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International Conference on Electronics, Information and Communications (ICEIC)

作者： Seokjin Oh Keonwoong Noh Sunyub Kim Dohyung An Woohwan Jung Dept. of Applied Artificial Intelligence Hanyang University Seoul Republic of Korea Dept. of Computer Science Hanyang University Ansan Republic of Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331510756

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510763

Recently, as messenger phishing has been occurring more frequently, the need for its detection has increased; however, datasets for messenger phishing detection are publicly unavailable. In this paper, we address the data scarcity problem of the newly collected messenger phishing dataset by leveraging various types of pre-existing auxiliary phishing data. Experimental results demonstrate that the error rate decreased by up to 1.81 % and the F1 score improved by 7.35% when smishing and voice phishing data are used. These findings confirm that integrating heterogeneous phishing data can mitigate the data scarcity problem and enhance messenger phishing detection performance.

关键词： Error analysis Phishing Message services Electronic mail

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Can We Trust the Actionable Guidance from Explainable AI Techniques in Defect Prediction?

Can We Trust the Actionable Guidance from Explainable AI Tec...

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IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER)

作者： Gichan Lee Hansae Ju Scott Uk-Jin Lee Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Hanyang University Ansan Republic of Korea Dept of Applied Artificial Intelligence Hanyang University Ansan Republic of Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331535100

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535117

Despite advances in high-performance Software Defect Prediction (SDP) models, practitioners remain hesitant to adopt them due to opaque decision-making and a lack of actionable insights. Recent research has applied various explainable AI (XAI) techniques to provide explainable and actionable guidance for SDP results to address these limitations, but the trustworthiness of such guidance for practitioners has not been sufficiently investigated. Practitioners may question the feasibility of implementing the proposed changes, and if these changes fail to resolve predicted defects or prove inaccurate, their trust in the guidance may diminish. In this study, we empirically evaluate the effectiveness of current XAI approaches for SDP across 32 releases of 9 large-scale projects, focusing on whether the guidance meets practitioners' expectations. Our findings reveal that their actionable guidance (i) does not guarantee that predicted defects are resolved; (ii) fails to pinpoint modifications required to resolve predicted defects; and (iii) deviates from the typical code changes practitioners make in their projects. These limitations indicate that the guidance is not yet reliable enough for developers to justify investing their limited debugging resources. We suggest that future XAI research for SDP incorporate feedback loops that offer clear rewards for practitioners' efforts, and propose a potential alternative approach utilizing counterfactual explanations.

关键词： Feedback loop Codes Explainable AI Decision making Focusing Debugging Predictive models Solids Software Reliability

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A Multi-Scale Deep Learning Framework Combining MobileViT-ECA and LSTM for Accurate ECG Analysis

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 85473-85492页

作者： Ba Mahel, Abduljabbar S. Al-Gaashani, Mehdhar S. A. M. Alkanhel, Reem Ibrahim Hassan, Dina S. M. Muthanna, Mohammed Saleh Ali Muthanna, Ammar Aziz, Ahmed University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Life Science and Technology Chengdu610054 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Resources and Environment Chengdu610056 China Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Information Technology P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Tashkent State University of Economics Department of International Business Management Tashkent Uzbekistan RUDN University Department of Applied Probability and Informatics Peoples’Friendship University of Russia 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St Moscow117198 Russia Faculty of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Benha University Department of Computer Science Egypt Central Asian University Engineering school Tashkent Uzbekistan

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis is crucial for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), especially atrial fibrillation (AF), a prevalent cardiac rhythm abnormality. However, the variability and complexity of ECG signals make AF classification challenging, highlighting the need for more accurate and reliable methods. This paper introduces a novel deep learning (DL) architecture designed to enhance the processing, feature extraction, and analysis of ECG signals. The proposed model utilizes a hybrid framework that combines standard and dilated convolutional networks, advanced attention mechanisms, and temporal sequence learning to address the complexities of ECG data. A parallel architecture integrates a MobileViT block for efficient spatial feature extraction and an Efficient Channel Attention (ECA) module to refine feature representations. Simultaneously, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network captures temporal dependencies in the data. The concatenation of the outputs from both the MobileViT-ECA block and the LSTM network allows for the extraction of both local and global features. Fully connected layers, along with dropout regularization, ensure robust performance and effective classification. We analyzed ECG signals of three different lengths (1, 2, and 3 seconds) to investigate how segment length affects model performance. Additionally, we conducted various classification scenarios and an ablation study to simulate real-world conditions and identify key components of the architecture. Our experimental findings show that the model attains high accuracy in ECG classification and AF identification, with average metrics including accuracy of 87.80%, recall of 87.80%, F1-score of 87.45%, and specificity of 95.66%. The proposed model outperforms existing methods on the same AF dataset, demonstrating its superior performance. This method accurately classifies ECG signals and detects AF, highlighting its potential for clinical application. The results help move forwar

