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Advanced hearing protection and auditory awareness in individuals with hearing loss

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2013年第5_SUPPLEMENT期133卷 3272-3272页

作者： Christian Giguere Chantal Laroche Véronique Vaillancourt Audiol./SLP Program Univ. of Ottawa 451 Smyth Rd. Ottawa ON K1H8M5 Canadacgiguere@uottawa.ca

In-ear and earmuff-type electronic protection devices are rapidly being introduced into the marketplace and deployed in noisy industrial workplaces and military settings. In these environments, workers must be sufficiently protected from noise while being able to maintain good communication abilities and situational awareness. Features such as level-dependent attenuation or amplification, user-adjustable talk-through circuitry, noise reduction, and remote communication capabilities are commonly found in advanced devices. The benefits of these features depend on their complex interaction with the signal and noise characteristics, the hearing status and language proficiency of the workers, and the nature of the auditory task. Yet, detailed electro-acoustical specifications are rarely reported by manufacturers. Measurement standards are also lacking, though the advent of ANSI/ASA S12.42 should in part address this situation. In this paper, the characteristics of two advanced devices are reported over a test battery including measurements of the passive sound attenuation, level-dependent talk-through sound transmission, and speech recognition in noise for listeners with a wide range of hearing profiles. Electronic level-dependent attenuation provided superior speech recognition performance than passive attenuation for all groups of listeners, and often exceeded unprotected speech recognition performance.

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Effect of a level-dependent hearing protector on detection thresholds, perceived urgency, and localization performance of reverse alarms

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The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2016年第4_SUPPLEMENT期140卷 3201-3201页

作者： Chantal Laroche Christian Giguère Véronique Vaillancourt Evgenia Shmigol Mani Rahnama Anne Gravel Tanya Vaillancourt Jérémie Chiasson Véronique Rozon-Gauthier Audiol. and SLP Program Univ. of Ottawa 451 Smyth Rd. Ottawa ON K1H 8M5 Canada claroche@uottawa.ca

Previous studies have shown that perception of warning signals in noisy workplaces can be compromised when wearing conventional hearing protectors. Level-dependent hearing protectors have been developed to increase environmental awareness and, by extension, to improve worker safety. A set of studies was conducted to assess the potential benefits of a level-dependent hearing protector operating in its passive and active modes, in quiet and in noise, for a range of listeners with normal hearing listening to reverse alarms. As expected, the detection of reverse alarms in quiet was improved in the active mode compared to the passive mode, but no significant benefit was found in noise. The active mode of the device only marginally helped to restore the sense of urgency conveyed by back-up alarms in noise, which was largely affected by passive *** localization of reverse alarms was slightly worse when wearing the device compared to unprotected listening, and was not improved in the active mode compared to the passive mode. In summary, when choosing a hearing protector to ensure adequate perception of reverse alarms, for example, different psychoacoustic tasks must be considered, also keeping in mind that level-dependent hearing protection does not necessarily restore performance to unprotected targets.

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Comparison of direct measurement methods for headset noise exposure in the workplace

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The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2013年第5_SUPPLEMENT期133卷 3594-3594页

作者： Flora Nassrallah Christian Giguère Hilmi R. Dajani Population Health Univ. of Ottawa 1 Stewart St. Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canadafnass039@uottawa.ca Audiol./SLP Program Univ. of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada School of Elec. Eng. and Comput. Sci. Univ. of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada

Specialized equipment and techniques are required to carry out direct sound measurements under occluded ears for the purpose of assessing the noise exposure from communication headsets. Standard ISO 11904 describes two procedures: (1) the microphone in a real ear (MIRE) and (2) the acoustic manikin technique using an occluded ear simulator IEC 60318-4. Methods using simpler artificial ears, such as IEC 60318-1, have also been proposed in occupational noise measurement standards such as CAN/CSA Z107.56. Such devices are more practical to use and more easily accessible. However, they have not been designed specifically for noise measurements under communication headsets and there is little comparative data to the manikin technique, which is considered the gold standard for simulated in-situ acoustic measurements. Furthermore, little is known about measurement reliability for the purpose of standardization. Fit-refit measurements were obtained under laboratory conditions with four different types of artificial ears (type 1, type 2, type 3.3, manikin), three communication headset types (circum-aural, supra-aural, intra-aural) and six different communication signals. Data was transformed into equivalent-diffuse sound levels using third-octave procedures as well as single number corrections. Results illustrate that methods using single number corrections as well as fit-refit standard deviations vary according to measurement conditions.

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