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Advances of OPC client server architectures for maintenance strategies - A research and development area not only for industries

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WSEAS Transactions on systems and Control 2008年第3期3卷 195-207页

作者： Schwarz, M.H. Boercsoek, J. University of Kassel Department of Computer-architecture and System-programming Wilhelmshoeher Allee 34121 Kassel Germany HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH + Co KG Albert-Bassermann-Str. 28 68782 Brühl Germany

OPC is a matured and accepted standard in industries, but hardly used in industrial applications developed at universities, especially in Europe. Publications in this area, either using OPC-communication or developing applications have been hardly increased over the past several years. This paper reports the current state of the standard, but also describes current problems and how they can be managed and overcome. The authors also give an overview of the recently published new standard, which is called: OPC unified approach. After the fundamentals are described in this paper, the authors present their experiences with OPC to combine it with methods and procedures to develop a modern maintenance system. It also reports current developments at the Department of Computer architecture and system programming at the University of Kassel.

关键词： Industrial research

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Control of Autonomous Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Subject to Sudden Load Variations

Control of Autonomous Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Subject to Sudd...

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2008 IEEE/PES Transmission & Distribution Conference & Exposition, part 1

作者： Dong-Jing Lee Li Wang Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Chair for Computer Architecture and System Programming National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

This paper presents dynamic behaviors of autonomous solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) with AC bus control. Both voltage and frequency control are utilized to achieve load-sharing of the studied SOFC feeding isolated loads. A DC-to-DC converter is connected to the output terminals of the studied SOFC for stabilizing output voltage and current fluctuations under different loading conditions. The PWM inverter connected to the output terminals of the DC-to-DC converter is operated under voltage-controlled mode to regulate the voltage profile across the connected loads. It can be concluded from the simulation results that the proposed voltage and frequency droop controllers of the PWM inverter may operate satisfactory under stand-alone mode.

关键词： Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) DC-to-DC converter PWM inverter Stand-alone mode

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Redundant optical data transmission using semiconductor lasers

Redundant optical data transmission using semiconductor lase...

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ACS/IEEE International Conference on Computer systems and Applications

作者： H. D. Wacker J. Borcsok H. Hillmer Development HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH + Co KG Bruehl GERMANY Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Chair for Computer Architecture and System Programming Kassel GERMANY University of Kassel Institute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT) Kassel GERMANY

This paper is dealing with redundant optoelectronic data transmission with special respect to laser channels. The concept of the generalized erasure channel (GEC) is used to determine the probability of undetected error for some binary symmetric and non-symmetric channels protected by appropriate codes. In detail, communication via different binary symmetric channels (BSCs), generalized erasure channels and symmetrized binary non symmetric channels (BNSCs) is investigated. Simple upper bounds are given, relating the new formulas to that one of the BSC Finally the results in connection with an inequality for proper codes are applied to multi wavelength optical transmission through channels generated by semiconductor lasers.

关键词： Data communication Semiconductor lasers Error probability Optical transmitters Protection Safety Wavelength division multiplexing Laser theory Upper bound Linear code

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Software development for safety-related systems

Software development for safety-related systems

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2nd International Conference on systems, ICONS 2007

作者： Börcsök, Josef Schaefer, Sebastian Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel

ISBN: (纸本)0769528074

Safety-related systems mostly comprise hardware and software solutions. Due to the increasing application of complex hardware and software systems, the software systems have to be considered regarding safety as well as hardware systems. The development of a safety-related software system is similar to the development of a safety-related hardware systems. But there are still no generally accepted methods for developing safety-critical software. One has to use the methods, which fit best to the actual requirements. However, the calculation of reliability and availability for safety-related software systems is far more complex. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Safety engineering

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Calculation of PFD-values for a safety related system

Calculation of PFD-values for a safety related system

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European Safety and Reliability Conference 2007, ESREL 2007 - Risk, Reliability and Societal Safety

作者： Börcsök, J. Holub, P. Schwarz, M.H. Dang Pham, N.T. HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH + Co. KG Brühl Germany Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0415447860

