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Comprehensive Review and Analysis on Facial Emotion Recognition:Performance Insights into Deep and Traditional Learning with Current Updates and Challenges

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 41-72页

作者： Amjad Rehman Muhammad Mujahid Alex Elyassih Bayan AlGhofaily Saeed Ali Omer Bahaj Artificial Intelligence&Data Analytics Lab College of Computer&Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia MIS Department College of Business Administration Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlKharj11942Saudi Arabia

In computer vision and artificial intelligence,automatic facial expression-based emotion identification of humans has become a popular research and industry *** demonstrations and applications in several fields,including computer games,smart homes,expression analysis,gesture recognition,surveillance films,depression therapy,patientmonitoring,anxiety,and others,have brought attention to its significant academic and commercial *** study emphasizes research that has only employed facial images for face expression recognition(FER),because facial expressions are a basic way that people communicate meaning to each *** immense achievement of deep learning has resulted in a growing use of its much architecture to enhance *** review is on machine learning,deep learning,and hybrid methods’use of preprocessing,augmentation techniques,and feature extraction for temporal properties of successive frames of *** following section gives a brief summary of assessment criteria that are accessible to the public and then compares them with benchmark results the most trustworthy way to assess FER-related research topics *** this review,a brief synopsis of the subject matter may be beneficial for novices in the field of FER as well as seasoned scholars seeking fruitful avenues for further *** information conveys fundamental knowledge and provides a comprehensive understanding of the most recent state-of-the-art research.

关键词： Face emotion recognition deep learning hybrid learning CK+ facial images machine learning technological development

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TMRE:Novel Algorithm for Computing Daily Reference Evapotranspiration Using Transformer-Based Models

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 2851-2864页

作者： Bushra Tayyaba Muhammad Usman Ghani Khan Talha Waheed Shaha Al-Otaibi Tanzila Saba National Center of Artificial Intelligence(NCAI) Al Khwarizmi Institute of Computer Sciences(KICS)Lahore54890Pakistan Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and Technology LahoreLahore54890Pakistan Artificial Intelligence&Data Analytics Lab Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Reference Evapotranspiration(ETo)iswidely used to assess totalwater loss between land and atmosphere due to its importance in maintaining the atmospheric water balance,especially in agricultural and environmental *** estimation of ETo is challenging due to its dependency onmultiple climatic variables,including temperature,humidity,and solar radiation,making it a complexmultivariate time-series *** machine learning and deep learning models have been applied to forecast ETo,achieving moderate ***,the introduction of transformer-based architectures in time-series forecasting has opened new possibilities formore precise ETo *** this study,a novel algorithm for ETo forecasting is proposed,focusing on four transformer-based models:Vanilla Transformer,Informer,Autoformer,and FEDformer(Frequency Enhanced Decomposed Transformer),applied to an ETo dataset from the Andalusian *** novelty of the proposed algorithm lies in determining optimized window sizes based on seasonal trends and variations,which were then used with each model to enhance prediction *** custom window-sizing method allows the models to capture ETo’s unique seasonal patterns more ***,results demonstrate that the Informer model outperformed other transformer-based models,achievingmean square error(MSE)values of 0.1404 and 0.1445 for forecast windows(15,7)and(30,15),*** Vanilla Transformer also showed strong performance,closely following the *** findings suggest that the proposed optimized window-sizing approach,combined with transformer-based architectures,is highly effective for ETo *** novel strategy has the potential to be adapted in othermultivariate time-series forecasting tasks that require seasonality-sensitive approaches.

