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Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to Execute Water Conservation Design for Hillsides

SENSORS AND MATERIALS 2019年第1期31卷 221-232页

作者： Hsu, Wei-Ling Jhuang, Ji-Yun Chen, Yi-Sian Shiau, Yan-Chyuan Chern, Tian-Yow Huaiyin Normal Univ Sch Urban & Environm Sci Huaian Key Lab Geog Informat Technol & Applicat 111 ChangJang West Rd Huaian City 223300 Jiangsu Peoples R China Chung Hua Univ PhD Program Technol Management 707 WuFu RdSect 2 Hsinchu 30012 Taiwan Chung Hua Univ Dept Civil Engn 707 WuFu RdSect 2 Hsinchu 30012 Taiwan Chung Hua Univ Dept Landscape Architecture 707 WuFu RdSect 2 Hsinchu 30012 Taiwan Chung Hua Univ Dept Architecture & Urban Planning 707 WuFu RdSect 2 Hsinchu 30012 Taiwan

The applications of remote sensing technology and aerial photography using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have facilitated the development of large-scale land environment-monitoring technology. When design units arc involved in water and soil conservation projects, engineering personnel must take valuable instruments to valleys and streams for mapping purposes;however, obtaining effective and accurate worksite information is challenging. In this study, a remote-controlled helicopter equipped with a digital camera was used to take photographs of riverside slopes that are unreachable by land. Three-dimensional (3D) models of rivers and mountain slopes were constructed through software computation. The results of this study thus provide references for design projects and show how inaccessibility problems, caused by factors such as a difficult terrain, can be solved, thereby avoiding disasters that can occur when surveying dangerous areas. The method effectively saves labor and time to ensure that hillside-related projects can be completed on schedule.

关键词： water and soil conservation UAV 3D models hillsides digital camera

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Spatial distributions and use patterns of user groups in urban forest parks: An examination utilizing GPS tracker

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urban FORESTRY & urban GREENING 2018年 35卷 32-44页

作者： Zhai, Yujia Baran, Perver Korca Wu, Chengzhao Tongji Univ Coll Architecture & Urban Planning Big Data & Urban Spatial Analyt LAB 1239 Siping Rd Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China North Carolina State Univ Coll Nat Resources Ctr Geospatial Analyt PhD Design ProgramColl Design Raleigh NC 27695 USA Tongji Univ Coll Architecture & Urban Planning Key Lab Ecol & Energy Saving High Dens Human Sett 1239 Siping Rd Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

Understanding the spatial distributions of visitors is critical for urban forest park planning and management. Utilizing GPS trackers and a survey, this study focuses on two large urban forest parks in Shanghai to identify the main user groups and explore their use patterns, spatial distribution patterns, and preferred park settings. Valid data of 304 users' movement and spatial location were collected using GPS trackers with a 10-second interval. The results indicate that Chinese users usually visit urban forest parks in small groups with families and friends. The three major user groups are those come to play with children, have contact with nature and relax, and get together with families and friends. The average nearest neighbor and standard deviational ellipse analyses indicate that users who come to have contact with nature and relax engage in more vigorous activities, are spatially more dispersed and explore larger areas of forest parks. Logistic regression and hotspot analyses suggest that users who come to play with children and get together with families and friends prefer to stay in areas that can accommodate group activities, such as amusement areas, lawns, and barbeque sites. Points of interest in the park tend to attract users who want to have contact with nature and relax. Findings of the study provides empirical evidence on the associations between users' motivations and their spatial distribution patterns in urban forest park, which has direct implications to park planning and design. In practice, designers may provide preferred park settings and spacious activity zones to accommodate group activities, and disperse park features preferred by different user groups to avoid potential conflicts between visitors with social-oriented and nature-oriented motivations. The study is unique in that it proposes an objective approach to analyze users' movement in nature recreation area using GPS data and spatial statistics techniques.

