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Public opinion about solar radiation management: A cross-cultural study in 20 countries around the world

Climatic Change 2024年第4期177卷 65页

作者： Contzen, Nadja Perlaviciute, Goda Steg, Linda Reckels, Sophie Charlotte Alves, Susana Bidwell, David Böhm, Gisela Bonaiuto, Marino Chou, Li-Fang Corral-Verdugo, Victor Dessi, Federica Dietz, Thomas Doran, Rouven Eulálio, Maria do Carmo Fielding, Kelly Gómez-Román, Cristina Granskaya, Juliana V. Gurikova, Tatyana Hernández, Bernardo Kabakova, Maira P. Lee, Chieh-Yu Li, Fan Lima, Maria Luísa Liu, Lu Luís, Sílvia Muinos, Gabriel Ogunbode, Charles A. Ortiz, María Victoria Pidgeon, Nick Pitt, Maria Argüello Rahimi, Leila Revokatova, Anastasia Reyna, Cecilia Schuitema, Geertje Shwom, Rachael Yalcinkaya, Nur Soylu Spence, Elspeth Sütterlin, Bernadette Environmental Health Psychology Group Department of Environmental Social Sciences Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Überlandstrasse 133 Dübendorf8600 Switzerland Environmental Psychology Group Department of Psychology Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences University of Groningen Grote Kruisstraat 2/1 Groningen9712TS Netherlands Department of Psychology of Development and Socialisation Processes Sapienza University of Rome Via dei Marsi 78 Rome00185 Italy Department of Marine Affairs University of Rhode Island 1 Greenhouse Road KingstonRI02852 United States Department of Psychosocial Science University of Bergen Christiesgate 12 BergenN‑5015 Norway Department of Psychology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Lillehammer Norway CIRPA Interuniversity Centre for Research in Environmental Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Via dei Marsi 78 Rome00185 Italy Department of Psychology National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City701 Taiwan Environmental Psychology Group Department of Psychology Social Sciences Division University of Sonora Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Hermosillo Sonora83000 Mexico Environmental Science and Policy Program and Sociology Michigan State University 509 East Circle Drive East LansingMI48864 United States Group of Studies and Research in Aging and Health Department of Psychology State University of Paraíba Rua Baraúnas 351 Campina Grande Paraíba Brazil School of Communication and Arts University of Queensland St Lucia Campus BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia CRETUS institute Department of Social Psychology Basic and Methodology Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Campus Vida Calle Xosé María Suárez Núñez s/n A Coruña Santiago de Compostela15782 Spain Department of Psychology St. Petersburg State University Universitetskaya emb. 7/9 St.Petersburg199034 Russia Center for Sociological and Internet Research St. Petersburg State University Universitets

Some argue that complementing climate change mitigation measures with solar radiation management (SRM) might prove a last resort to limit global warming to 1.5 °C. To make a socially responsible decision on whether to use SRM, it is important to consider also public opinion, across the globe and particularly in the Global South, which would face the greatest risks from both global warming and SRM. However, most research on public opinion about SRM stems from the Global North. We report findings from the first large-scale, cross-cultural study on the public opinion about SRM among the general public (N = 2,248) and students (N = 4,583) in 20 countries covering all inhabited continents, including five countries from the Global South and five ‘non-WEIRD’ (i.e. not Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, and Democratic) countries from the Global North. As public awareness of SRM is usually low, we provided participants with information on SRM, including key arguments in favour of and against SRM that appear in the scientific debate. On average, acceptability of SRM was significantly higher in the Global South than in the ‘non-WEIRD’ Global North, while acceptability in the ‘WEIRD’ Global North was in between. However, we found substantial variation within these clusters, especially in the ‘non-WEIRD’ Global North, suggesting that countries do not form homogenous clusters and should thus be considered individually. Moreover, the average participants’ views, while generally neither strong nor polarised, differed from some expert views in important ways, including that participants perceived SRM as only slightly effective in limiting global warming. Still, our data suggests overall a conditional, reluctant acceptance. That is, while on average, people think SRM would have mostly negative consequences, they may still be willing to tolerate it as a potential last resort to fight global warming, particularly if they think SRM has only minor negative (or even positive) impact

关键词： Solar radiation

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Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) - a community perspective

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HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL 2019年第10期64卷 1141-1158页

