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5th National and the 1st International Conference on Applied Research in Electrical engineering, AREE 2025

作者： Mousavi, Mohammad Hossein Moradi, Hassan Rouzbehi, Kumars Razi University Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering Kermanshah Iran University of Seville Department of System Engineering and Automatic Control Seville Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377170

The AC-DC Energy Nodes (ADENs) concept offers a transformative approach to modernizing power grids, particularly in the context of supergrids. By centralizing power flows from diverse renewable energy sources, such as offshore wind farms, ADENs enable efficient long-distance power transmission through HVDC technology. This design enhances the balance of supply and demand across regions and countries, significantly improving grid stability and resilience. However, the implementation of ADENs presents substantial technical, regulatory, and cybersecurity challenges. This study delves into these challenges while also addressing the geopolitical complexities of transnational connections, underscoring the critical importance of policy alignment for successful deployment. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Wind power integration

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Small Signal Stability-Guaranteed Moving Target Defense Against Load Redistribution Attack On IoT-based Smart Grid

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 17413-17429页

作者： Wang, Bingdong Zhang, Zhenyong Wang, Mufeng Liu, Mengxiang Ye, Rui Deng, Ruilong Zhang, Xin Guizhou University State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and Technology Guiyang550025 China China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team Beijing100040 China University of Sheffield Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering Sheffield United Kingdom Guizhou Power Grid Co. Ltd. Intelligent Operation Center China Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and Engineering Hangzhou310027 China Huzhou Institute of Industrial Control Technology Huzhou313000 China

Moving target defense (MTD) is a promising approach to defend against load redistribution attacks on the internet-of-things (IoT)-based smart grid networks by probing the distorted state estimates with the distributed flexible AC transmission system. However, existing studies mainly focus on optimizing the performance of MTD and ignore the safety effect of it on the system’s operation. In this paper, we fill this gap by deeply analyzing the effect of MTD on the small signal stability and aim to alleviate the negative impact and guarantee its defending performance simultaneously. Firstly, the stability is formally described using the eigenvalue sensitivity. The relationship between the MTD-induced perturbation (MTDper) and the stability criteria is derived. Secondly, a new indicator is proposed to measure the effectiveness of MTDper. Thirdly, a constrained optimization problem is formulated to compute the bound of MTDper for guaranteeing the small signal stability. In addition, a surprising finding is that the stability margin can be improved and enhanced by optimizing the value of MTDper without losing the MTD’s effectiveness. Finally, we evaluate the performance of MTDper and its impact on the small signal stability with extensive simulations on the IEEE 30-bus, 39-bus, and 68-bus test power systems. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Constrained optimization

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Architecture of AC-DC Energy Nodes in Supergrids: A Technical Foundation for Future Renewable Integration

Architecture of AC-DC Energy Nodes in Supergrids: A Technica...

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Applied Research in Electrical engineering (AREE), National and International Conference on

作者： Mohammad Hossein Mousavi Hassan Moradi Kumars Rouzbehi Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering Razi University Kermanshah Iran Department of System Engineering and Automatic Control University of Seville Seville Spain

ISBN: (数字)9798350377170

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377187

关键词： Renewable energy sources Supply and demand Protocols HVDC transmission Wind farms Power system stability Stability analysis Computer security Protection Resilience

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Coordinate projected gradient descent minimization and its application to orthogonal nonnegative matrix factorization

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chorobura, Flavia Lupu, Daniela Necoara, Ion Automatic Control and System Engineering Department University Politehnica Bucharest Spl. Independentei Bucharest060042 Romania

In this paper we consider large-scale composite nonconvex optimization problems having the objective function formed as a sum of three terms, first has block coordinate-wise Lipschitz continuous gradient, second is twice differentiable but nonseparable and third is the indicator function of some separable closed convex set. Under these general settings we derive and analyze a new cyclic coordinate descent method, which uses the partial gradient of the differentiable part of the objective, yielding a coordinate gradient descent scheme with a novel adaptive stepsize rule. We prove that this stepsize rule makes the coordinate gradient scheme a descent method, provided that additional assumptions hold for the second term in the objective function. We also present a worst-case complexity analysis for this new method in the nonconvex settings. Numerical results on orthogonal nonnegative matrix factorization problem also confirm the efficiency of our algorithm. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Matrix algebra

