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Product system Families at Rolls-Royce: A Case Study in Enterprise Transformation

INCOSE International Symposium 2016年第1期26卷 966-981页

作者： Holt, Jonathan Brown, David Walker, Andy System Architecture Specialist Rolls-Royce plc PO Box 31 Moor Lane DerbyDE24 8BJ United Kingdom Design Specialist Rolls-Royce plc PO Box 31 Moor Lane DerbyDE24 8BJ United Kingdom Formerly Chief Design Engineer System Architectures Rolls-Royce plc PO Box 31 Moor Lane DerbyDE24 8BJ United Kingdom

This case study describes the initial stages of Product system Families, a project to develop generic, reusable system design artefacts applicable to the complex systems with which Rolls-Royce equips its aerospace products. Using the example of a gas turbine tip clearance control system, the system thinking behind Product system Families is outlined and the development of the generic artefacts themselves is described, together with the challenges of developing them within the fast-moving, complex enterprise that is Rolls-Royce's engineering function. The ultimate aim is to have much of the product design captured in a series of ‘house styles’ which represent the most advanced, optimized solution and can then be customized quickly and cost-effectively to specific customer needs. Copyright © 2016 by Rolls-Royce. Published and used by INCOSE with permission.

关键词： systems thinking

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Influence of residential environment on residents’ health promotion

Influence of residential environment on residents’ health p...

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Healthy Buildings Europe 2015, HB 2015

作者： Kawakubo, Shun Ikaga, Toshiharu Murakami, Shuzo Hoshi, Tanji Ando, Shintaro Department of Architecture Faculty of Engineering and Design Hosei University Tokyo Japan Department of System Design Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama Japan Institute for Building Environment and Energy Conservation Tokyo Japan Division of Architecture and Urban Studies Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Department of Architecture Faculty of Environmental Engineering University of Kitakyushu Kitakyushu Japan

Housing plays a critical role in human life, and the establishment of a residential environment that promotes the health of its residents is a pressing issue. Numerous studies on housing have been previously conducted in this social context;however, only a few have considered the comprehensive health risk due to the overall residential environment. In the present study, therefore, a large-scale nationwide self-rated questionnaire survey was conducted to examine the residential environment of detached houses and its impact on residents’ health status. A tool used in the Comprehensive Assessment system for Built Environment Efficiency (CASBEE), namely, the CASBEE Health Checklist, was distributed to various detached houses throughout Japan to assess the overall residential environment. The CASBEE Health Checklist covers residential environmental elements concerning thermal environment, acoustic environment, light environment, hygiene, safety, and security. Respondents were also asked about their current health status and that of family members. The questionnaire results were cross-tabulated, and odds ratios and significance probabilities (Fisher's exact test) were calculated. Results showed that the overall residential environment was likely an important determinant of health and was associated with prevalence of certain chronic diseases among residents. Odds ratios tended to be less than 1.0 in all cases, indicating that low disease prevalence was associated with a good residential environment. © 2015 International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Health

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Memory fast-forward: A low cost special function unit to enhance energy efficiency in GPU for big data processing 15

Memory fast-forward: A low cost special function unit to enh...

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design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition

作者： Eunhyeok Park Junwhan Ahn Sungpack Hong Sungjoo Yoo Sunggu Lee Embedded System Architecture Lab POSTECH Design Automation Lab Seoul National University Oracle Labs

ISBN: (纸本)9783981537048

Big data processing, e.g., graph computation and MapReduce, is characterized by massive parallelism in computation and a large amount of fine-grained random memory accesses often with structural localities due to graph-like data dependency. Recently, GPU is gaining more and more attention for servers due to its capability of parallel computation. However, the current GPU architecture is not well suited to big data workloads due to the limited capability of handling a large number of memory requests. In this paper, we present a special function unit, called memory fast-forward (MFF) unit, to address this problem. Our proposed MFF unit provides two key functions. First, it supports pointer chasing which enables computation threads to issue as many memory requests as possible to increase the potential of coalescing memory requests. Second, it coalesces memory requests bound for the same cache block, often due to structural locality, thereby reducing memory traffics. Both pointer chasing and memory request coalescing contribute to reducing memory stall time as well as improving the real utilization of memory bandwidth, by removing duplicate memory traffics, thereby improving performance and energy efficiency. Our experiments with graph computation algorithms and real graphs show that the proposed MFF unit can improve the energy efficiency of GPU in graph computation by average 54.6% at a negligible area cost.