作者： Bloeschl, Gunter Bierkens, Marc F. P. Chambel, Antonio Cudennec, Christophe Destouni, Georgia Fiori, Aldo Kirchner, James W. McDonnell, Jeffrey J. Savenije, Hubert H. G. Sivapalan, Murugesu Stumpp, Christine Toth, Elena Volpi, Elena Carr, Gemma Lupton, Claire Salinas, Jose Szeles, Borbala Viglione, Alberto Aksoy, Hafzullah Allen, Scott T. Amin, Anam Andreassian, Vazken Arheimer, Berit Aryal, Santosh K. Baker, Victor Bardsley, Earl Barendrecht, Marlies H. Bartosova, Alena Batelaan, Okke Berghuijs, Wouter R. Beven, Keith Blume, Theresa Bogaard, Thom de Amorim, Pablo Borges Boettcher, Michael E. Boulet, Gilles Breinl, Korbinian Brilly, Mitja Brocca, Luca Buytaert, Wouter Castellarin, Attilio Castelletti, Andrea Chen, Xiaohong Chen, Yangbo Chen, Yuanfang Chifflard, Peter Claps, Pierluigi Clark, Martyn P. Collins, Adrian L. Croke, Barry Dathe, Annette David, Paula C. de Barros, Felipe P. J. de Rooij, Gerrit Di Baldassarre, Giuliano Driscoll, Jessica M. Duethmann, Doris Dwivedi, Ravindra Eris, Ebru Farmer, William H. Feiccabrino, James Ferguson, Grant Ferrari, Ennio Ferraris, Stefano Fersch, Benjamin Finger, David Foglia, Laura Fowler, Keirnan Gartsman, Boris Gascoin, Simon Gaume, Eric Gelfan, Alexander Geris, Josie Gharari, Shervan Gleeson, Tom Glendell, Miriam Bevacqua, Alena Gonzalez Gonzalez-Dugo, Maria P. Grimaldi, Salvatore Gupta, A. B. Guse, Bjoern Han, Dawei Hannah, David Harpold, Adrian Haun, Stefan Heal, Kate Helfricht, Kay Herrnegger, Mathew Hipsey, Matthew Hlavacikova, Hana Hohmann, Clara Holko, Ladislav Hopkinson, Christopher Hrachowitz, Markus Illangasekare, Tissa H. Inam, Azhar Innocente, Camyla Istanbulluoglu, Erkan Jarihani, Ben Kalantari, Zahra Kalvans, Andis Khanal, Sonu Khatami, Sina Kiesel, Jens Kirkby, Mike Knoben, Wouter Kochanek, Krzysztof Kohnova, Silvia Kolechkina, Alla Krause, Stefan Kreamer, David Kreibich, Heidi Kunstmann, Harald Lange, Holger Liberato, Margarida L. R. Lindquist, Eric Link, Timothy Liu, Junguo Loucks, Daniel Peter Luce, Charles Mahe, Gil Makarieva, Olga Malard, Julien Masht Vienna Univ Technol Inst Hydraul Engn & Water Resources Management Vienna Austria Univ Utrecht Fac Geosci Dept Phys Geog Utrecht Netherlands Univ Evora Inst Earth Sci Dept Geosci Evora Portugal INRA UMR SAS 1069 Agrocampus Ouest Rennes France Stockholm Univ Dept Phys Geog Stockholm Sweden Roma Tre Univ Dept Engn Rome Italy Swiss Fed Inst Technol Dept Environm Syst Sci Zurich Switzerland Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland Univ Saskatchewan Global Inst Water Secur Saskatoon SK Canada Delft Univ Technol Dept Water Management Delft Netherlands Univ Illinois Dept Civil & Environm Engn Urbana IL USA Univ Illinois Dept Geog & Geog Informat Sci Urbana IL USA Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Inst Soil Phys & Rural Water Management Vienna Austria Univ Bologna Dept Civil Chem Environm & Mat Engn DICAM Bologna Italy IAHS Ltd CEH Wallingford Wallingford Oxon England Politecn Torino Dept Environm Land & Infrastruct Engn DIATI Turin Italy Istanbul Tech Univ Dept Civil Engn Istanbul Turkey Univ Padua Dept Land Environm Agr & Forestry TESAF Padua Italy Irstea HYCAR Res Unit Antony France SMHI Norrkoping Sweden CSIRO Land & Water Canberra ACT Australia Univ Arizona Dept Hydrol & Atmospher Sci Tucson AZ USA Univ Waikato Fac Sci & Engn Hamilton New Zealand Flinders Univ S Australia Coll Sci & Engn NCGRT Adelaide SA Australia Univ Lancaster Lancaster Environm Ctr Lancaster England GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci Hydrol Sect Potsdam Germany Fed Univ Santa Catarina UFSC Grad Program Environm Engn PPGEA Florianopolis SC Brazil Leibniz Inst Baltic Sea Res IOW Geochem & Isotope Biogeochem Grp Warnemunde Germany Univ Toulouse CNES CNRS IRD INRA UPS CESBIO Toulouse France Univ Ljubljana Fac Civil Engn & Geodesy Dept Environm Engn Ljubljana Slovenia CNR Res Inst Geohydrol Protect Perugia Italy Imperial Coll London Dept Civil & Environm Engn London England Politecn Milan Dept Elect Informat & Bioengn Milan Ital