关键词： urban forest park User group Spatial distribution Preferred park setting GPS tracker China

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Can trail spatial attributes predict trail use level in urban forest park? An examination integrating GPS data and space syntax theory

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urban FORESTRY & urban GREENING 2018年 29卷 171-182页

作者： Zhai, Yujia Baran, Perver Korca Wu, Chengzhao Tongji Univ Coll Architecture & Urban Planning Big Data & Urban Spatial Analyt LAB 1239 Siping Rd Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China North Carolina State Univ Ctr Geospatial Analyt Coll Nat Resources PhD Design ProgramColl Design Raleigh NC 27695 USA Tongji Univ Coll Architecture & Urban Planning Key Lab Ecol & Energy Saving High Dens Human Sett 1239 Siping Rd Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China

Understanding users' spatial distribution in forest park is crucial for providing visitors with quality recreation experiences and for park planning and management. Utilizing users' spatial distribution data, this study aims at investigating associations between trail use level and trail spatial attributes, through examining two large urban forest parks (Gongqing forest park and Paotaiwan forest park) in Shanghai, China. Users' spatial distribution was measured utilizing GPS trackers with the interval of 10 seconds. This study conceptualizes trail spatial attributes as trail metric attributes and trail configurational attributes. Trail metric attributes include trail mean distance to gates, length, width and level of enclosure, which are calculated based on park map and on-site observation. We computed trail configurational attributes utilizing space syntax theory, which comprise measures of global integration, control, and connectivity. Trail connection with features/facilities, visual connection with water and shading are included as covariate variables. In total, we obtained 134 valid samples in Gongqing forest park and 210 valid samples in Paotaiwan forest park for analysis. Multivariate regression analyses indicate that when involving covariate variables, consistently in both parks, a greater trail usage is significantly related to trail shorter mean distance to park gate, trail width wider than 3 meters, higher global integration and higher control values. Collectively, these four trail spatial attributes explained 31.7 % (p < 0.001) and 27.3 % (p < 0.001) of the variances in trail use level in Gongqing forest park and Paotaiwan forest park. These findings provide direct implications to park designers and managers for providing visitors with different desirable social conditions, and ultimately improve users' experiences and satisfactions.

关键词： urban forest park Trail Use level Spatial attributes GPS Space syntax theory

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urban park pathway design characteristics and senior walking behavior

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urban FORESTRY & urban GREENING 2017年 21卷 60-73页

作者： Zhai, Yujia Baran, Perver Korca Tongji Univ Big Data & Urban Spatial Analyt LAB Coll Architecture & Urban Planning 1239 Siping Rd Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China 1239 Siping Rd Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China North Carolina State Univ Coll Design Ctr Geospatial Analyt Coll Nat ResourcesPhD Design Program Raleigh NC USA Box 7106 Jordan Hall Raleigh NC 27695 USA

urban parks are easily available settings for seniors to engage in daily physical activity. As a type of low-cost physical activity, walking can bring seniors multiple health benefits. Among all park facilities, park pathways are most significantly related to physical activity. The present study examined the links between specific park pathway design characteristics and senior walking within urban park, through observations and interviews. This study was conducted in two neighborhood parks in Beijing, China. On-site observations were utilized to collect data on senior walking behavior (dependent variable) and pathway design characteristics (independent variable). We calculated the average number of observed seniors in all observations to represent usage of each pathway segment. Interviews were conducted to explore pathway design characteristics preferred and disliked by senior users. ANOVA analyses and correlation analyses revealed that seniors prefer pathways that have soft or even pavement (plastic track and bricks), benches, flowers, and light fixtures. Also, seniors are attracted to pathways that are long, between 3-3.9 meters wide, and without connection with activity zones. In addition, results suggest other pathway design characteristics, such as being along a water body, having shade, providing lateral visibility and visual connection with water, and without visual connection with landmarks may also encourage senior walking. By providing park pathways preferred by seniors, designers can create park environments that are supportive of senior walking, and ultimately contribute to improving senior health and life quality. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