关键词： Graphics processing units Instruction sets Registers Memory management Arrays Big data

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An analysis of a layered system architecture for autonomous construction vehicles

An analysis of a layered system architecture for autonomous ...

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Annual IEEE systems Conference

作者： Sara Dersten Jakob Axelsson Joakim Fröberg System Architecture & Common Systems Volvo Construction Equipment Eskilstuna Sweden School of Innovation Design and Engineering Mälardalen University Västerås Sweden

It has been suggested in the literature to organize software in autonomous vehicles as hierarchical layers where each layer makes its own decisions based on its own world model. This paper presents two alternative designs for autonomous construction vehicles based on the layered framework 4D/RCS. As a first step, the typical use cases for these vehicles were defined. Then one use case for a hauler was traversed through the two alternatives to see how they supported safety, flexibility and the use of a product platform. We found that the coordination between bucket control and motion control must be done at a low level in the hierarchy and that the relationship between the vehicle actuators and the built-in autonomous system is important for how the software is organized.

关键词： Vehicles Computer architecture Asphalt Companies Software Actuators

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Comparison of Two Water Treatment Processes with Activated Aluminum Oxide

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第11期7卷 843-850页

作者： Junling Wang Xueming Wang Cuimin Feng Sheng Wei Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment (Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture) Ministry of Education Beijing China Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing China

We focused on the need for the phosphorus removal in water plant process. As for surface water plant, the enhancement of phosphorus removal in purification process can raise the biological stability of effluent potable water. This study conducted the effect of two water treatment processes for phosphorus removal, including the PAC + AAL (the treatment process using poly aluminum chloride and activated aluminum oxide) and PFS + AAL (the treatment process using poly ferric sulfate and activated aluminum oxide). The aim is to use the adsorption capacity of activated aluminum oxide to increase the removal of phosphorus in filtration process. The result showed that the two processes both can remove the phosphorus concentration to reach below 10 μg/L, and the PAC + AAL is the better process.

关键词： Poly Aluminum Chloride Poly Ferric Sulfate Activated Aluminum Oxide Phosphorus Removal Surface Water

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A real-time large-volume content delivery system using globally distributed storage

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Journal of the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology 2015年第2期62卷 101-111页

作者： Ogura, Tsuyoshi Kaneko, Kunitake Kitamura, Masahiko Kimiyama, Hiroyuki Fujii, Tatsuya Takahara, Atsushi Media Processing Systems Research Group Media Innovation Laboratory NTT Network Innovation Laboratories Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Application Oriented Networking Network Architecture Japan NTT Network Innovation Laboratories Network Virutalizations System Design Method Resillient System Japan

We are studying the method of developing a platform that delivers large-volume contents efficiently in a many-to-one transmission style, by combining network virtualization technology and the handling of LDGM error correction code. This paper describes its key technologies such as packet routing by using multiple virtual networks, data transmission using redundancy coding, and evaluation of communication qualities, and shows their current outcomes.

关键词： Error correction

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A two-dimensional integrated channel model for train-ground communications

A two-dimensional integrated channel model for train-ground ...

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21st International Conference on Telecommunications, ICT 2014

作者： Min, Zhao Muqing, Wu Qian, Hu Shiping, Di Panfeng, Zhou Xiangbing, Zeng Shuyun, Ge Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China Design Section of Communication CRSCD Bejing 100073 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479951413