This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.

关键词： hydrology science questions research agenda interdisciplinary knowledge gaps

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Gamma-ray observations of MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst

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MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 2022年第4期517卷 4736-4751页

作者： Abe, H. Abe, S. Acciari, V. A. Aniello, T. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L. A. Engels, A. Arbet Arcaro, C. Artero, M. Asano, K. Baack, D. Babic, A. Baquero, A. de Almeida, U. Barres Barrio, J. A. Batkovic, I Baxter, J. Gonzalez, J. Becerra Bednarek, W. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bhattacharyya, W. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bosnjak, Z. Burelli, I Busetto, G. Carosi, R. Carretero-Castrillo, M. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Chilingarian, A. Cikota, S. Colombo, E. Contreras, J. L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D'Amico, G. D'Elia, V Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. Del Popolo, A. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Mendez, C. Delgado Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Prester, D. Dominis Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaesser, D. Emery, G. Ramazani, V. Fallah Farina, L. Fattorini, A. Font, L. Fruck, C. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Lopez, R. J. Garcia Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Grau, R. Green, D. Green, J. G. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Heckmann, L. Herrera, J. Hoang, J. Hrupec, D. Hutten, M. Imazawa, R. Inada, T. Iotov, R. Ishio, K. Martinez, I. Jimenez Jormanainen, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamastra, A. Lelas, D. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Linhoff, L. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. Lopez-Coto, R. Lopez-Moya, M. Lopez-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Lorini, A. Lyard, E. Fraga, B. Machado de Oliveira Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Maneva, G. Mang, N. Manganaro, M. Mangano, S. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Martinez, M. Aguilar, A. Mas Mazin, D. Menchiari, S. Mender, S. Micanovic, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J. M. Mirzoyan, R. Molina, E. Mondal, H. A. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moreno, V Nakamori, T. Nanci, C. Nava, L. Neustroev, V Rosillo, M. Nievas Nigro, C. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, K. Ekoume, T. Njoh Noda, K. Nozaki, S. Ohtani, Y. Oka, T. Okumura, A. Otero-Santos, J. Paiano, S. Palatiello, M. Paneque, D. Paoletti, R. Paredes, J. M. Pavletic, L. Persic, M. Pihet, M. Pirola, G. Podobnik, F. M Univ Tokyo Japanese MAGIC Grp Inst Cosm Ray Res ICRR Kashiwa Chiba 2778582 Japan Univ La Laguna Inst Astrofis Canarias E-38200 Tenerife Spain Univ La Laguna Dept Astrofis E-38200 Tenerife Spain Natl Inst Astrophys INAF I-00136 Rome Italy Univ Udine I-33100 Udine Italy INFN Trieste I-33100 Udine Italy Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys D-80805 Munich Germany Univ Padua I-35131 Padua Italy Ist Nazl Fis Nucl I-35131 Padua Italy Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol BIST Inst Fis Altes Energies IFAE E-08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain Tech Univ Dortmund D-44221 Dortmund Germany Univ Zagreb Fac Elect Engn & Comp FER Croatian MAGIC Grp Zagreb 10000 Croatia Univ Complutense Madrid IPARCOS Inst E-28040 Madrid Spain Univ Complutense Madrid EMFTEL Dept E-28040 Madrid Spain URCA Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis CBPF BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro Brazil Univ Lodz Fac Phys & Appl Informat Dept Astrophys PL-90236 Lodz Poland Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC Glorieta Astron S-N E-18008 Granada Spain Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY D-15738 Zeuthen Germany Swiss Fed Inst Technol CH-8093 Zurich Switzerland Univ Pisa I-56126 Pisa Italy INFN Pisa I-56126 Pisa Italy Univ Barcelona IEEC UB ICCUB E-08028 Barcelona Spain Alikhanyan Natl Sci Lab Armenian MAGIC Grp Yerevan 0036 Armenia Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol E-28040 Madrid Spain Univ Bergen Dept Phys & Technol Bergen Norway Univ Catania INFN MAGIC Grp INFN Sez Catania I-95123 Catania Italy Univ Catania Dipartimento Fis & Astron I-95123 Catania Italy INFN Sez Torino INFN MAGIC Grp I-10125 Turin Italy Univ Torino I-10125 Turin Italy Univ Bari INFN MAGIC Grp INFN Sez Bari I-70125 Bari Italy Univ Bari Dipartimento Interateneo Fis I-70125 Bari Italy Politecn Bari I-70125 Bari Italy Univ Rijeka Fac Phys Croatian MAGIC Grp Rijeka 51000 Croatia Univ Wurzburg D-97074 Wurzburg Germany Univ Geneva Chemin Ecogia 16 CH-1290 Versoix Switzerland Univ Turku Finnish MAGIC Grp Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FI-