关键词： Reference evapotranspiration ETo transformer informer autoformer FEDformer timeseries forecasting self-attention

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Novel Feature Extractor Framework in Conjunction with Supervised Three Class-XGBoost Algorithm for Osteosarcoma Detection from Whole Slide Medical Histopathology Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 3337-3353页

作者： Tanzila Saba Muhammad Mujahid Shaha Al-Otaibi Noor Ayesha Amjad Rehman Khan Artificial Intelligence&Data Analytics Lab College of Computer&Information SciencesPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence in Cyber Security(CYBEX) Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia

Osteosarcomas are malignant neoplasms derived from undifferentiated osteogenic mesenchymal cells. It causes severe and permanent damage to human tissue and has a high mortality rate. The condition has the capacity to occur in any bone;however, it often impacts long bones like the arms and legs. Prompt identification and prompt intervention are essential for augmenting patient longevity. However, the intricate composition and erratic placement of osteosarcoma provide difficulties for clinicians in accurately determining the scope of the afflicted area. There is a pressing requirement for developing an algorithm that can automatically detect bone tumors with tremendous accuracy. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a novel feature extractor framework associated with a supervised three-class XGBoost algorithm for the detection of osteosarcoma in whole slide histopathology images. This method allows for quicker and more effective data analysis. The first step involves preprocessing the imbalanced histopathology dataset, followed by augmentation and balancing utilizing two techniques: SMOTE and ADASYN. Next, a unique feature extraction framework is used to extract features, which are then inputted into the supervised three-class XGBoost algorithm for classification into three categories: non-tumor, viable tumor, and non-viable tumor. The experimental findings indicate that the proposed model exhibits superior efficiency, accuracy, and a more lightweight design in comparison to other current models for osteosarcoma detection.

关键词： Medical image processing deep learning healthcare image classification histopathology

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Towards Ergonomic Typing: Real-Time Typing Posture Classification on WatchOS

Towards Ergonomic Typing: Real-Time Typing Posture Classific...

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Women in data Science at Prince Sultan University (WiDS PSU), International Conference of

作者： Fetoun AlZahrani Arwa Ghouti Tanzila Saba Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab CCIS Prince Sultan University Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9798331520922

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520939

With the increasing prevalence of computer usage, there has been a rise in cases of repetitive strain injuries (RSIs) like Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) among individuals who spend extended hours typing. Hand pose estimation plays a vital role in improving ergonomic and safe human-computer interaction (HCI). To address this challenge, we propose ErgoType, a real-time hand pose estimation application developed for Apple WatchOS. The application delivers posture classification results directly on the Apple Watch and integrates with a companion iPhone application for detailed feedback. The system employs a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model trained on smartwatch emulator data to analyze key hand-position indicators, such as wrist and elbow angles, achieving a classification accuracy of 98%. Immediate feedback is provided via on-screen notifications, alerting users to poor typing habits such as excessive wrist flexion or prolonged typing without rest. This feedback encourages users to adopt healthier typing practices. ErgoType's combination of wearable technology and real-time feedback offers a proactive solution for reducing typing-related injuries and promoting workplace wellness. It is designed to support both professionals and frequent computer users, enhancing productivity and well-being through improved ergonomics.

关键词： Support vector machines Wrist Hands Carpal tunnel syndrome Wearable Health Monitoring Systems Ergonomics Pose estimation Real-time systems Injuries Strain

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Deep Learning and Shape-Driven Combined Approach for Breast Cancer Tumor Segmentation

Deep Learning and Shape-Driven Combined Approach for Breast ...

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International Conference on Advancements in Computational Sciences (ICACS)

作者： Mudassar Ali Haoji Hu Tufail Muhammad Muhammad Ahsan Qureshi Tariq Mahmood College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Department of Computer Science Air University Islamabad Pakistan Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics Lab CCIS Prince Sultan University Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

ISBN: (数字)9798331533038

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533045

Our aim is to enhance the performance of segmenting breast cancer from medical images by overcoming major challenges, including data insufficiency and complexity when training a model. Using the INbreast dataset, it proposes a hybrid method for improving the segmentation accuracy and computational efficiency by combining M3D-Neural Cellular Automata with Shape-Guided Segmentation. This work aims at optimal performance on complex tasks of tumor segmentation by leveraging shape priors and reducing the need for extensive training data. Results confirm that significant improvements in both accuracy and robustness are achieved, which reduces computation time and improves tumor boundary delineation. The hybrid approach provides a time- and cost-effective method for precise detection in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment.