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Reducing force transmissibility in multiple degrees of freedom structures through anti-symmetric nonlinear viscous damping

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2012年第5期28卷 1436-1448页

作者： Z.-K.Peng Z.-Q.Lang G.Meng S.A.Billings State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield

In the present study, the Volterra series theory is adopted to theoretically investigate the force transmissibility of multiple degrees of freedom （MDOF） structures, in which an isolator with nonlinear anti-symmetric viscous damping is assembled. The results reveal that the anti-symmetric nonlinear viscous damping can significantly reduce the force trans- missibility over all resonance regions for MDOF structures with little effect on the transmissibility over non-resonant and isolation regions. The results indicate that the vibration isolators with an anti-symmetric damping characteristic have great potential to solve the dilemma occurring in the design of linear viscously damped vibration isolators where an increase of the damping level reduces the force transmissibility over resonant frequencies but increases the transmissibility over non-resonant frequency regions. This work is an extension of a previous study in which MDOF structures installed on the mount through an isolator with cubic nonlinear damping are considered. The theoretical analysis results are also verified by simulation studies.

关键词： Nonlinear viscous damping Force transmissibility - Vibration isolation Volterra series

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LDGCN: An Edge-End Lightweight Dual GCN Based on Single-Channel EEG for Driver Drowsiness Monitoring

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2025年

作者： Huang, Jingwei Wang, Chuansheng Huang, Jiayan Fan, Haoyi Xue, Xingsi Zhang, Fuquan Fuzhou University College of Computer and Big Data Fuzhou China Polytechnic University of Catalonia Department of Automatic Control Barcelona Spain Putian University New Engineering Industry College Putian China Fujian University of Technology Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Applications Fujian Fuzhou350118 China Minjiang University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control Fuzhou China Minjiang University College of Computer and Control Engineering Fuzhou China Sichuan Conservatory of Music Digital Media Art Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu China Minjiang University Fuzhou Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent Manufacturing information System Fuzhou China Fuzhou China

Driver drowsiness electroencephalogram (EEG) signal monitoring can promptly alert drivers of their drowsiness in edge-end Consumer Electronics (CE), thereby reducing the probability of traffic accidents. Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have shown significant advancements in processing the non-stationary, time-varying, and non-Euclidean nature of EEG signals. However, the existing single-channel EEG adjacency graph construction process lacks interpretability, which hinders the ability of GCNs to effectively extract adjacency graph features, thus affecting the performance of drowsiness monitoring. To address this issue, we propose an edge-end Lightweight Dual Graph Convolutional Network (LDGCN). Specifically, we are the first to incorporate neurophysiological knowledge to design a Baseline Drowsiness Status Adjacency Graph (BDSAG), which characterizes driver drowsiness status. Additionally, to express more features within limited EEG data, we introduce the Augmented Graph-level Module (AGM). This module captures global and local information at the graph level, ensuring that BDSAG features remain intact while enhancing effective feature expression capability. To further enhance the application of CE, we apply Adaptive Pruning Optimization (APO) to the channels and neurons of LDGCN, which nearly halves the inference latency. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that LDGCN offers the best trade-off between monitoring performance and hardware resource utilization, outperforming existing state-of-the-art algorithms. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Neurons

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controllable reactor based hybrid HVDC breaker

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High Voltage 2020年第5期5卷 543-548页

作者： Amir Heidary Mehdi Bigdeli Kumars Rouzbehi Department of Electrical Engineering Zanjan BranchIslamic Azad UniversityZanjanIran 2Department of System Engineering and Automatic ControlUniversity of SevilleSevilleSpain