MAXIJ1820+070 is a low-mass X-ray binary with a black hole (BH) as a compact object. This binary underwent an exceptionally bright X-ray outburst from 2018 March to October, showing evidence of a non-thermal particle population through its radio emission during this whole period. The combined results of 59.5 h of observations of the MAXI J1820+070 outburst with the H.E.S.S., MAGIC and VERITAS experiments at energies above 200 GeV are presented, together with Fermi-LAT data between 0.1 and 500 GeV, and multiwavelength observations from radio to X-rays. Gamma-ray emission is not detected from MAXI J1820+070, but the obtained upper limits and the multiwavelength data allow us to put meaningful constraints on the source properties under reasonable assumptions regarding the non-thermal particle population and the jet synchrotron spectrum. In particular, it is possible to show that, if a high-energy (HE) gamma-ray emitting region is present during the hard state of the source, its predicted flux should be at most a factor of 20 below the obtained Fermi-LAT upper limits, and closer to them for magnetic fields significantly below equipartition. During the state transitions, under the plausible assumption that electrons are accelerated up to similar to 500 GeV, the multiwavelength data and the gamma-ray upper limits lead consistently to the conclusion that a potential HE and very-HE gamma-ray emitting region should be located at a distance from the BH ranging between 10(11) and 10(13) cm. Similar outbursts from low-mass X-ray binaries might be detectable in the near future with upcoming instruments such as CTA.

关键词： stars: individual: MAXI J1820+070 gamma rays: general stars: black holes X-rays: binaries

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Author Correction: BigNeuron: a resource to benchmark and predict performance of algorithms for automated tracing of neurons in light microscopy datasets

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Nature methods 2024年第10期21卷 1959页

作者： Linus Manubens-Gil Zhi Zhou Hanbo Chen Arvind Ramanathan Xiaoxiao Liu Yufeng Liu Alessandro Bria Todd Gillette Zongcai Ruan Jian Yang Miroslav Radojević Ting Zhao Li Cheng Lei Qu Siqi Liu Kristofer E Bouchard Lin Gu Weidong Cai Shuiwang Ji Badrinath Roysam Ching-Wei Wang Hongchuan Yu Amos Sironi Daniel Maxim Iascone Jie Zhou Erhan Bas Eduardo Conde-Sousa Paulo Aguiar Xiang Li Yujie Li Sumit Nanda Yuan Wang Leila Muresan Pascal Fua Bing Ye Hai-Yan He Jochen F Staiger Manuel Peter Daniel N Cox Michel Simonneau Marcel Oberlaender Gregory Jefferis Kei Ito Paloma Gonzalez-Bellido Jinhyun Kim Edwin Rubel Hollis T Cline Hongkui Zeng Aljoscha Nern Ann-Shyn Chiang Jianhua Yao Jane Roskams Rick Livesey Janine Stevens Tianming Liu Chinh Dang Yike Guo Ning Zhong Georgia Tourassi Sean Hill Michael Hawrylycz Christof Koch Erik Meijering Giorgio A Ascoli Hanchuan Peng Institute for Brain and Intelligence Southeast University Nanjing China. Microsoft Corporation Redmond WA USA. Tencent AI Lab Bellevue WA USA. Computing Environment and Life Sciences Directorate Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA. Kaya Medical Seattle WA USA. University of Cassino and Southern Lazio Cassino Italy. Center for Neural Informatics Structures and Plasticity Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study George Mason University Fairfax VA USA. Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China. Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services Beijing China. Nuctech Netherlands Rotterdam the Netherlands. Janelia Research Campus Howard Hughes Medical Institute Ashburn VA USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing Anhui University Hefei China. Paige AI New York NY USA. Scientific Data Division and Biological Systems and Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Berkeley CA USA. Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. RIKEN AIP Tokyo Japan. Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. School of Computer Science University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia. Texas A&M University College Station TX USA. Cullen College of Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan. National Centre for Computer Animation Bournemouth University Poole UK. PROPHESEE Paris France. Department of Neuroscience Columbia University New York NY USA. Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute Columbia University New York NY USA. Department of Computer Science Northern Illinois Universit

