In addition to numerous outstanding performance awards Mr. Hope was nominated for the Commander Naval Ship Engineering Center Professional Development A ward in both 1978 and 1979. In 1979 Mr. Hope was presented the National Capital Award for Professional Achievement (under age 36) by the District of Columbia Council of Engineering and Architectural Societies. Mr. Hope has presented numerous professional papers at ASNE and ASE Technical Symposia. Three of these papers have been published in the ASNE Naval Engineers Journal and his papers Management of Research and Engineering: Selected Topics won the JOHN C. NIEDERMAIR Award for the best paper presented at the 13th ASE Symposium. His memberships in professional societies include ASNE ASE SNAME ASME and U.S. Naval Institute. He has served as an elected officer in ASE since 1978.

This paper describes naval ship general arrangement design and analysis, a system engineering process that seeks the optimization of the ship as a total system. Through this system engineering process, the ship is geometrically defined by allocating scarce resources of area/volume and functional location. The general arrangement design team synthesizes a design from subsystem requirements, system constraints, and policy-maker influences through iteration and negotiation into the optimum general arrangement. The use of volumetric and area ratios and indices in this process are highlighted. The paper concludes with a discussion of a new methodology now under development for analyzing and comparing general arrangement alternatives. This new general arrangement evaluation methodology links operational performance objectives to ship design philosophy and subsystem effectiveness.

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A TECHNOLOGY BASE FOR ALUMINUM SHIP STRUCTURES

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Naval Engineers Journal 1979年第5期91卷 33-44页

作者： POHLER, C.H. STAVOVY, A.B. BEACH, J.E. BORRIELLO, F.F. Mr. C.H. Pohler received his B.S. degree in Architectural Engineering in 1956 from the University of Houston his Master of Engineering degree in Naval Architecture in 1959 from the University of California. and his M.S. degree in Administration in 1975 from The George Washington University. In addition. he attended the Industrial College of the Armed Forces (ICAF) at the National Defense University in 1974. He has worked in ship design since 1956 in various positions in the Department of the Navy and has contributed numerous technical papers to both national and foreign literature. In addition to ASNE which he joined in 1963 Mr. Pohler is a member of AIAA. SNAME the Royal Institute of Naval Architects the Northeast Coast Institute of Engineers and Shipbuilders the Interagency Ship Structures Committee the SNAME Hull Structures Committee and Sigma Xi. At the present time he is Head of the Mechanics Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command's Research and Development Directorate. Mr. A.B. Stovovy is Head of the Surface Ship Division Structures Department David W. Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center (DTNSRDC) where he is responsible for research studies of ship structures. His career began with the U.S. Navy in 1952 in the Scientific Section Hull Design Division Bureau of Ships. In 1961 he joined the Staff of the Structures Department at the David Taylor Model Basin where in 1964 he was selected to head the Surface Ship Structures Program. He is a member of the U.S. Delegation to the International Ship Structures Congress in 1979. the Interagency Ship Structures Subcommittee. and a former Chairman of the SNAME Hull Structures Committee. Mr. J.E. Beach is a Senior Project Engineer in the Structures Department of DTNSRDC. Bethesda. Md. where he has been employed since 1969. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Maryland. Mr. Beach has published numerous technical papers primarily in the areas of Fatigue and Fracture and Large-Scale Testing and is

A comprehensive U.S. Navy Development program is underway to establish a sound and reliable technology base for aluminum ship structures. Central to this effort is an 85‐foot long, 17‐ton Aluminum Ship Evaluation Model (ASEM) which represents approximately a one‐third scale structure model of a conceptual all‐aluminum Destroyer Escort designed by the Naval Ship engineering Center. The overall approach taken to develop this technology base for aluminum ships is basically similar to that employed in the aircraft structures field over the last two decades, i.e., systematic testing of large‐scale structural components under simulated service loading. Underlying considerations for the design and test of the large‐scale Structural Ship Model (the ASEM) me presented with details both for the static testing and the simulated life‐cycle fatigue testing of this Model. Rational design loads applied to the ASEM were based upon 80% of the highest significant wave for the static tests and on wave spectra expected in 20 years of operation in the North Atlantic for the fatigue tests. Results expected from this overall effort include vurious Mannuals for design, fabrication, inspection, and surveillance and repair of aluminum ship structures. These results are intended to provide a mechanism for technology transfer to industry so that a sound and efficient industrial base will be established for the construction and operation of aluminum ships. © 1979 American Society of Naval Engineers

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THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANNED, DEEP‐DIVING SUBMERSIBLES

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Naval Engineers Journal 1969年第5期81卷 35-42页

作者： RAMSAY, RAYMOND THE AUTHOR: completed a British apprenticeship with Furness Shipbuilding Company and studied for the Higher National Certificate (Naval Architecture) in 1952. He emigrated to Canada in 1956 after serving with the Royal Army Educational Corps in England and Singapore. Before appointment as a Senior Naval Architect in the Ship Concept Design Division of the U.S. Naval Ship Engineering Center he performed naval architectural duties for the Davie Shipbuilding Company (Quebec Canada) also the Great Lakes Engineering Works and General Dynamics /Electric Boat Division in the United States. During the period January to November 1968 he participated in the NAVSEC element of the Deep Ocean Technology Program associated with the development of submersible vehicles and was a member of the DSSV technical evaluation team. Recently he transferred to NAVSHIPS Code 425 with promotion to Program Manager PERA(SS)—Planning and Engineering for Repairs and Alterations (Submarines). Mr. Ramsay is an Associate Member of the North East Coast Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders (England) a Full Member of The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers Civil Member of The American Society of Naval Engineers and Full Member of The Association of Senior Engineers.

