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Proceedings of the International Convention MIPRO

作者： Michael Schreiber Emil Delic Ali Hayek Josef Börcsök Institute for Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

In this paper, a concept for a SIL3 middleware implementing safety-related aspects is proposed. The middleware is intended to be used by applications that are written for a recently developed safety system-on-chip. Each module implements a low-level driver. Each driver represents a specific functionality of the system-on-chip. Once being certified conforming to IEC 61508, the middleware would enable writing safety-related applications aimed at SIL3 almost as straightforward as non-safety-related applications. A multi-core SIL3 architecture for safety-related applications is explained. In addition, possible issues that can arise during the software development are identified. Furthermore, conformance arguments on meeting SIL3 are depicted.

关键词： Middleware system-on-chip Safety IEC standards Certification Computer languages

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Safety chips in light of the standard IEC 61508: Survey and analysis

Safety chips in light of the standard IEC 61508: Survey and ...

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International Symposium on Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering (ISFEE)

作者： A. Hayek J. Börcsök Institute for Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel GERMANY

With the release of the second edition of the standard IEC 61508 for functional safety of electrical, electronic and programmable electronic systems, a set of methodologies and implementation techniques was presented, which allows the realization and certification of safety-related solutions with on-chip redundancy. In a broader context, the standard ISO 26262 offers similar methodologies for safety solutions for automotive applications. The main focus of the research work of our institute is laid on the development and certification of safety-chips according to the standard IEC 61508. Together with an industrial partner, we are developing chip-based safety-related solutions for several industrial applications. In the same context, several semiconductor manufacturers addressed the development of such solutions in the last years, mainly with the focus on automotive applications. The present paper provides an overview of existing and planned safety chip architectures. Furthermore, a cursory analysis of the presented safety-chips is carried out with respect to the standard IEC 61508. A deep qualitative and quantitative analysis require experiments and simulations which will be carried out in future work.

关键词： Safety IEC standards ISO standards Monitoring Computer architecture Software

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Determination of bit error and residual error rates for safety critical communication

Determination of bit error and residual error rates for safe...

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2nd International Conference on systems, ICONS 2007

作者： Börcsök, J. Hannen, H.-T. HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH + Co. KG Albert-Bassermann-Str. 28 68782 Brühl Germany Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

The probability of failure rate and error rate are important indicators for the assessment of applications for high-speed communication systems. The paper presents causes of faults and theoretical and practical method... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0769528074

关键词： Bit error rate

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Development of safety related systems

Development of safety related systems

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International Forum on Strategic Technology, IFOST

作者： Josef Burcsuk Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424435890

The international standard IEC/61508 provides the developer with guidelines for the design and implementation of safety related systems according to this standard. This standard states qualitative and quantitative criteria in order to judge a safety related system in such a way that safety critical applications can be implemented. This paper details a quantitative criterion which is the probability of failure on low demand, known as PFD. After an introduction into this topic, the principle steps to calculate the probability of failure with the help of reliability block diagrams for different hardware architecture will be detailed and presented. The PFD-equations will be derived for a 1oo1 architecture with the help of MacLaurin series.

关键词： IEC standards Software safety Phase frequency detector Standards development Hardware Guidelines Probability Software standards Maintenance Electrical safety

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Towards grid-aware time warp 04

Towards grid-aware time warp

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Workshop on Principles of Advanced and Distributed Simulation (PADS)

作者： K.A. Iskra G.D. van Albada P.M.A. Sloot Computing System Architecture and Programming Laboratory Universiteit van Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780769521114

We study the adaptation of an optimistic time warp kernel to cross-cluster computing on the grid. Wide area communication, the primary source of overhead, is off-loaded onto dedicated routing processes. This allows the simulation processes to run at full speed and it thus significantly decreases the performance gap caused by the wide area distribution. Further improvements are obtained by employing message aggregation on the wide area links. We achieve many of our objectives for lazy cancellation and moderate communication, but high communication rates with aggressive cancellation remains a challenge.

关键词： Grid computing Kernel Routing Computational modeling Discrete event simulation Distributed computing Delay Computer architecture Laboratories Electronic mail

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Optics in computer architectures: Basis of WDM, technologies and potentials

Optics in computer architectures: Basis of WDM, technologies...