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Scientists Against War: A Plea to World Leaders for Better Governance

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Sleep and vigilance 2022年第1期6卷 1-6页

作者： Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal Velayudhan Mohan Kumar Namasivayam Ganesh Pandian Joop T de Jong Sudalaikannu Andiappan Alexandru Corlateanu Arehally Marappa Mahalaksmi Saravana Babu Chidambaram Ramasamy Rajesh Kumar Chellamuthu Ramasubramanian Sudhakar Sivasubramaniam Alvhild Alette Bjørkum JosAnn Cutajar Michael Berk Ilya Trakht Anton Vrdoljak Miguel Meira E Cruz Harris A Eyre Janne Grønli Dainiel P Cardinali Andreas Maercker Willem A C M van de Put Jaswant Guzder Bjørn Bjorvatn Wietse A Tol Darío Acuña-Castroviejo Marie Meudec Charles M Morin Markku Partinen Corrado Barbui Mark J D Jordans Mario H Braakman Christine Knaevelsrud Ståle Pallesen Marit Sijbrandij Diego Andrés Golombek Colin A Espie Pim Cuijpers Hernán Andrés Marín Agudelo Koos van der Velden Bessel A van der Kolk Stevan E Hobfoll Walter L J M Devillé Michael Gradisar Dieter Riemann John Axelsson Gloria Benítez-King Robert D Macy Vitalii Poberezhets Samuel Ratnajeevan Herbert Hoole Rangaswamy Srinivasa Murthy Thomas Hegemann Andreas Heinz Jane Salvage Alexander C McFarlane Rob Keukens Harendra de Silva Cornelia Oestereich Jochen Wilhelm Michael von Cranach Klaus Hoffmann Matthias Klosinski Dinesh Bhugra Mary V Seeman Somnogen Canada Inc. College Street Toronto Canada. Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Chennai India. Kerala Chapter National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) New Delhi India. Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) A210 Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study Yoshida Ushinomiya-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan. Department of Cultural Psychiatry and Global Mental Health Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam The Netherlands. Boston University School of Medicine Boston USA. Department of Gandhian Studies and Ramalingar Philosophy School of Religions Philosophy and Humanist Thought Madurai Kamaraj University Madurai Tamil Nadu India. Department of Respiratory Medicine Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy Chisinau Moldova. Department of Pharmacology JSS College of Pharmacy JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research Mysuru 570015 India. Global Community Educational Foundation (NGCEF) 7 Peterlee Pl Hebersham NSW 2770 Australia. Division of Community Psychiatry M. S. Chellamuthu Trust and Research Foundation Madurai India. Department of Biotechnology Manonmaniam Sundaranar University Tirunelveli Tamil Nadu 627012 India. Department of Safety Chemistry and Biomedical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Engineering and Science Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Kronstad Bergen Norway. Department of Gender and Sexualities Faculty for Social Wellbeing University of Malta Room # 114 Guze Cassar Pullicino Building Msida 2080 MSD Malta. Deakin University The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT) School of Medicine Barwon Health Geelong Australia. Department of Medicine Columbia University New York NY USA. Faculty of Civil Engineering Architecture and Geodesy University of Mostar Kampus Sveučilišta Maticehrvatskeb. b 88000 Mostar Bosnia and Herzegovina. Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa

