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Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)

作者： D. Soudris T. Chronopoulos N. Koussoulas T. Stouraitis Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Democritus University of Thrace Xanthi Greece Lab of Automation and Robotics Department of Electrical Engineering University of Patras Achaia Greece VLSI Design Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Technology University of Patras Achaia Greece

A systematic methodology is introduced for designing highly pipelined array architectures for implementation of Discrete Radon Transform and its Inverse, starting from the algorithmic level and ending with the architectural (hardware) level. Due to large amount of data, the original algorithm is partitioned into nested loops that can be easily mapped onto fixed-size hardware. The proposed methodology derives a plethora of alternative architectures, which meet various parameters such as high-throughput rate, maximum hardware utilization, and pipelinability. Moreover, the derived architectures are piecewise regular and consist of linear and/or 2-D systolic arrays.

关键词： Discrete transforms Computer architecture Algorithm design and analysis Partitioning algorithms Hardware Systolic arrays Geophysics computing Concurrent computing Image reconstruction robotics and automation

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A cross-country teleprogramming experiment

A cross-country teleprogramming experiment

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： M.R. Stein R.P. Paul P.S. Schenker E.D. Paljug TDepartment of Mechanicaland Materials Engineering Wilkes University Wilkes Barre PA USA General Robotics and Active Sensory PerceptionGRASP) Laboratory University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Automation and Control SectionJet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA

The teleprogramming system is a supervisory control approach to time delayed teleoperation that incorporates predictive graphics and reactive skills to accomplish dexterous manipulation tasks in the presence of significant time delay. This paper presents an experimental effort to validate the teleprogramming system using the GRASP Laboratory of the University of Pennsylvania as the operator station and the TROPICS Laboratory of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory as the remote site. The teleprogramming experiment involved operator supervisory control of a robot performing puncture and slice operations on the thermal blanket securing tape of a satellite repair mission sub-task This experiment was successfully performed in August, 1994 using the Internet as the sole medium of communication. During experimentation, messages experienced time-varying time delay between three and fifteen seconds with an average delay of approximately six seconds.

关键词： Delay effects Laboratories Supervisory control Graphics Propulsion Robots Artificial satellites Internet

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On robot navigation using identical landmarks: integrating measurements from a time-of-flight laser

On robot navigation using identical landmarks: integrating m...

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International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI)

作者： U. Larsson J. Forsberg A. Wernersson Robotics & Automation Luleå University of Technology Skane Lan Sweden

This paper presents an algorithm for fusing scans from a time-of-flight laser and odometer readings from the robot. The range weighted Hough transform is used as a robust method to extract lines from the range data. The resulting peaks are used as feature coordinates when these lines/walls are used as landmarks during navigation. The associations between observations over the time sequence are made in a systematic way using a decision directed classifier. Natural geometrical landmarks are described in the robot frame together with a covariance matrix representing the spatial uncertainty. The map is thus built incrementally as the robot moves. If the map is given in advance the robot can find its location and navigate relative to the map. Experimental results and simulations are presented for a mobile robot with a scanning range measuring laser with 2 cm resolution.< >

关键词： Navigation Robot kinematics robotics and automation Mobile robots Covariance matrix Laser fusion Testing Paper technology Robustness Data mining

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Intelligent control of flexible autonomous robots. II. Implementation

Intelligent control of flexible autonomous robots. II. Imple...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： S. Jagannathan The Automation and Robotics Research Institute University of Technology Arlington USA

Recent work in intelligent systems suggests that a pertinent discipline based on artificial intelligence, operations research and control theory is evolving to imitate human behaviour. In this paper, the theory of intelligent machines, based on the Distributed multi-agent problem solving using constraint satisfaction with feedback, is applied successfully, to the hierarchical control of robots through the incorporation of constraint based strategies with learning, for addressing the planning, coordination and decision making issues.< >

关键词： Intelligent control Intelligent robots Artificial intelligence Robot kinematics Constraint theory Intelligent systems Machine intelligence Operations research Control theory Humans

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Feedback linearization using neural networks

Feedback linearization using neural networks

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： A. Yesildirek F.L. Lewis Automation and Robotics Research Institute University of Technology Arlington TX USA

For a class of single-input, single-output (SISO), continuous-time nonlinear systems, a neural network-based controller is presented that feedback linearizes the system. Control action is used to achieve tracking performance for a state-feedback linearizable, but unknown nonlinear system. A global stability proof is given in the sense of Lyapunov. It is shown that all the signals in the closed-loop system and the control action are GUUB. No learning phase requirement is needed and initialisation of the network is straightforward.< >

关键词： Neurofeedback Neural networks Control systems Nonlinear systems Linear feedback control systems Nonlinear control systems Automatic control robotics and automation Stability Extraterrestrial measurements

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Optimal and suboptimal motion planning for collision avoidance of mobile robots in non-stationary environments

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Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems: Theory and Applications 1994年第3期11卷 223-267页

作者： Kyriakopoulos, K.J. Saridis, G.N. New York State Cent for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics NY United States

An optimal control formulation of the problem of collision avoidance of mobile robots moving in terrains containing moving obstacles is presented. A dynamic model of the mobile robot and the dynamic constraints are derived. Collision avoidance is guaranteed if the minimum distance between the robot and the objects is nonzero. A nominal trajectory is assumed to be known from off-line planning. The main idea is to change the velocity along the nominal trajectory so that collisions are avoided. Furthermore, time consistency with the nominal plan is desirable. Two solutions are obtained: (1) A numerical solution of the optimization problem and a perturbation type of control to update the optimal plan and (2) A computationally efficient method giving near optimal solutions. Simulation results verify the value of the proposed strategies and allow for comparisons.

