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A deep convolutional neural network for COVID-19 detection using chest X-rays

Research on Biomedical engineering 2022年第1期38卷 139-148页

作者： Bassi, Pedro R. A. S. Attux, Romis Department of Computer Engineering and Industrial Automation School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

Purpose: We present image classifiers based on Dense Convolutional Networks and transfer learning to classify chest X-ray images according to three labels: COVID-19, pneumonia, and normal. Methods: We fine-tuned neural networks pretrained on ImageNet and applied a twice transfer learning approach, using NIH ChestX-ray14 dataset as an intermediate step. We also suggested a novelty called output neuron keeping, which changes the twice transfer learning technique. In order to clarify the modus operandi of the models, we used Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) to generate heatmaps. Results: We were able to reach test accuracy of 100% on our test dataset. Twice transfer learning and output neuron keeping showed promising results improving performances, mainly in the beginning of the training process. Although LRP revealed that words on the X-rays can influence the networks’ predictions, we discovered this had only a very small effect on accuracy. Conclusion: Although clinical studies and larger datasets are still needed to further ensure good generalization, the state-of-the-art performances we achieved show that, with the help of artificial intelligence, chest X-rays can become a cheap and accurate auxiliary method for COVID-19 diagnosis. Heatmaps generated by LRP improve the interpretability of the deep neural networks and indicate an analytical path for future research on diagnosis. Twice transfer learning with output neuron keeping improved DNN performance. © 2021, Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica.

关键词： COVID-19

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A Relative-Error-Dependent TOD Protocol for Cyber-Physical Systems under an Event-Triggered Communication

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems 2025年 3卷 318-328页

作者： Yang, Hongchenyu Peng, Chen Tian, Engang Shanghai University School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai Key Laboratory of Power Station Automation Technology Shanghai200444 China University of Shanghai for Science and Technology School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering Shanghai200093 China

To deal with different data magnitudes or measurement units of different system nodes, a novel relative-error-dependent try-once-discard (RED-TOD) communication protocol with event-triggered detectors is proposed to improve the accuracy and reliability of node selection for band-limited cyber-physical systems. With the combined effect of the absolute error and the relative error, a novel node activation condition is proposed to comprehensively reflect and fairly compare node transmission requirements. Under such a stricter scheduling rule, the node selection is more accurate as required and the available communication bandwidth is utilized with higher efficiency. Moreover, periodic sampling module and event-triggered detectors are placed before RED-TOD scheduling scheme to deal with redundancy and inaccurate transmissions of the existing variable sampling scheme. Taking the proposed scheduling scheme and non-small network-induced delay into account, an impulsive closed-loop system model is well established. Sufficient criteria for input-to-state stabilization are derived by employing the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach. A searching algorithm is also presented to co-design optimized scheduler parameters and controller gains. Furthermore, to avoid continuous calculations, the next transmission instant and the dormant period of the event-triggered detector are predicted according to the present information carried by each node. Finally, an illustrative example is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed scheduling method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Feedback control

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A Novel Self-Supervised Learning Network for Binocular Disparity Estimation

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 209-229页

作者： Jiawei Tian Yu Zhou Xiaobing Chen Salman A.AlQahtani Hongrong Chen Bo Yang Siyu Lu Wenfeng Zheng Department of Computer Science and Engineering Major in Bio Artificial IntelligenceHanyang UniversityAnsan-si15577Republic of Korea School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11574Saudi Arabia School of Automation University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054China

Two-dimensional endoscopic images are susceptible to interferences such as specular reflections and monotonous texture illumination,hindering accurate three-dimensional lesion reconstruction by surgical *** study proposes a novel end-to-end disparity estimation model to address these *** approach combines a Pseudo-Siamese neural network architecture with pyramid dilated convolutions,integrating multi-scale image information to enhance robustness against lighting *** study introduces a Pseudo-Siamese structure-based disparity regression model that simplifies left-right image comparison,improving accuracy and *** model was evaluated using a dataset of stereo endoscopic videos captured by the Da Vinci surgical robot,comprising simulated silicone heart sequences and real heart video *** results demonstrate significant improvement in the network’s resistance to lighting interference without substantially increasing ***,the model exhibited faster convergence during training,contributing to overall performance *** study advances endoscopic image processing accuracy and has potential implications for surgical robot applications in complex environments.

关键词： Parallax estimation parallax regression model self-supervised learning Pseudo-Siamese neural network pyramid dilated convolution binocular disparity estimation

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VITMST++: Efficient Hyperspectral Reconstruction Through Vision Transformer-Based Spatial Compression

IEEE Open Journal of Signal Processing

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IEEE Open Journal of Signal Processing 2025年 6卷 398-404页

作者： Silveira, Ana C. Caznok do Carmo, Diedre S. Ueda, Lucas H. Fantinato, Denis G. Costa, Paula D. P. Rittner, Leticia Universidade Estadual de Campinas Department of Computer Engineering and Automation School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Campinas13083-852 Brazil Universidade Estadual de Campinas CPQD Recod.AI Institute of Computing Campinas13083-852 Brazil