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Observation of the Gamma-Ray Binary HESS J0632+057 with the HESS, MAGIC, and VERITAS Telescopes

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ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 2021年第2期923卷

作者： Adams, C. B. Benbow, W. Brill, A. Buckley, J. H. Capasso, M. Chromey, A. J. Errando, M. Falcone, A. Farrell, K. A. Feng, Q. Finley, J. P. Foote, G. M. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Gent, A. Gillanders, G. H. Giuri, C. Gueta, O. Hanna, D. Hassan, T. Hervet, O. Holder, J. Hona, B. Humensky, T. B. Jin, W. Kaaret, P. Kertzman, M. Kieda, D. Kleiner, T. K. Krennrich, F. Kumar, S. Lang, M. J. Lundy, M. Maier, G. McGrath, C. E. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nieto, D. Nievas-Rosillo, M. O'Brien, S. Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Park, N. Patel, S. Pfrang, K. Pichel, A. Pohl, M. Prado, R. R. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Reynolds, P. T. Ribeiro, D. Roache, E. Rovero, A. C. Ryan, J. L. Santander, M. Schlenstedt, S. Sembroski, G. H. Shang, R. Tak, D. Vassiliev, V. V. Weinstein, A. Williams, D. A. Williamson, T. J. Acciari, V. A. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L. A. Engels, A. Arbet Artero, M. Asano, K. Baack, D. Babic, A. Baquero, A. de Almeida, U. Barres Barrio, J. A. Batkovic, I Becerra Gonzalez, J. Bednarek, W. Bellizzi, L. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bhattacharyya, W. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Boekenkamp, H. Bonnoli, G. Busetto, G. Bosnjak, Z. Carosi, R. Ceribella, G. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Chilingarian, A. Cikota, S. Colak, S. M. Colombo, E. Contreras, J. L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D'Amico, G. D'Elia, V Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Delgado Mendez, C. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Do Souto Espineira, E. Prester, D. Dominis Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaesser, D. Ramazani, V. Fallah Fattorini, A. Fonseca, M., V Font, L. Fruck, C. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Lopez, R. J. Garcia Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Green, J. G. Green, D. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Heckmann, L. Herrera, J. Hoang, J. Hrupec, D. Huetten, M. Inada, T. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jimenez Martinez, I Jormanainen, J. Jouvin, L. Karjalainen, M. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamastra, A. Lelas, D. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Linhoff, L. Lo Columbia Univ Phys Dept New York NY 10027 USA Ctr Astrophys Harvard & Smithsonian Cambridge MA 02138 USA Washington Univ Dept Phys St Louis MO 63130 USA Columbia Univ Barnard Coll Dept Phys & Astron New York NY 10027 USA Iowa State Univ Dept Phys & Astron Ames IA 50011 USA Penn State Univ Dept Astron & Astrophys 525 Davey Lab University Pk PA 16802 USA Univ Coll Dublin Sch Phys Dublin 4 Ireland Purdue Univ Dept Phys & Astron W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Univ Delaware Dept Phys & Astron Newark DE 19716 USA Univ Delaware Bartol Res Inst Newark DE 19716 USA Univ Minnesota Sch Phys & Astron Minneapolis MN 55455 USA Calif State Univ East Bay Dept Phys Hayward CA 94542 USA Georgia Inst Technol Sch Phys 837 State St NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA Georgia Inst Technol Ctr Relativist Astrophys 837 State St NW Atlanta GA 30332 USA Natl Univ Ireland Galway Sch Phys Univ Rd Galway Ireland DESY Platanenallee 6 D-15738 Zeuthen Germany McGill Univ Phys Dept Montreal PQ H3A 2T8 Canada Univ Calif Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA Univ Calif Santa Cruz Dept Phys Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA Univ Utah Dept Phys & Astron Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA Univ Alabama Dept Phys & Astron Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA Univ Iowa Dept Phys & Astron Van Allen Hall Iowa City IA 52242 USA DePauw Univ Dept Phys & Astron Greencastle IN 46135 USA Univ Complutense Madrid Inst Particle & Cosmos Phys E-28040 Madrid Spain Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Phys & Astron Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Queens Univ Dept Phys Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada CONICET UBA Inst Astron & Fis Espacio IAFE CC 67 Suc 28C1428ZAA Buenos Aires DF Argentina Univ Potsdam Inst Phys & Astron D-14476 Potsdam Germany Munster Technol Univ Dept Phys Sci Cork T12 P928 Ireland CTAO Saupfercheckweg 1 D-69117 Heidelberg Germany Univ La Laguna Inst Astrofis Canarias E-38200 Tenerife Spain Univ La Laguna Dept Astrofis E-38200 Tenerife Spain Univ Udine I-33100 Udine Italy Ist Nazl Fis

