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27th International Conference on Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Sytems, KES 2023

作者： Stanczyk, Urszula Department of Graphics Computer Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A Gliwice44-100 Poland

Decision reducts and rules belong to forms used for the representation of knowledge learnt from input data while using a rough set approach in the exploration stage. As with any patterns that capture properties of data, the size is considered as the most important indicator of their quality, as a more general and concise description allows for improved understanding and simplified interpretation. The size of a reduct is given by its cardinality, and for a rule it is a number of included conditions, both referred to as lengths. These lengths undergo transformations along with data transformations, so such processing as discretisation leads to changed characteristics of existing patterns and through them also reducts and rules. The paper presents research with contributions in the observations focused on the influence of supervised and unsupervised discretisation on properties of attributes, induced decision reducts, and rules, offering a deeper insight into relations among them. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)

关键词： Data exploration decision reduct decision rule discretisation knowledge representation rough set theory transformation

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Should supervised discretisation always be trusted unreservedly? On combining characteristics of supervised and unsupervised discretisation algorithms in two-step processing 27

Should supervised discretisation always be trusted unreserve...

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27th International Conference on Knowledge Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Sytems, KES 2023

作者： Stanczyk, Urszula Baron, Grzegorz Department of Graphics Computer Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A Gliwice44-100 Poland

The paper presents a description of the research methodology dedicated to a two-step discretisation process applied to the input numeric data, with combining the characteristics of selected supervised and unsupervised algorithms, which leads to extended processing of some attributes in train and test sets. The methodology was illustrated with the investigations carried out in the domain of stylometric analysis of texts, for two datasets prepared for the task of binary authorship attribution. The several variants of transformed input data obtained were subjected to exploration using two selected machine learning methods capable of inducing knowledge from both continuous and categorical forms, namely the PART and J48 classifiers. The results from the experiments indicate that, as can be expected, supervised transformations of data work well enough, however, they do not always return the best outcome. The two-step processing of some attributes shows sufficient promise to warrant a closer study, as opposed to always unconditionally relying only on supervised algorithms as outperforming all other approaches. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0)

关键词： Authorship attribution Data representation Pattern recognition Stylometry Supervised discretisation Unsupervised discretisation

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Complete OCR Solution for Image Analysis of World War 2 Documents 21

Complete OCR Solution for Image Analysis of World War 2 Docu...

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21st RoEduNet Conference on Networking in Education and Research, RoEduNet 2022

作者： Gradinaru, Mihai Negru, Andrei Boiangiu, Costin-Anton Tarba, Nicolae Voncila, Mihai-Lucian Deaconescu, Razvan Adrian Politehnica University Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers Computer Science and Engineering Department Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (数字)9781665455282

ISBN: (纸本)9781665455282

The field of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) consists of techniques that are mainly focused on document image analysis. Aside from generating significant speedups of everyday procedures, OCR has a considerable role in the preservation of historical sources of information. Most of the World War 2 (WW2) documents are of great importance, especially with applications in virtual archives, museums, and research. The situation asks for an efficient, yet not aggressive, transcribing method using OCR tools. This paper describes an approach in the context of the given problem. The focus is oriented towards extracting the information from documents affected by their age, but with simpler structures, mainly split into paragraphs, such as letters and military reports. The approach is based on combining the results of multiple OCR engines, with the final objective of achieving better performance compared to the individual performance of each engine. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Engines

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Low-cost air pollution monitoring systems

Low-cost air pollution monitoring systems

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International Conference on System Theory, control, and Computing (ICSTCC)

作者： Silvian-Marian Petrică Ioana Făgărășan Iulia Stamatescu Nicoleta Arghira Radu-Nicolae Pietraru Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Science Politehnica of Bucharest Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (数字)9798350364293