关键词： Deep learning Training Image segmentation Accuracy Shape Training data Breast cancer data models Robustness Real-time systems

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Suhail the Guiding Star: A Sustainable Chatbot for Saudi Arabia Culture

Suhail the Guiding Star: A Sustainable Chatbot for Saudi Ara...

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Women in data Science at Prince Sultan University (WiDS PSU), International Conference of

作者： Wahaj Saidam Lina Alnasi Sarah Ayman Rasha Alnaji Alqahtani Heyfa Ammar Anis Koubaa CCIS Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia College of Comp. and Info. Sciences Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics Lab. CCIS Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia University of Tunis ELManar Tunisia Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9798331520922

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520939

Protecting the cultural heritage is essential to ensure its survival for future generations while fostering cultural diversity and global understanding. It is then crucial to develop engaging, interactive and innovative approaches to inform and educate people about the significance of cultural heritage, making it accessible and appealing to diverse audiences. Particularly in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, various solutions have been proposed to assist visitors during their journey in the kingdom. However, the existing solutions lack localized content or fail to provide immersive dynamic user experiences, making them less effective in achieving cultural education goals. In this regard, the present work proposes Suhail: a novel AI-powered chatbot that allows for interactive communication, and improves understanding of Saudi cultural heritage through relevant responses. Suhail's reliability is underpinned by two novel datasets that we propose in this work, derived from trusted and verified sources. Our evaluation indicates an impressive accuracy score of 93.3%. Suhail's potential to advance Saudi cultural preservation and dissemination is underscored through expert interviews and survey responses in the direction of Saudi Vision 2030 and UN Sustainable Development Goals, specifically Quality Education (SDG 4) and Sustainable Cities (SDG 11).

关键词： Surveys Accuracy Education Urban areas Stars Chatbots Cultural differences Global communication Reliability Sustainable development

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Leveraging CNN-Transformer Hybrid Architecture for Accurate Breast Tumor Segmentation in Mammograms

Leveraging CNN-Transformer Hybrid Architecture for Accurate ...

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Women in data Science at Prince Sultan University (WiDS PSU), International Conference of

作者： Mudassar Ali Muhammad Zeeshan Tahir Iqra Mariam Khadija Nawaz Tariq Mahmood Samia Allaoua Chelloug College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Liaoning University of Technology Jinzhou China Faculty of Information Sciences University of Education Vehari Pakistan Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics Lab CCIS PSU Riyadh SA Department of Information Technology CCIS PNU Riyadh SA

ISBN: (数字)9798331520922

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520939

Breast cancer detection through mammograms is very crucial for early diagnosis, and tumor segmentation is an important step in treatment planning. This paper proposes a novel approach by combining CNNs with transformers, which we call the Hybrid CNN + Transformer model, for the task of breast tumor segmentation. It leverages the strengths of CNN s in local feature extraction to capture fine details, such as tumor boundaries, and combines them with transformers that model long-range dependencies and contextual relationships across images for the exact delineation of tumor regions in complex tissue structures. Our methodology will be tested on the high-quality mammog-raphy dataset annotated with both benign and malignant lesions, the so-called INbreast dataset. Herein, the CNN backbone-first for instance, ResNet or EfficientNet-extracts the input mammo-gram hierarchically; features are fed into a transformer layer in order to capture global dependencies, after which the final segmentation mask is generated by using a U-Net style decoder for a pixel-wise tumor classification. The segmentation accuracies of our models demonstrated the significant improvement achieved in tumor segmentation, using Hybrid CNN + Transformer when compared with tra-ditional CNN-based models on challenging tumor boundaries and complex tissue patterns. An accurate, robust, completely automatic method for tumor segmentation will thus enable improved diagnostic feasibility on clinical grounds. Furthermore, the combination of learning at both local and global features improved generalizability to previously unseen mammogram images and therefore strengthened clinical applicability.