The results of gamma-ray observations of the binary system HESS J0632 + 057 collected during 450 hr over 15 yr, between 2004 and 2019, are presented. Data taken with the atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS at energies above 350 GeV were used together with observations at X-ray energies obtained with Swift-XRT, Chandra, XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and Suzaku. Some of these observations were accompanied by measurements of the H alpha emission line. A significant detection of the modulation of the very high-energy gamma-ray fluxes with a period of 316.7 +/- 4.4 days is reported, consistent with the period of 317.3 +/- 0.7 days obtained with a refined analysis of X-ray data. The analysis of data from four orbital cycles with dense observational coverage reveals short-timescale variability, with flux-decay timescales of less than 20 days at very high energies. Flux variations observed over a timescale of several years indicate orbit-to-orbit variability. The analysis confirms the previously reported correlation of X-ray and gamma-ray emission from the system at very high significance, but cannot find any correlation of optical H alpha parameters with fluxes at X-ray or gamma-ray energies in simultaneous observations. The key finding is that the emission of HESS J0632 + 057 in the X-ray and gamma-ray energy bands is highly variable on different timescales. The ratio of gamma-ray to X-ray flux shows the equality or even dominance of the gamma-ray energy range. This wealth of new data is interpreted taking into account the insufficient knowledge of the ephemeris of the system, and discussed in the context of results reported on other gamma-ray binary systems.

关键词： High energy astrophysics Gamma-ray sources Binary stars

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26th Annual Computational Neuroscience Meeting (CNS*2017) of the Organization for Computational Neuroscience Antwerp, Belgium, July 15-20, 2017

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BMC NEUROSCIENCE 2017年第SUPPL 1期18卷 59-59页

作者： [Anonymous] Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis IN 46032 USA Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46032 USA Department of Mathematics East Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 USA Jülich Supercomputing Centre Forschungszentrum Jülich 52425 Jülich Germany Future Systems Swiss National Supercomputing Centre 8092 Zurich Switzerland User Engagement and Support Swiss National Supercomputing Centre 6900 Lugano Switzerland Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes Aix Marseille Univ 13005 Marseille France Simulation Lab Neuroscience Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Department of Experimental Psychology Ghent University 9000 Ghent Belgium Donders Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging Radboud University 6525HR Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Otolaryngology Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA INSERM U968 Paris France Sorbonne Universités UPMC University Paris 06 UMR_S 968 Institut de la Vision Paris France CNRS UMR_7210 Paris France Department of Computer Architecture and Technology University of Granada (CITIC) Granada Spain Sorbonne Universités UPMC Univ Paris 06 INSERM CNRS Institut de la Vision Paris France Department of Adaptive Machine Systems Osaka University Osaka Japan Department of Computer Science University of Cergy-Pontoise Cergy-Pontoise France Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Charleston Charleston SC 29424 USA School of Physics Faculty of Science University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia Center of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function Australian Research Council Sydney Australia Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Saxony Lei

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Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022-2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2021

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LANCET 2024年第10440期403卷 2204-2256页