The need for maintaining technological leadership in the deep submergence field is given recognition, with particular reference to manned submersibles. A design sequence is outlined to illustrate how operating crew requirements must be satisfied very early in the design process to insure maximum overallmission effectiveness. The necessity for more technologists and “totally immersed” projects to manage future vehicle technology efforts is also addressed. © 1969 by the American Society of Naval Engineers, Inc.

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Structural problems in penetrated spheres under pressure

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Naval Engineers Journal 1967年第N 2期v 79卷 p207-220页

作者： Vasta, J. Pohler, C. Becker, H. Winter, R. Mr. Vasta is Head of Hull Structures Branch Naval Ship Engineering Center of the Dept. of the Navy with the responsibility for hull structural design of surface ships and submarines and for planning initiating and technically monitoring research in the field of structural mechanics. Mr. Vasta attended New York University receiving the Bachelor of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering in 1930 and took postgraduate work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology receiving the Master of Science degree in 1931. He worked in the Structural Mechanics Group of the U. S. Experimental Model Basin from 1931 to 1938. After a short duty at the Headquarters of the U. S. Coast Guard he joined the U. S. Maritime Commission where between 1939 and 1948 he held various positions of responsibility in the Technical Division. Subsequently he joined the former Bureau of Ships first as Head of the Scientific and Research Section from 1948 to 1964 and later as Assistant Chief Naval Architect for Engineering Sciences in the Naval Ship Engineering Center from 1965 to 1966. Mr. Vasta is a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineering and of the American Welding Society and is active in many research panels and committees including the Ship Structure Committee and panels in the Welding Research Council. He is chairman of the Hull Structures Committee of the Society of Naval Architects and chairman of the “Fatigue” panel of the International Ship Structure Congress. Mr. Pohler is Head of the Submarine Structural Mechanics Unit Hull Structures Branch of the Naval Ship Engineering Center with responsibility principally for technical direction of the Navy's submarine structural research program and for development of design criteria for submarine hulls. Mr. Pohler attended the University of Houston receiving the Bachelor of Science degree in Architectural Engineering in 1956 took postgraduate work at the University of California receiving the Master of Engineering degree in Naval Architecture in 1959. He wor

Report of study on stresses in hatches, windows, and adjacent regions in penetrated spheres under external pressure for use in deep submergence structures, using three-dimensional photoelasticity;stress distributions from conical hatches and windows are compared with available results obtained from testing of models and prototype bathyspheres, and conclusions are developed relating to strength and design of hatches and windows;results obtained from pressurizing small conical windows under constant long-term loading, as preliminary index of tendency of plexiglas windows to creep in service, are included.

关键词： Undersea technology

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THE SHIP LAUNCHED PROJECTILE

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Naval Engineers Journal 1963年第1期75卷 93-102页

作者： FERRIS, LAWRENCE W. FREY, RICHARD A. MILLS, JAMES L. Laurence W. Ferris graduated from the University of California in 1916. After working at shipyards on the West Coast came to the Bureau of Construction and Repair in 1925 and has contributed to the design of a wide variety of ships. For several years was head of a section dealing with structural design of turrets ammunition handling and allied subjects. More recently has been a Project Coordinator in the Bureau of Ships. Retired in June 1962. Author of the following papers: “The Effect of an Added Weight on Longitudinal Strength” SNA & ME 1940 “The Proportions and Form of Icebreakers” SNA & ME 1959 “Developable Surfaces” ASNE 1961. Richard A. Frey entered the Bureau of Ships upon graduation from Manhattan College N. Y. in 1951. From 1951 through early 1957 he was on the Destroyer Type Desk and was primarily involved in the hull electronic and ordnance aspects of all destroyer type ships. From 1957 through 1962 Mr. Frey headed up the Surface-to-Surface Missile ASW Conventional Armament and Auxiliary Section of the Bureau of Ships Weapons Branch. His duties entailed all aspects relative to the installation of such weapon systems as REGULUS ASROC SUBROC torpedoes conventional guns and similar ordnance in various surface and sub-surface craft. Mr. Frey has been recently detailed to the Bureau's new SEAHAWK Program Management Office. James L. Mills Jr. holds a bachelor's degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from the Webb Institute of Naval Architecture. Following his graduation in 1944 he was ordered to the USNR Midshipman's School at Cornell the Navy Fire Fighting and Damage Control School in Philadelphia and then to duty in the Construction and Repair Department aboard the USS PENNSYLVANIA. He subsequently served as the Assistant First Lieutenant and Damage Control Officer in that ship. After release from active duty Mr. Mills did naval architectural work at the David Taylor Model Basin the Naval Engineering Division of the U. S. Coast Guard and Bethlehem Steel's Staten Island

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