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364309

Recently, discussions on air pollution have escalated due to its harmful impact on human health. More and more often we meet a remarkable interest in air quality monitoring, the society we are living in is increasingly approaching methods of acquiring and installing weather and air quality monitoring stations in different locations, whether we are talking about urban or rural areas. While traditional air quality monitoring systems are slightly outdated and they have limitations in providing real-time data at a reasonable cost, technological advances such as the Internet of Things (IoT) offer promising solutions for efficient monitoring in terms of costs, time and energy consumption. Thus, currently smart cities manage to successfully integrate both hardware and software devices to establish complete air quality monitoring systems. This paper proposes an extensive state-of-the-art and a synthesis on the environmental parameters and the air quality index obtained through certain current methods of air quality *** overcome today’s pollution monitoring systems drawbacks, the air quality index (AQI) was defined according to EU and World Health Organization standards. The AQI was computed based on three different databases in a proposed online application for pollution monitoring and analysis. The calculation method of AQI with existing monitoring systems was compared with current standards AQI for a clear and uniform view of air quality.

关键词： Costs Smart cities Soft sensors Standards organizations Air quality Air pollution Indexes Internet of Things Monitoring Standards

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Time-dependent analysis of the interaction between energy harvesting, leakage and consumption processes in a Green IoT Device

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 86120-86132页

作者： Kuaban, Godlove Suila Czachorski, Tadeusz Gelenbe, Erol Czekalski, Piotr Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics Baltycka 5 Gliwice44-100 Poland Silesian University of Technology Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Akademicka 16 Gliwice44-100 Poland

The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming industries by enhancing productivity and efficiency;however, energy availability remains a significant challenge due to the limited capacity of batteries and supercapacitors powering IoT devices. The emergence of Green IoT (G-IoT) frameworks, which prioritize energy efficiency and renewable energy integration, offers a promising solution to address this challenge. Despite these advancements, energy storage systems (ESSs) face issues such as capacity degradation, leakage, and charge redistribution, which can lead to energy depletion and service disruptions. Traditional models often assume constant energy harvesting rates, overlooking the time-varying nature of environmental conditions that influence energy availability. In this paper, we propose a novel mathematical framework that incorporates time-dependent fluctuations in the energy harvesting rate to analyze the dynamic interactions between energy harvesting, leakage, and consumption in green IoT systems. Our approach includes an energy packet model to represent transient energy dynamics and a Markov model to capture fluctuations in the energy harvesting rate. Through numerical simulations, we evaluate the impact of key design parameters, such as ESS capacity, mean energy consumption rate, energy leakage, and energy harvesting rate variations, on critical performance metrics including the probability of energy depletion and the transient mean number of stored energy packets. The results highlight the importance of considering time-varying energy harvesting in the design and optimization of IoT systems for long-term operation and sustainability. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Retinal Vessels 21st

Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Retinal Vessels

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21st Polish control Conference, PCC 2023

作者： Bieda, Robert Jaskot, Krzysztof Jaworski, Marcin Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Department of Automatic Control and Robotics Silesian University of Technology ul. Akademicka 16 room 625 Gliwice44-100 Poland OPTOMED Ophthalmological Center for Children and Adults Chorzów Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783031351723

The article is an introduction to quantitative analysis retinal blood vessels. The analysis uses an active contouring system to isolate blood vessels obtained by scanning with an Angio-OTC device. It should bring possibility to make therapeutic decisions and determine the treatment prognosis that are based on the results of quantitative analysis of neovascular changes. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Blood vessels

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Reinforcement Learning-Based Output Stabilization control for Nonlinear Systems With Generalized Disturbances 25

Reinforcement Learning-Based Output Stabilization Control fo...

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25th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2024

作者： Tang, Zezhi Rossiter, J Anthony Dong, Yi Panoutsos, George University Of Sheffield Department Of Automatic Control And Systems Engineering SheffieldS13JD United Kingdom University Of Southampton Department Of Electronics And Computer Science Southampton United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340266

This paper proposes a new disturbance observer (DO)-based reinforcement learning (RL) control approach for nonlinear systems with unmatched (generalized) disturbances. While a nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) is utilized to measure the plant uncertainties, disturbances can exist in the plant via distinct channels from those of the control signals;so-called mismatched disturbances are theoretically difficult to attenuate within the channel of the system's states. A generalized disturbance observer-based compensator is implemented to address the uncertainty cancellation problem by removing the influence of uncertainties from the output channels. Con-currently, a composite actor-critic RL scheme is utilized for approximating the optimal control policy as well as the ideal value function pertaining to the compensated system by solving a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation for both online and offline iterations simultaneously. Stability analysis verifies the convergence of the proposed framework. Simulation results are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Nonlinear systems

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FPGA-based Real-Time High-resolution Image Processing for rocket on-board processing 17

FPGA-based Real-Time High-resolution Image Processing for ro...