关键词： Electrocardiography

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Designing a hybrid neural network framework for real-time anomaly detection in cybersecurity applications

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2025年 1-7页

作者： Jain, Aaditya Ead, Waleed M. Alshahrani, Mohammed Altamimi, Jawaher Suliman Aklan, Fawaz Rihan, Shaza Dawood College of Computing Sciences and Information Technology Teerthanker Mahaveer University Uttar Pradesh Moradabad India Faculty of Computing and Information Al-Baha University Al-Baha Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef Egypt Computers Department Applied College Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Applied College Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Applied Science Taiz University Taiz P.O. Box 6803 Taiz Yemen

As cybersecurity is becoming a prominent domain, it is an imperative to provide real-time anomaly detection for early threat detection and to keep networks safe. In this paper, an optimized hybrid neural network-framework is proposed to detect anomalies at several attack vectors with high efficacy. The framework comprises convolutional neural network equipped with long-short term memory (CNN-LSTM) for temporal and spatial representation of data. As the system accommodates new data and keeps on learning, it adjusts itself becoming a significant mean in counteracting against emerging threats with less latency in detection. In order to verify the efficiency and robustness of the proposed framework, a series of real-time simulation is designed using key performance metrics such as detection rate, false alarm rate and processing time. The results show higher improvement in accuracy and speed of anomaly detection, which makes the framework a useful instrument to reinforce cybersecurity defense during real-time scenarios. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2025.

关键词： Anomaly detection Convolutional neural network (CNN) Cybersecurity Hybrid approach Long-short term memory (LSTM)

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Sustainable energy management in the AI era: a comprehensive analysis of ML and DL approaches

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Computing 2025年第6期107卷 1-64页

作者： Javed, Haseeb Eid, Fatma El-Sappagh, Shaker Abuhmed, Tamer Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Computing and Informatics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of Technology Management Stony Brook University NY11794 United States Applied Artificial Intelligence College of Computing and Informatics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Galala University Suez435611 Egypt Information Systems Department Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Benha University Banha13518 Egypt

This study comprehensively analyzes the application of innovative deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) techniques in smart energy management systems (EMSs), with an emphasis on load forecasting, demand response, and the development of smart energy sectors. The application of various ML and DL models were examined in over 200 studies from 2014 to 2024 in an electrical network's EMS to highlight the key benefits and advances made by each technology for the sustainable management systems in energy sector. The findings emphasize DL and ML models’ enhanced precision and predictive capabilities in load forecasting, their efficacy in enabling efficient demand response mechanisms, and their significance in supporting the development of smart energy sectors. Furthermore, recommendations are made based on the survey results to assist in incorporating these techniques into EMS frameworks, such as investment in data infrastructure, model training and validation, and collaboration between researchers, industry experts, and policymakers. The study also discusses the limitations identified in the literature, such as limited real-world implementations, challenges regarding quality and data availability, and the need for enhanced ML and DL model interpretability. Addressing these limitations can assist in increasing the application and efficacy of ML and DL techniques in EMSs, enabling a more efficient and sustainable energy landscape. Finally, this study facilitates researchers' exploration of ML and DL in energy management, highlighting relevant limitations, strengths, and alternative approaches associated with sustainable energy management. It also indicates potential future research directions for further investigation. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Power management (telecommunication)

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Enhancing malware detection performance: leveraging K-Nearest Neighbors with Firefly Optimization Algorithm