Short circuit fault occurrence in high-voltage DC (HVDC) systems causes extremely high currents in a fast raising time that does not experience current zero-crossing. To protect HVDC systems/grids against fault current, fast HVDC breaker is an essential equipment. This study presents the design procedure of a novel HVDC breaker based on solid-state controllable reactor which is able to reduce the fault current's rate of rise and fault current amplitude to less than grid nominal current in the breaking process. The main achievement of the proposed HVDC breaker is that not only breaker does not encounter fault current, but also none of the series HVDC equipment is influenced by the fault. The designed breaker performance is studied by PSCAD/EMTPS, and then the simulation results are validated by the developed laboratory experimental setup.

关键词： fault EMTP nominal

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Modelling and simulation of sit-to-stand in humanoid dynamic model

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11th International Conference on Climbing and Walking Robots and the Support Technologies for Mobile Machines, CLAWAR 2008

作者： Gharooni, S.C. Joghtaei, M. Tokhi, M.O. Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering University of Sheffield United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9812835768

The goal of this study is to investigate torque profiles of each active joint in sit-to-stand (SiSt) mode arm free and with seesaw exercise machine. This paper considers the development of a dynamic humanoid model for SiSt demonstration. It consists of two main parts, the development of human model using Visual Nastran and the development of a controller for controlled movement of the system. A closed loop feedback finite-state PID control strategy is used. In order to reduce torque amplitude profile on each joint, a seesaw mechanism is realised to reduce the upper body load on lower extremity. In this method only knee joint torque in the range of stimulation muscle torque (50Nm) was adequate to perform sit to stand without relying on hip and ankle joints. Copyright © 2008 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.

关键词： Torque

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Active vibration control of a flexible plate using recursive least square with directional forgetting factor

Active vibration control of a flexible plate using recursive...

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16th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2009, ICSV 2009

作者： Salleh, S.M. Tokhi, M.O. Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering University of Sheffield United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781615677368

Unwanted vibration affects light weight flexible structures leading to problems such as fatigue, instability and performance reduction. Structural vibration further leads to noise nuisance problems when coupled with acoustic fields. Thus, controlling vibration is of practical importance so as to reduce its influence on the environment. In this paper, a flexible plate structure is utilised as a platform to assess the performance of an active vibration control (AVC) mechanism developed in this work based on a recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm with directional forgetting factor (DFF). The system employs a single input and single output (SISO) control configuration, and this is realised within the Matlab/Simulink environment. A model-based control design approach, incorporating identification of the system model based on DFF-RLS algorithm is carried out. Three different excitation signals, namely finite duration step, random and pseudo random binary signal (PRBS), are used as test signals. The investigations concentrate on the first five resonance modes of the structure, and assess the ability of the developed controllers in attenuating the deflection of the plate structure. The performance of the AVC system is presented in both time and frequency domains. Simulation results reveal that the RLS algorithm with directional forgetting factor can achieve better results in controlling the vibration in flexible plate structures in comparison to RLS with constant forgetting factor.

关键词： Flexible structures

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Modelling of muscle extension and flexion for FES-assisted indoor rowing exercise

Modelling of muscle extension and flexion for FES-assisted i...

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2nd Asia International Conference on Modelling and Simulation, AMS 2008

作者： Hussain, Z. Tokhi, M.O. Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering University of Sheffield United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780769531366

This paper presents the development of physiological and mathematical model of muscle extension and flexion induced by functional electrical stimulation (FES) for indoor rowing exercise. Three segmental models with nine mono-articular and bi-articular muscle groups are developed to drive hip, knee and ankle extension and flexion. The developed muscle models are evaluated under the dynamic simulation of FES-assisted indoor rowing exercise. The muscle forces and active joint moments generated by each muscle group during rowing manoeuvres are recorded and analysed. In view of good results obtained, it is suggested that the muscle models developed can be used as artificially activated muscle models for future development of FES-assisted indoor rowing exercise. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Muscle

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