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2nd International Conference on systems, ICONS 2007

作者： Wang, Y. Kusserrow, T. Irmer, S. Hasse, A. Bartels, M. Dharmarasu, N. Hillmer, H. Börcsök, J. Mikami, O. University of Kassel Kassel Germany Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Germany Department of Information Telecommunication and Electronics School of Information Science and Technology Tokai University Hiratsuka-shi Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0769528074

We present novel concepts, technologies and potentials of optical data communication, especially for future computer architectures. The WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) and the optical wiring technologies are explained in detail. Experimental results of tunable optical filters, which play a major role in WDM systems, are reported. New concepts for novel optical interconnectors and novel miniaturized lasers for direct generation of green light are proposed as examples for possible next generation components to improve the performance of optical communication based computer architecture. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Computer architecture

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SoC approach for low cost and low power consumption based on ARM Cortex M3 according to ISO 26262

SoC approach for low cost and low power consumption based on...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Muhammad Ikram Hafiz Mohamed Abdelawwad Waldemar Müller Eike Hahn Josef Börcsök ICAS Institute for Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665414937;9781665430579

The next milestone in the automotive industry is to achieve the complete autonomous driving capability. This demands high performance computing controllers and a larger number of Electronic Controller Units (ECUs) for realizing this goal. Also, the current shift towards electric cars where the battery capacity is limited, urges for new efficient approaches. Therefore, developing compact, miniaturized integrated controller that encompasses all the features is essential for minimizing the power consumption. At the same time, this approach of ECUs must also ensure the cost efficiency. To address and handle this need, the reduction in the ECUs numbers is necessary to reduce the cost factor but at the same time not compromising on the functionalities. Therefore, the approach of integrating these individual features in a single ECU is a promising way forward, i.e., system-on-Chip (SoC). To design and implement such an SoC for the automotive industry that ensures the safe operation of the controlled functions, it must follow a particular development criterion according to the ISO 26262 - functional safety of the road vehicles. This work focuses on the development of an SoC according to the ISO 26262 standard based on ARM Cortex M3 architecture which is an attractive candidate due to its low cost and low power consumption.

关键词： Industries Power demand ISO Standards Redundancy Layout Routing Safety

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Safe-system-on-Chip for Functional Safety

Safe-System-on-Chip for Functional Safety

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on systems, Signals and Devices

作者： Josef Börcsök Waldemar Müller Eike Hahn Michael Schwarz Mohamed Abdelawwad ICAS Institute for Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

Various research institutions and semiconductor manufacturers have presented approaches for miniaturized safety systems based on redundant configurations in the last years. ICAS has been working on approaches for Safety systems on Chip (SoC) since 2005 and has developed several certified variants of safety SoCs in this context together with well-known safety manufacturers. In parallel, the further development of the architecture of safety SoCs was also driven forward and manifested with the ReSCU-V1 in 2018. A logical consequence is the development of the ReSCU-V2, with which further architectural developments of the safe SoC design at ICAS in Kassel have succeeded with a practically completely redundant architecture. The resulting SoC was realized on a 180 nm process from UMC. It has a chip size of 5×5 mm and consumes less than 500 mW of power.

关键词： Connectors ISO Standards Ethernet Safety system-on-chip Mechanical engineering Chip scale packaging

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Concepts of safety networks in industries - Part II

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WSEAS Transactions on Communications 2006年第8期5卷 1414-1419页

作者： Börcsök, Josef Ugljesa, E. Holub, P. Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Wilhelmshöher Allee 73 34121 Kassel Germany

This paper is the second part of concepts of safety networks in industries. In the first part the requirements and specifications were detailed to be considered and fulfilled to design safety bus systems. The second part introduces data integrity in more detail and compares mathematically different architectures of safety-bus-systems.

关键词： Accident prevention

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Concepts of safety networks in industries

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WSEAS Transactions on Communications 2006年第8期5卷 1407-1413页

作者： Börcsök, Josef Schwarz, Michael H. Holub, P. Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Wilhelmshöher Allee 73 34121 Kassel Germany

This paper details the needs, demands and specifications to be incorporated and satisfied to design safety bus systems for modern industries. Distributed control systems in industries are connected via bus systems, and need efficient and uninterrupted communication between all bus stations. Therefore, it is compulsory that these communications are fault tolerant and safe. For safety related systems, further safety layers are mandatory to perform these requirements. In a safety related application it is important that the safe protocol alone is not able to achieve this task without a safety source node at one end and a safe destination node at the other. Only the combination between safety related protocol and safety related hardware nodes can accomplish the requirements for safety related networks systems.

关键词： Accident prevention

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