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第12期84卷 10071-10094页

作者： Al Saaidah, Adeeb Abualhaj, Mosleh M. Shambour, Qusai Y. Abu-Shareha, Ahmad Adel Abualigah, Laith Al-Khatib, Sumaya N. Alraba’nah, Yousef H Department of Networks and Cybersecurity Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan Department of Software Engineering Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al-Ahliyya Amman University Amman19328 Jordan Research Center University of Tabuk Tabuk71491 Saudi Arabia MEU Research Unit Middle East University Amman11831 Jordan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American University Byblos13-5053 Lebanon College of Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan32003 Taiwan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman11931 Jordan School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Malaysia Petaling Jaya27500 Malaysia

Malware detection plays a crucial role in ensuring robust cybersecurity amidst the ever-evolving cyber threats. This research paper delves into the realm of machine learning (ML) algorithms for malware detection, with a specific emphasis on the K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) algorithm, utilizing tailored parameter settings and the Firefly Optimization Algorithm (FOA). The study leverages the MalMem-2022 dataset to assess the efficacy of KNN and KNN with FOA in malware detection. The impact of parameter tuning and feature selection on classification is elucidated by comparing the performance of both approaches. Encouragingly, the results reveal promising advancements in one of the multiclass classification scenarios when employing KNN with FOA, yielding noteworthy enhancements in Accuracy, Recall, Precision, Matthews Correlation Coefficient, TNR, and F1-score by 2.65%, 2.65%, 2.47%, 3.59%, 0.17%, and 2.61%, respectively. These findings accentuate the significance of optimizing KNN’s parameters and implementing FOA for feature selection, culminating in heightened accuracy in malware detection. The symbiotic fusion of KNN and FOA exhibits remarkable effectiveness in augmenting the classification model’s performance, thus offering valuable insights for bolstering cybersecurity measures. Adopting ML algorithms, particularly KNN with specific parameter settings and FOA, presents a promising avenue for enhancing malware detection capabilities. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Nearest neighbor search

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A Detailed Investigation into the Brain Cancer Detection Capabilities of CNN

A Detailed Investigation into the Brain Cancer Detection Cap...

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International Health Informatics Conference, IHIC 2023

作者： Singh, Kamred Udham Kumar, Ankit Kumar, Gaurav Singh, Teekam Choudhury, Tanupriya Kotecha, Ketan School of Computing Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun India Department of Computer Engineering and Applications GLA University UP Mathura India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Deemed to Be University Dehradun India School of Computer Science University of Petroleum and Energy Studies Uttarakhand Dehradun248007 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International University Lavale Campus Pune India Symbiosis Centre for Applied Artificial Intelligence Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International University Pune411045 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819771899

Brain tumour detection is an accepted testing task in the beginning phases of life. Yet, presently it has progressed with different AI calculations. Along these lines, to identify the brain tumour of a patient we consider the data of patients like MRI pictures of a patient’s brain. Here our concern is to spot if the tumour is available in persisting’s brain. It’s crucial to identify the tumour at the beginning level for a sound lifetime of a patient. During this task, we gauge the seriousness utilizing Convolutional Neural Network calculationwhich gives us precise outcomes. Tumour division is a pivotal and burdensome assignment inside the territory of clinical picture preparation as a human-helped manual characterization may bring about erroneous expectations and findings. We suggested using convolutional neural organization to distinguish tumours from 2D appealing reverberation brain images (MRI). The exploratory analysis was performed on a dataset that included tumours of various sizes, regions, forms, and picture forces. We used convolutional neural networks, which are implemented using Keras and Tensorflow because they respect a much better display than standard ones. CNN achieved an accuracy of 83.54% in our research. The recently developed CNN design may be used as a productive decisionaid device for radiologists in clinical diagnostics because of its high speculation capacity and quickness. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Neuroimaging

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Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing Using Quasi-Opposition Learning Based Aquila Optimizer

Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing Using Quasi-Oppositio...