关键词： Design characteristics Pathway Seniors urban park Walking

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Transforming knowledge systems for life on Earth: Visions of future systems and how to get there

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ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE 2020年 70卷

作者： Fazey, Ioan Schapke, Niko Caniglia, Guido Hodgson, Anthony Kendrick, Ian Lyon, Christopher Page, Glenn Patterson, James Riedy, Chris Strasser, Tim Verveen, Stephan Adams, David Goldstein, Bruce Klaes, Matthias Leicester, Graham Linyard, Alison McCurdy, Adrienne Ryan, Paul Sharpe, Bill Silvestri, Giorgia Abdurrahim, Ali Yansyah Abson, David Adetunji, Olufemi Samson Aldunce, Paulina Alvarez-Pereira, Carlos Amparo, Jennifer Marie Amundsen, Helene Anderson, Lakin Andersson, Lotta Asquith, Michael Augenstein, Karoline Barrie, Jack Bent, David Bentz, Julia Bergsten, Arvid Berzonsky, Carol Bina, Olivia Blackstock, Kirsty Boehnert, Joanna Bradbury, Hilary Brand, Christine Bohme, Jessica Bojer, Marianne Mille Carmen, Esther Charli-Joseph, Lakshmi Choudhury, Sarah Chunhachoti-ananta, Supot Cockburn, Jessica Colvin, John Connon, Irena L. C. Cornforth, Rosalind Cox, Robin S. Cradock-Henry, Nicholas Cramer, Laura Cremaschi, Almendra Dannevig, Halvor Day, Catherine T. Hutchison, Cathel de Lima de Vrieze, Anke Desai, Vikas Dolley, Jonathan Duckett, Dominic Durrant, Rachael Amy Egermann, Markus Elsner (Adams), Emily Fremantle, Chris Fullwood-Thomas, Jessica Galafassi, Diego Gobby, Jen Golland, Ami Gonzalez-Padron, Shiara Kirana Gram-Hanssen, Irmelin Grandin, Jakob Grenni, Sara Gunnell, Jade Lauren Gusmao, Felipe Hamann, Maike Harding, Brian Harper, Gavin Hesselgren, Mia Hestad, Dina Heykoop, Cheryl Anne Holmen, Johan Holstead, Kirsty Hoolohan, Claire Horcea-Milcu, Andra-Ioana Horlings, Lummina Geertruida Howden, Stuart Mark Howell, Rachel Angharad Huque, Sarah Insia Canedo, Mirna Liz Inturias Iro, Chidinma Yvonne Ives, Christopher D. John, Beatrice Joshi, Rajiv Juarez-Bourke, Sadhbh Juma, Dauglas Wafula Karlsen, Bea Cecilie Kliem, Lea Klaey, Andreas Kuenkel, Petra Kunze, Iris Lam, David Patrick Michael Lang, Daniel J. Larkin, Alice Light, Ann Luederitz, Christopher Luthe, Tobias Maguire, Cathy Mahecha-Groot, Ana-Maria Malcolm, Jackie Marshall, Fiona Maru, Yiheyis McLachlan, Carly Mmbando, Peter Mohapatra, Subhakanta Moore, Miche Univ York Dept Geog & Environm Wentworth Way York YO105NG N Yorkshire England Chalmers Univ Technol Div Phys Resource Theory Chalmersplatsen 4 S-41296 Gothenburg Sweden Chalmers Univ Univ Freiburg Chalmersplatsen 4 S-41296 Gothenburg Sweden Konrad Lorenz Inst Evolut & Cognit Res Martinstr 12 A-3400 Klosterneuburg Austria Leuphana Univ Lueneburg Konrad Lorenz Inst Martinstr 12 A-3400 Klosterneuburg Austria H3Uni 18 North StGlenrothes KY7 5NA Nijmegen Netherlands Univ Leeds Sustainabil Res Inst Sch Earth & Environm Leeds LS2 9JT W Yorkshire England SustainaMetrix LLC 502 Deering Ave Portland ME 04103 USA Univ Utrecht Copernicus Inst Sustainable Dev Princetonlaan 8a NL-3584 CB Utrecht Netherlands Univ Technol Sydney Inst Sustainable Futures POB 123Broadway Broadway NSW 2007 Australia Maastricht Univ Maastricht Sustainabil Inst POB 616 NL-6200 MD Maastricht Netherlands H3Uni Geertebolwerk 30 NL-3511 XA Utrecht Netherlands H3Uni 18 North St Glenrothes KY7 5NA Fife Scotland Univ Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Univ Buckingham Vinson Ctr Hunter St Buckingham MK18 1EG England Int Futures Forum Boathouse Silversands Hawkcraig Rd Aberdour KY3 0TZ Fife Scotland Australian Resilience Ctr Epping NSW Australia Erasmus Univ DRIFT Dutch Res Inst Transit Burgemeester Oudlaan 50 NL-3062 PA Rotterdam Netherlands Indonesian Inst Sci Res Ctr Populat Jakarta Indonesia Leuphana Univ Fac Sustainabil Univ Allee 1 D-21335 Luneburg Germany Univ Newcastle Sch Architecture & Built Environm Univ Dr Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia Univ Chile Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci Ctr Disasters & Risk Reduct CITRID Ctr Climate & Resilience Res CR2 Av Santa Rosa 11-315 Santiago Chile Club Rome Lagerhausstr 9 CH-8400 Winterthur Switzerland Univ Philippines Los Banos Dept Social Dev Serv Coll Human Ecol Los Banos 4031 Laguna Philippines Australian Natl Univ Fenner Sch Environm & Soc Canberra ACT Australia CICERO Ctr Int Climate Res POB 1129 Blindern N-031

Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory approach that asked what future envisioned knowledge systems might need to look like and how we might get there. Findings suggest that envisioned future systems will need to be much more collaborative, open, diverse, egalitarian, and able to work with values and systemic issues. They will also need to go beyond producing knowledge about our world to generating wisdom about how to act within it. To get to envisioned systems we will need to rapidly scale methodological innovations, connect innovators, and creatively accelerate learning about working with intractable challenges. We will also need to create new funding schemes, a global knowledge commons, and challenge deeply held assumptions. To genuinely be a creative force in supporting longevity of human and non-human life on our planet, the shift in knowledge systems will probably need to be at the scale of the enlightenment and speed of the scientific and technological revolution accompanying the second World War. This will require bold and strategic action from governments, scientists, civic society and sustained transformational intent.

关键词： Sustainability science Epistemology Transformation Social-technical transitions Knowledge Climate and energy research

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A Model for Solar Plant Site Selection

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International Conference on Structures and Building Materials (ICSBM 2013)

作者： Lee, Amy H. I. Shen, Kuan-Chin Tu, YingMei Lin, Chun-Yu Wang, Wei-Ming Chung Hua Univ Dept Technol Management 707Sec 2WuFu Rd Hsinchu 300 Chinese Taipei Taiwan Chung Hua Univ Dept Ind Management Hsinchu 300 Chinese Taipei Taiwan PhD Program Technol Management Ind Management Hsinchu 300 Chinese Taipei Taiwan Chung Hua Univ Dept Architecture & Urban Planning Hsinchu 300 Chinese Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783037856611

Current use of excessive oil and natural gas is causing the greenhouse effect, the destruction of the Earth's ecology, and the increase in disaster crises. Many countries are forced to start looking for new alternative sources of energy to prevent irreversible environmental problems. Taiwan is an island belonging to subtropical area with abundant sunshine, and it is very suitable for the development of solar energy. Due to the effect of high atmospheric pressures in summer and continental cold masses in winter, coupled with complex terrain, different weather phenomena exist in the northern and southern Taiwan, and the weather, temperature, sunlight and rainfall are different in different places. Before setting up a solar plant, a good assessment and planning is necessary to prevent a waste in financial and natural resources in the future. This research first uses literature review to search for the important factors, and experts are invited to confirm the factors. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is then applied to assess and analyze which areas in Taiwan are most appropriate for setting up solar plants. Results of the study shall provide solar industry for reference for sustainable development.