关键词： Image segmentation Adaptation models Accuracy Breast tumors Computational modeling Transformers Mammography Breast cancer Convolutional neural networks Tumors

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Leveraging Deep Learning for Cyberbullying Detection in Arabic Tweets

Leveraging Deep Learning for Cyberbullying Detection in Arab...

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Women in data Science at Prince Sultan University (WiDS PSU), International Conference of

作者： Fatima AlShannaq Sawsan Alhalawani Heba Al-Jarrah Mohammad Shehab Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics Lab (AIDA) CCIS Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Information Systems Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and Information Technology Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan College of Computer Sciences and Informatics Amman Arab University Amman Jordan

ISBN: (数字)9798331520922

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520939

Cyberbullying is a growing concern in the digital age, particularly on social media platforms like X (formerly Twitter). This study presents a deep learning-based approach for detecting cyberbullying in Arabic tweets using the Arabic Cyberbullying Corpus (ArCybC). Leveraging the Arabic-BERT model, we conducted binary and multi-class classification tasks to identify cyberbullying content and its associated categories or domains. Our methodology incorporated advanced data-balancing techniques, including oversampling and undersam-pling, to address class imbalance challenges. The study aims to answer the research questions: (1) How effectively can deep learning models detect cyberbullying in Arabic tweets? (2) How do data balancing techniques impact classification performance? (3) Can Arabic-BERT outperform traditional classifiers in cy-berbullying detection? These questions are addressed through our methodology, where we employ Arabic-BERT, implement rebalancing techniques, and compare our model's performance with baseline classifiers. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in F1-scores, with 89.1% achieved in binary classification and 91.6% in category-level classification after oversampling. These findings highlight the effectiveness of fine-tuned deep learning models in tackling the linguistic complexity of Arabic and the nuanced nature of cyberbullying detection. This study provides a foundation for future research in addressing online harassment in Arabic-speaking digital communities.

关键词： Deep learning Blogs Cyberbullying Linguistics data science Information age data models Complexity theory

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Correction: MSegNet: A Multi-View Coupled Cross-Modal Attention Model for Enhanced MRI Brain Tumor Segmentation

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International Journal of Computational intelligence Systems 2025年第1期18卷 1-2页

作者： Wang, Yu Xu, Juan Guan, Yucheng Ahmad, Faizan Mahmood, Tariq Rehman, Amjad Shandong Research Institute of Industrial Technology Shandong China Department of Endocrinology Taian City Central Hospital Taian China College of Engineering Northeastern University San Jose USA Qiqihar Medical University Heilongjiang Province China Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab CCIS Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Faculty of Information Sciences University of Education Vehari Campus Vehari Pakistan

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Energy efficient and robust node localization in WSNs using LSTM optimized DV hop framework to mitigate multihop localization errors

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-23页

作者： Rehman, Amjad Mahmood, Tariq Alahmadi, Tahani Jaser Almasoud, Ahmed S. Saba, Tanzila Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics (AIDA) Lab CCIS Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Faculty of Information Sciences University of Education Vehari Campus Vehari Pakistan Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are distributed sensor nodes that sense data from their surroundings and relay it to a central network for processing and analysis. Sensor localization is a crucial technique in WSNs, enabling precise positions of target nodes based on environmental signal perception. However, achieving high accuracy in node localization remains a challenge. This study introduces an improved DV-Hop positioning algorithm that integrates Long Short-Term Memory (OLSTM-DVHop) networks to enhance node position predictions. The algorithm processes original data through filtering, analysis, and feature extraction to improve predicted node positions. The study analyzed errors using a standard DV-Hop algorithm and designed a robust architecture for WSN positioning. Simulation experiments validated the proposed improvements, aligning with the algorithm’s accuracy requirements. The proposed error correction mechanism addresses uneven error distribution in the DV-Hop algorithm, adjusting the positions of nodes with significant deviations, reducing errors, and enhancing the positioning process’s reliability and accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by comparing it with other localization algorithms across different terrain types. The improved DV-Hop algorithm significantly reduces localization errors and offers superior accuracy, outperforming other algorithms in various experimental scenarios. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： DV-Hop Error correction LSTM Positioning accuracy

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