The increasing interest drawn to LTE system requires the analysis of train-ground communication channel. By the approval of the Ministry of Railways of China, extensive and practical measurements are performed on Harbin-Dalian railway with a speed up to 370 km/h. Both large-scale and small-scale fading characteristics are specified. Firstly, path loss and shadowing effect are evaluated based on the hierarchical two-hop network structure. Compared with classical models, the proposed channel model is more applicable in the special viaduct scenarios. Channel characteristics, such as channel impulse response, power delay profile, K-factor, delay spread and Doppler spectrum are parameterized and reported. The in-depth analysis of these statistical channel data is from the perspectives of geographical position and relative antenna height. In particular, a new stage-wise K-factor model is investigated and developed. Combined with the cumulative distribution function of the RMS delay spread and the number of paths, they illustrate the distance-dependent and antenna height-dependent variances of the channel. Finally, the two-dimensional integrated channel models are first proposed to give a comprehensive description of broadband mobile channel in high-speed railway scenario. All these informative results promote the evaluation and verification of broadband communication system on High-Speed Railway. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Antennas

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Disabled persons as lead users in product innovation: A literature overview 10

Disabled persons as lead users in product innovation: A lite...

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10th Biannual Norddesign Conference, Norddesign 2014

作者： Conradie, Peter De Couvreur, Lieven Saldien, Jelle De Marez, Lieven Department of Industrial System and Product Design Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Ghent University Belgium Department of Communication Sciences IMinds-MICT Ghent University Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781904670582

Lead users can be a valuable source for innovation. They are capable of detecting and experiencing needs before the general market does, and are willing to innovate because they can gain significant benefits if their needs are fulfilled. Several authors have highlighted the use of disabled persons, framed as lead users, to foster innovation in new product development. In this article, we review 18 cases where disabled users are framed as lead users, identifying common characteristics within these cases. The characteristics include the product categories where disabled lead user innovation occurs and how lead users were involved in these cases. Additionally, we look at the selection process of disabled lead users and how this relates to the classic approach of lead user innovation. Finally, we propose further opportunities for lead user innovation using disabled persons, and the challenges facing research in this domain.

关键词： Disabled persons

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Variability management in product lines of safety critical embedded systems

Variability management in product lines of safety critical e...

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2014 International Conference on Embedded systems, ICES 2014

作者： Baumgart, Stephan Zhang, Xiaodi Froberg, Joakim Punnekkat, Sasikumar EandE System Architecture Department Volvo Construction Equipment Eskilstuna Sweden School of Innovation Design and Engineering Mälardalen University Västerås Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781479950263

The product line engineering approach is a promising concept to identify and manage reuse in a structured and efficient way and is even applied for the development of safety critical embedded systems. Managing the complexity of variability and addressing functional safety at the same time is challenging and is not yet solved. Variability management is an enabler to both establish traceability and making necessary information visible for safety engineers. We identify a set of requirements for such a method and evaluate existing variability management methods. We apply the most promising method to an industrial case and study its suitability for developing safety critical product family members. This study provides positive feedback on the potential of the model-based method PLUS in supporting the development of functional safety critical embedded systems in product lines. As a result of our analysis we suggest potential improvements for it. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Embedded systems

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Evaluation framework for m-learning systems: Current situation and proposal 14

Evaluation framework for m-learning systems: Current situati...

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15th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction, INTERACCION 2014

作者： Cota, Christian Xavier Navarro Díaz, Ana Isabel Molina Duque, Miguel Ángel Redondo Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Design Autonomous University of Baja California Ensenada Mexico Department of Technologies and Information System University of Castilla-La Mancha Ciudad Real Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781450328807

This paper presents the analysis of recent research on mobile learning and usability areas, applying a systematic mapping study. It also presents the main focus adopted by each publication, the types of mobile device and operative systems. The aim is also to understand the tendencies and needs in the fields of design and evaluation of the m-learning systems. Results demonstrate that research in the area has had a large growth since the 2012, and due to the recent boom of mobile devices in education, we believe that the number of studies will continue to grow in the following years. Also we identify a necessity when we see that not all the mlearning applications have used usability tests, we did not find guidelines or frameworks to evaluate them either. With this results and tendencies, we propose the creation of a model that evaluates the m-learning applications during the development stages, considering educational factors, usability and student experience, to improve the quality in use and to improve the student experience when using mobile learning. Copyright 2014 ACM.

关键词： Learning systems

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