The standard IEC/EN61508 provides the developer with guidelines to develop and implement safety related systems according to the international standard. The standard supplies qualitative and quantitative criteria to evaluate safety related systems, in order to apply it in safety critical applications. This paper details the criterion Probability of Failure on Demand (PFD). The authors derive the necessary equations and calculate the PFD-values for different system architectures. © 2007 Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Safety engineering

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Estimation and Evaluation of Common Cause Failures

Estimation and Evaluation of Common Cause Failures

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ICONS International Conference on systems

作者： J. Borcsok S. Schaefer E. Ugljesa Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

Success of many modern applications is highly dependent on the correct functioning of complex computer based systems. In some cases, failures in these systems may cause serious consequences in terms of loss of human life. systems in which failure could endanger human life are termed safety-critical. The SIS (safety instrumented system) should be designed to meet the required safety integrity level as defined in the safety requirement specification (safety requirement allocation). Moreover, the SIS design should be performed in a way that minimizes the potential for common mode or common cause failures (CCF). A CCF occurs when a single fault result in the corresponding failure of multiple components. Thus, CCFs can result in the SIS failing to function when there is a process demand. Consequently, CCFs have to be identified during the design process and the potential impact on the SIS functionality have to be understood. This paper gives details about the estimation and evaluation of common failures and assesses a loo2 system. It is a survey paper that presents the newest developments in common cause failure analysis.

关键词： Redundancy Safety Hardware Failure analysis Fault tolerant systems Computer architecture Functional programming Humans Reliability engineering Application software

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Software development for safety-related systems

Software development for safety-related systems

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ICONS International Conference on systems

作者： Josef Borcsok Sebastian Schaefer Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Germany

关键词： programming Software safety Software systems Hardware Software testing Software design Application software Object oriented modeling Computer architecture Documentation

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Determination of bit error and residual error rates for safety critical communication

Determination of bit error and residual error rates for safe...

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2nd International Conference on systems, ICONS 2007

作者： Börcsök, J. Hannen, H.-T. HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH + Co. KG Albert-Bassermann-Str. 28 68782 Brühl Germany Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

The probability of failure rate and error rate are important indicators for the assessment of applications for high-speed communication systems. The paper presents causes of faults and theoretical and practical method... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0769528074

关键词： Bit error rate

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Development of safety related systems

Development of safety related systems

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International Forum on Strategic Technology, IFOST

作者： Josef Burcsuk Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424435890

The international standard IEC/61508 provides the developer with guidelines for the design and implementation of safety related systems according to this standard. This standard states qualitative and quantitative criteria in order to judge a safety related system in such a way that safety critical applications can be implemented. This paper details a quantitative criterion which is the probability of failure on low demand, known as PFD. After an introduction into this topic, the principle steps to calculate the probability of failure with the help of reliability block diagrams for different hardware architecture will be detailed and presented. The PFD-equations will be derived for a 1oo1 architecture with the help of MacLaurin series.

关键词： IEC standards Software safety Phase frequency detector Standards development Hardware Guidelines Probability Software standards Maintenance Electrical safety

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Optics in computer architectures: Basis of WDM, technologies and potentials

Optics in computer architectures: Basis of WDM, technologies...

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2nd International Conference on systems, ICONS 2007

作者： Wang, Y. Kusserrow, T. Irmer, S. Hasse, A. Bartels, M. Dharmarasu, N. Hillmer, H. Börcsök, J. Mikami, O. University of Kassel Kassel Germany Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Germany Department of Information Telecommunication and Electronics School of Information Science and Technology Tokai University Hiratsuka-shi Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0769528074

We present novel concepts, technologies and potentials of optical data communication, especially for future computer architectures. The WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) and the optical wiring technologies are explained in detail. Experimental results of tunable optical filters, which play a major role in WDM systems, are reported. New concepts for novel optical interconnectors and novel miniaturized lasers for direct generation of green light are proposed as examples for possible next generation components to improve the performance of optical communication based computer architecture. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Computer architecture

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