作者： Vollset, Stein Emil Ababneh, Hazim S. Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis Abbafati, Cristiana Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh Abbasian, Mohammadreza Abbastabar, Hedayat Abd Al Magied, Abdallah H. A. Abd ElHafeez, Samar Abdelkader, Atef Abdelmasseh, Michael Abd-Elsalam, Sherief Abdi, Parsa Abdollahi, Mohammad Abdoun, Meriem Abdullahi, Auwal Abebe, Mesfin Abiodun, Olumide Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abouzid, Mohamed Aboye, Girma Beressa Abreu, Lucas Guimaraes Absalan, Abdorrahim Abualruz, Hasan Abubakar, Bilyaminu Abukhadijah, Hana Jihad Jihad Addolorato, Giovanni Adekanmbi, Victor Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther Adha, Rishan Adhikary, Ripon Kumar Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adzigbli, Leticia Akua Afrashteh, Fatemeh Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Saira Agbozo, Faith Agodi, Antonella Agrawal, Anurag Agyemang-Duah, Williams Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahlstrom, Austin J. Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmad, Firdos Ahmad, Muayyad M. Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmad, Shahzaib Ahmed, Anisuddin Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Safoora Ahmed, Syed Anees Akinosoglou, Karolina Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed Akrami, Ashley E. Akter, Ema Al Awaidy, Salah Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz Al Mosa, Amjad S. Al Ta'ani, Omar Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed Alahdab, Fares Alajlani, Muaaz M. Al-Ajlouni, Yazan Alalalmeh, Samer O. Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Tahiya Alam, Zufishan Al-Amer, Rasmieh Mustafa Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Albakri, Almaza Aldhaleei, Wafa A. Aldridge, Robert W. Alemohammad, Seyedeh Yasaman Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled Ali, Abid Ali, Amjad Ali, Iman Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Rafat Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait Ali, Victor Ekoche Ali, Waad Al-Ibraheem, Akram Alicandro, Gianfranco Alif, Sheikh Mohammad Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Alla, Francois Almazan, Joseph Uy Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen Alrawashdeh, Ahmad Alrousan, Sahel Majed Al-Sabah, Salman Khalifah Alsabri, Mohammed A. Altaany, Zaid Al-Tammemi, Ala'a B. Al-Tawfiq, Jaffa Univ Washington Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Hlth Metr Sci Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Appl Math Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Sch Med Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Div Pediat Hematol Oncol Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Global Hlth Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Dept Anesthesiol & Pain Med Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg Seattle WA USA Univ Washington Henry M Jackson Sch Int Studies Seattle WA USA Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth GBD Collaborating Unit Bergen Norway Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth Dept Dis Burden Bergen Norway Massachusetts Gen Hosp Dept Radiat Oncol Boston MA USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp Dept Orthopaed Surg Boston MA USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp Dept Radiol Boston MA USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp Div Cardiol Boston MA USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp Cardiovasc Res Ctr Boston MA USA Aleta Wondo Hosp Dept Clin Governance & Qual Improvement Aleta Wondo Ethiopia Univ Roma La Sapienza Dept Jurid & Econ Studies Rome Italy Univ Roma La Sapienza Dept Publ Hlth & Infect Dis Rome Italy Univ Calif Los Angeles Doheny Eye Inst Los Angeles CA USA Univ Calif Los Angeles Radiol Dept Los Angeles CA USA Harvard Univ Dept Orthoped Surg Boston MA USA Harvard Univ TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth Boston MA USA Harvard Univ Ctr Primary Care Boston MA USA Harvard Univ Harvard Business Sch Boston MA USA Harvard Univ Div Cardiovasc Med Boston MA USA Harvard Univ Dept Hlth Policy & Oral Epidemiol Boston MA USA Harvard Univ Dept Global Hlth & Social Med Boston MA USA Harvard Univ Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr Boston MA USA Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Orthopaed Surg Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Urol Dept Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Internal Med Dept SBMU Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Psychiat Nursing & Management Dept Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Dept Med Genet Tehran

Background Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors study (GBD) and provide a reference forecast (the most likely future), and alternative scenarios assessing disease burden trajectories if selected sets of risk factors were eliminated from current levels by 2050. Methods Using forecasts of major drivers of health such as the Socio-demographic Index (SDI;a composite measure of lag-distributed income per capita, mean years of education, and total fertility under 25 years of age) and the full set of risk factor exposures captured by GBD, we provide cause-specific forecasts of mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by age and sex from 2022 to 2050 for 204 countries and territories, 21 GBD regions, seven super-regions, and the world. All analyses were done at the cause-specific level so that only risk factors deemed causal by the GBD comparative risk assessment influenced future trajectories of mortality for each disease. Cause-specific mortality was modelled using mixed-effects models with SDI and time as the main covariates, and the combined impact of causal risk factors as an offset in the model. At the all-cause mortality level, we captured unexplained variation by modelling residuals with an autoregressive integrated moving average model with drift attenuation. These all-cause forecasts constrained the cause-specific forecasts at successively deeper levels of the GBD cause hierarchy using cascading mortality models, thus ensuring a robust estimate of cause-specific mortality. For non-fatal measures (eg, low back pain), incidence and prevalence were forecasted from mixed-effects mode

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