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International Conference on 6G Communications Networking and Signal Processing, SGCNSP 2023

作者： Kumari, K. Aruna Muvva, Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy Kumar, K. Sudheer Rai, B. Karunakara Shakir, Aboothar Mahmood Department of CSE SRKR Engineering College Bhimavaram Chinaamiram India Department of Information Technology College of Computing and Information Sciences University of Technology and Applied Sciences -Shinas Shinas Oman School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence SR University Warangal India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Bengaluru India The Islamic University Najaf Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9789819778751

The resource allocation is focus on enhancing the service provider proceedings and obtaining customer satisfaction by Service Level Agreements (SLA). Cloud technology has significantly transformed the organizations to manage and allocate their resources. The cloud users are choosing sources of application distribution exclusive of cooperating Quality of Service (QoS) necessities. To overcome this issue, this paper proposed a Quasi-Opposition Learning based Aquila Optimizer (QOL-AO) for resource allocation in cloud. The virtualization supports to implement task using resource availability and reduces the response time. The QOL-AO employs the hunting approach for obtain the effective and efficient resource allocation in cloud. The Performance of QOL-AO is estimate through execution time, response time and energy consumption for various number of Virtual Machines (VMs). The QOL-AO attained less execution time of 18.568 ms and response time of 0.095 s than existing algorithms like Emperor Penguin Optimization (EPO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Cloud platforms

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IP SafeGuard - An AI-Driven Malicious IP Detection Framework

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 90249-90261页

作者： Siam, Abdullah Al Alazab, Moutaz Awajan, Albara Hasan, Md Rakibul Obeidat, Areej Faruqui, Nuruzzaman Daffodil International University Daffodil Smart City Birulia Department of Software Engineering Dhaka1216 Bangladesh Oryx Universal College with Liverpool John Moores University School of Computing and Data Sciences Cybersecurity Department Doha34110 Qatar Al-Balqa Applied University Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Department of Intelligent Systems Al-Salt19385 Jordan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh Amman Jordan

The rising frequency and sophistication of cyberattacks have made real-time malicious IP detection a critical challenge for modern Security Operations Center (SOC). Traditional solutions, such as static blacklists and manual IP reputation checks, are no longer sufficient in today's dynamic threat scenario. To overcome these constraints, we present IP SafeGuard, an AI-driven platform that incorporates multi-source threat intelligence, sophisticated feature engineering, and machine learning (ML)for real-time IP categorization. The framework collects data from AbuseIPDB, VirusTotal, and other sources to compute a Dynamic Threat Score (DTS) for each IP address. It leverages an XGBoost-based classification model to achieve high accuracy and low false-positive rates, even in skewed datasets. Experimental findings indicate the improved performance of IP SafeGuard, with an accuracy of 98.2%, a precision of 97.8%, and a recall of 98.5%. The average detection duration of 45 milliseconds makes it appropriate for real-time SOC integration, enabling automated incident response through Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) alerting and firewall blocking. The framework's modular design assures scalability and adaptability, making it a vital tool for high-volume situations. By overcoming the limits of old approaches and using the power of ML, IP SafeGuard considerably boosts the efficiency and efficacy of current cybersecurity systems. Future work involves expanding the system to enable new threat intelligence sources and studying federated learning for secure and privacy-preserving threat information exchange. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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Design of a Dual Attention Mechanism for Small Object Detection

Design of a Dual Attention Mechanism for Small Object Detect...

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International Symposium on Computational and Business intelligence (ISCBI)

作者： Cheng Qian Simon Fong Hongxu Yin Chao Gao Huafeng Qin João Alexandre Lobo Marques School of Artificial Intelligence Chongqing Technology and Business University ChongQing China Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macau Laboratory of Applied Neurosciences - University of Saint Joseph Macau SAR China

ISBN: (数字)9798331533786

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533793

Detecting small objects remains a challenging task in object detection, with even notable models like YOLO struggling to achieve high accuracy in complex backgrounds. A dual attention (DA) mechanism specifically designed for small object detection is proposed in this paper, integrating two attention modules: the Global Grouped Coordinate Attention (GGCA) module, which enhances global information retention in feature maps for improved contextual integration, and the Median Pooling-Enhanced Multi-Scale Attention (MPSA) module, which increases noise resilience and refines multi-scale features. Experimental evaluations on datasets such as SHWD and Hardhat and Safety Vest demonstrate that incorporating the DA mechanism into YOLOv7 yields accuracy improvements of 0.75% and 0.59%, respectively, as well as gains of 0.57% and 0.17% on the Traffic Vehicles Dataset and J-EDI dataset. These results confirm that the proposed DA mechanism significantly enhances small object detection performance in complex scenes. Furthermore, this approach shows potential for application in medical imaging, potentially advancing precision in medical image analysis.

关键词： YOLO Attention mechanisms Accuracy Noise Feature extraction Safety Business intelligence Biomedical imaging Resilience

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