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17th IEEE International Conference on computer Research and Development, ICCRD 2025

作者： Zhou, Hui Wang, Xiaofeng Xie, Yujia Cao, Yongxiang Tang, Yu Huo, Yongchun Wen, Huan Zhao, Xiongbo Li, Chaoran National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Intelligent Control Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute Beijing China Beihang University Computer Science and Engineering Beijing China Beihang University National Superior College for Engineers Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531881

The structure of the rocket-borne model is inherently complex, with processed images exhibiting high resolution and generating substantial amounts of data and calculations. Achieving robust real-Time computing on an embedded platform poses significant challenges due to strictly limited resources, power consumption constraints, and size limitations. Our review of rocket-borne applications reveals considerable variability in the design resources of different devices, indicating a need for expanded design approaches. Upon evaluating existing methods, we identified two primary drawbacks. First, certain operators within the high-resolution target detection model are difficult to parallelize, resulting in significant inference delays that hinder the ability to meet task requirements. Although existing methods have been extended, there remains significant potential for performance enhancement in core scheduling for poor acceleration. This paper proposes an optimized architecture for the target detection algorithm accelerator designed for high-resolution images, along with a novel highly parallel data pre-processing and post-processing module implemented on FPGA to address these issues. Compared to the ARM implementation, this architecture demonstrates an improved performance of 24.64x. Furthermore, to ensure flexible application across various rocket launch scenarios, we introduce an optimization structure for convolution, pooling, and fusion operators and a multi-core expansion optimization method. This approach yields a 1.29x improvement in computing unit utilization compared to state-of-The-Art multi-core scaling efforts. Finally, we assessed the accelerator architecture across multiple FPGA platforms, achieving a peak processing element utilization rate of 99.71% for a single core and layer. The overall computing efficiency, excluding the first layer, exceeded 90%. The peak computing power for the four cores reached 1638.4 GOPS, and the end-To-end computation time for

关键词： Image enhancement

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The Informativity Approach: To Data-Driven Analysis and control

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IEEE control Systems 2023年第6期43卷 32-66页

作者： Van Waarde, Henk J. Eising, Jaap Camlibel, M. Kanat Trentelman, Harry L. Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence University of Groningen 9747 AG Netherlands Automatic Control Laboratory ETH Zürich Zürich8092 Switzerland University of Groningen Groningen9700 AB Netherlands

Roughly speaking, systems and control theory deals with the problem of making a concrete physical system behave according to certain desired specifications. To achieve this desired behavior, the system can be interconnected with a physical device, called a controller. The problem of finding a mathematical description of such a controller is called the control design problem. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： controllers

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control structures with anticipative action for thermoenergetic processes

Control structures with anticipative action for thermoenerge...

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International Conference on System Theory, control, and Computing (ICSTCC)

作者： Crina Torous Dumitru Popescu Severus Constantin Olteanu Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Science University Politehnica of Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (数字)9798350364293

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364309

The paper aims at bringing enhancements for the control of thermo-energetic processes by proposing anticipative action in order to reduce the perturbation effects in the process. Our contribution is organized in three connected sections. After a short introduction, in the first section, the dynamic model of the transfer energy between agent and product is estimated based on thermal balance equations, to explore the static and dynamic evolution of the process and to design the control system algorithms. In the second section, the nominal digital system is designed based on dynamic model and the imposed performances for the close loop system are validated through simulation. In the final section, the cascade and feedforward structures are designed respectively. The performances based on anticipative action, guarantee the invariance of the system, being validated in a simulation environment. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of this research and the possibility of transferring these results towards the industrial heat processes. Finally, the conclusions and perspectives are given.

关键词： Automation Adaptive systems Heuristic algorithms Process control control systems Mathematical models Temperature control Feedforward systems Heat transfer Thermal energy

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