关键词： Mobile robots

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IVIS: an integrated volumetric inspection system

IVIS: an integrated volumetric inspection system

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Proceedings of the CAD-Based Vision Workshop

作者： G.H. Tarbox S.N. Gottschlich New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

Presents a novel approach to automated visual inspection based on comparing volumetric models of a reference object to a model of an actual object iteratively created from sensor data. The use of volumetric models gives this approach a number of distinct advantages over more traditional surface-based methods. First, there is no need to identify "features" which is important when inspecting objects whose features are difficult to identify. Second, volumetric inspection lends itself naturally to multi-sensor applications. Finally, true 3-D comparisons of the reference and sensed objects can be easily carried out using volumetric models.< >

关键词： Inspection Solid modeling robotics and automation Casting Machining Materials science and technology Geometry Robot sensing systems Manufacturing industries Production

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Position and force control of a multifingered hand: a comparison of fuzzy logic to traditional PID control

Position and force control of a multifingered hand: a compar...

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： D. Hristu J. Babb H. Singh S. Gottschlich NYS Center for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics and Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

In this paper we will discuss the control of a five-fingered, 18 degree of freedom, tendon driven robot hand known as the Atlas Anthrobot. Developing a traditional PID controller for this hand has proved difficult because the behavior of the tendon drive system produces is highly nonlinear. This nonlinear nature of the system however does suggest it as a candidate for fuzzy control. Along these lines we have developed a PID control system and a fuzzy control system for the hand which are both capable of simultaneously controlling the position of the fingertips and the amount of force exerted through a contact point on the fingertip. In this paper we will present a comparison between the two systems in order to generally make statements about the appropriateness of each controller for controlling complicated tendon driven devices such as our robot hand.< >

关键词： Force control Fuzzy logic Three-term control Control systems Robots Fingers Tendons Fuzzy control robotics and automation Automatic control

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Unified telerobotic architecture project program overview

Unified telerobotic architecture project program overview

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： M.B. Leahy S.B. Petroski AFMC Robotics and Automation Center of Excellence Technology Industrial Support Directorate Specialized Engineering Branch Advanced Process Technology Section San Antonio Air Logistics Center TX USA AFMC Robotics and Automation Center of Excellence Technology and Industrial Support Directorate Specialized Engineering Branch Advanced Process Technology Section San Antonio Air Logistics Center TX USA

The time is right to transition telerobotics beyond the traditional hazardous environment domain into industrial repair and remanufacturing applications. Air Force depots are prime examples of an industrial environment where small batch sizes, feature uncertainty, and varying workload conspire to make classical industrial robotic solutions impractical and telerobotics a key enabling technology. The United States Air Force, Air Force Material Command, robotics and automation Center of Excellence (RACE) has launched the Unified Telerobotics Architecture Project (UTAP) to champion the development of the support infrastructure necessary to foster creative development and innovative utilization of emerging telerobotic technologies for depot applications. The UTAP program is the focus of this paper.< >

关键词： Telerobotics Industrial control

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A tactile sensing system for dexterous manipulation

A tactile sensing system for dexterous manipulation

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： B.L. Gery S.N. Gottschlich New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Automation and Robotics and Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

One factor that limits the range of tasks that robots can perform robustly is the scarcity of useful sensors available to provide feedback to the robot control system. While much progress has been made with vision sensors and force/torque sensors, tactile sensing systems have fallen behind, and so general-purpose tactile sensing systems are not commercially available. The aim of this work is therefore to produce a tactile sensing system that could be manufactured inexpensively, could be used on a wide variety of robotic systems, and would provide the kind of output typically required in dexterous manipulation applications. Such a tactile sensing system will be presented in this paper. The tactile transducers used in this system are based on semiconductive ink technology that allows transducers of any size, shape, and resistance range to be produced merely by altering the ink printing process and substrate geometry. Each sensor outputs three pieces of information that are useful in robotic manipulation-two parameters indicating the location of a contact point on the transducer and one parameter specifying the amount of force being exerted at the contact point. So that the sensing system could support transducers of different shapes and sizes, the analog interface circuitry of this system has been designed to be fully programmable, and also includes circuitry to enable self-calibration with appropriate software.< >

关键词： Transducers Robot sensing systems Sensor systems Tactile sensors Force sensors Ink Shape Circuits Robust control Feedback

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