关键词： Solar energy site selection data envelopment analysis (DEA)

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City Doctors: A Systemic Approach to Transform Colon City, Panama

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PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT QUARTERLY 2012年第4期24卷 41-60页

作者： Bernardez, Mariano Arias Vallarino, Carmen Krivatsy, Adam Kaufman, Roger Sonora Inst Technol Performance Improvement PhD Program Social & Org Sonara Mexico MBC Consulting Co Chicago IL 60638 USA City Knowledge Fdn Panama City Panama Maritime Univ Panama Panama City Panama ATLAPA Panama City Panama Columbia Univ Sch Architecture New York NY 10027 USA Politech Univ Budapest Urban Planning Dept Budapest Hungary Florida State Univ Tallahassee FL 32306 USA Roger Kaufman & Associates Tallahassee FL 32306 USA

A project for the president and minister of tourism of Panama was designed to transform (not change or tinker with) the City of Colon. Colon is the second largest city in Panama and the eastern entrance to the Panama Canal, and it is a city in crisis, with high crime and a low standard of living for most citizens, which is teetering on the edge of community collapse. Applying the concepts and tools of Mega thinking and planning, and using the Bernardez two-level business case, it has been shown how the entire city could be transformed with a positive return on investment in the first year.

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INHABITATED TRANSPARENCES: ARCO HOUSE BY PEZO VON-ELLRICHAUSEN

REVISTA 180

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REVISTA 180 2011年第28期 43-46页

作者： Bruscato, Underlea Miotto Garcia Alvarado, Rodrigo Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Fac Arquitectura Design & Graph Express Dept Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Bio Bio Fac Arquitectura Construcc & Diseno PhD Program Architecture & Urban Planning Concepcion Chile

Pezo-Von Ellrichausen's last project which exhibited in Concepcion (in the south of Chile) seems to recover a myth from modernity: The house of glass. This team of architects noted by their austere and monolithic houses has erected a narrow three-storey glass house upon the slopes of the city. By presenting the structure which underlines the stability after the devastating earthquake which hit the region in 2010;it depicts daily events and environmental struggle of residential life as well. It also evokes the daring transparent residences of modernism, but in the present energetic and urban context which questions the relevant architectonic premises.

关键词： residence Chile glass Pezo Von Ellrichausen

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Design and Wind Tunnel Performance Testing of a New Omnidirectional Roof Vent

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JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING 2007年第1期13卷 18-21页

作者： Grant, Elizabeth J. Jones, James R. Vlachos, Pavlos P. Virginia Tech PhD Program Environm Design & Planning 202 Cowgill Hall Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Virginia Tech Coll Architecture & Urban Studies Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Virginia Tech Coll Engn Mech Engn 0238 Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

Low-slope roofs are subjected to potentially high levels of suction pressure as reported by Baskaran and Savage in 2003 in "Wind pressure measurements on full scale flat roofs." Traditional roof assemblies are prone to failure when the low pressure on the roof surface instigates a transfer of forces to the roof membrane. Existing pressure-equalized roof systems use the power of the wind to transmit low pressure to the space immediately beneath the roof membrane, pulling the membrane down to the roof surface. The object of this study is the design of a wind vent which, when coupled with a single-ply roof membrane in a complete roof assembly, will successfully equalize low pressure throughout the entire field of the roof. The proposed wind vent differs from existing equalizer valves in its use of the Bernoulli effect to create low pressure. The vent is omnidirectional and contains no moving parts. Future study will be required to determine the tributary area of each vent and other roof system parameters.

关键词： Roofs Roof failures Wind tunnel tests Wind force

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