Hyperspectralchannel reconstruction transforms a subsampled multispectral image into hyperspectral imaging, providing higher spectral resolution without a dedicated acquisition hardware and camera. Multi-stage Spectral-wise Transformer for Efficient Spectral Reconstruction (MST++) is a state-of-the-art channel reconstruction technique, but it faces memory limitations for high spatial-resolution images. In this context, we introduced VITMST++, a novel architecture incorporating Vision Transformer embeddings for spatial compression, multi-resolution image context, and a custom channel-weighted loss. Developed for the ICASSP 2024 HyperSkin Challenge, VITMST++ outperforms the state-of-the-art MST++ in both performance and computational efficiency in channel reconstruction. In this work, we perform a deeper analysis on the main aspects of VITMST++ efficiency, quantitative performance, and generalization to other datasets. Results show that VITMST++ achieves similar values of SAM and SSIM hyperspectral reconstruction metrics when compared to state-of-the-art methods, while consuming up to three fold less memory and needing up to 10 times fewer multiply-add operations. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Image compression

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Modification of the Prony Method for Pulse Signal Modeling 25

Modification of the Prony Method for Pulse Signal Modeling

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25th IEEE International Conference of Young Professionals in Electron Devices and Materials, EDM 2024

作者： Gavrilov, Alexey B. Bakulina, Arina I. Faculty of Automation and Computer Engineering Novosibirsk State Technical University Novosibirsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389234

This paper considers a modification of the Prony parametric approximation method for modeling impulse signals. It is assumed that the experimentally measured signal is represented as a time series. The method is based on the construction of a model of the experimental signal under study as a sum of damped sinusoids. The problem, which does not allow approximating impulse signals with the required accuracy, is revealed. On the basis of the analysis of the classical formulation of the method, its modification is proposed, which allows to solve this problem. Mathematical substantiation of the modified method is presented. The possibility of interference filtering on the basis of analyzing the spectral structure of the signal model is substantiated. The possibility of identification of dynamic characteristics of elements of automatic control systems in analytical form using the developed approach is investigated. The results of modeling a test signal in the form of a rectangular pulse are given. The directions of development of the modified method are discussed, as well as possible areas of practical application. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Identification (control systems)

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Research and Development of Monitoring and Display Terminals for Digital Switchgears at Substation 25

Research and Development of Monitoring and Display Terminals...

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25th IEEE International Conference of Young Professionals in Electron Devices and Materials, EDM 2024

作者： Repin, Sergey E. Karpov, Igor D. Faculty of Automation and Computer Engineering Novosibirsk State Technical University Novosibirsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389234

Medium voltage distribution equipment plays a key role in ensuring reliable operation of electrical systems. Given the rapid development of the electric power industry, new ways to increase the stability and efficiency of electric grids are emerging. In this regard, there is a need to improve the devices used in switchgears at substations. This article examines the creation of a device for monitoring and controlling electrical parameters at a substation using modern data transmission protocols. Among other things, the equipment of a modern substation, data transmission protocols and control and measuring devices are being studied. Attention is also paid to ensuring reliable data backup in the substation's information network using PRP. A structural and functional diagram of a device combining the functions of monitoring and displaying information, as well as analog data aggregation, is being developed. The article is aimed at creating a device for monitoring electrical parameters at a substation, taking into account the convenience of use and modern data transmission protocols such as IEC-60870-104 and IEC-61850, for data exchange in a SCADA system and with relay protection devices, as well as ensuring reliable data backup in the substation information network via PRP. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Relay protection

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Development of the Device for Human Hearing Assessment 25

Development of the Device for Human Hearing Assessment

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25th IEEE International Conference of Young Professionals in Electron Devices and Materials, EDM 2024

作者： Karavaev, Valentin V. Pavlov, Aleksandr V. Faculty of Automation and Computer Engineering Novosibirsk State Technical University Novosibirsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389234

The article describes the main parameters by which modern audiometers make a diagnosis. The role of audiometry in preventing of hearing pathology development in patients is shown. The principle of pure-tone audiometry and the method for determining the type of hearing loss from the obtained audiograms are described. The advantages of pure-tone audiometry over whisper audiometry and other devices that detect hearing impairment, are considered. The possibility of introducing additional hearing abilities into audiometers, such as hearing thresholds, relative pitch and absolute pitch, is explained. The device measuring the listed abilities is described in terms of its operating modes and electronic components. The method used in the device for adjusting the intensity of a sound wave, when it is impossible to change the duty cycle of a rectangular signal, is presented. Possible improvements to the device are shown. Prerequisites have been made for the introduction of a new approach to studying human hearing abilities and establishing a hypothetical diagnosis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Audiometers

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Development of a Software System Based on Microservice Architecture for Flaw Detection of Industrial Products 3

Development of a Software System Based on Microservice Archi...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Problems of Informatics, Electronics and Radio engineering, PIERE 2024

作者： Peshkov, Alexander V. Novosibirsk State Technical University Faculty of Automation and Computer Engineering Novosibirsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516321

This paper presents the results of developing a prototype software system for detecting fine defects in industrial products. The core of the computing unit contains a previously developed computational-heuristic algorithm that allows detecting thin defects in the product under study based on a priori information about the reference sample of this product. The developed software system is designed on the basis of a microservice architecture, which allows dividing a monolithic application into independently operating modules. The paper also presents an algorithm for generating cracks in the object model, which allows creating the necessary set of test data close to real ones. The presented results demonstrate a significant increase in system performance compared to the previous implementation due to the use of a multi-threaded approach. The developed prototype of the system can be further developed and used to solve real problems in the field of industrial flaw detection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Application programs

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Development of the Device for Monitoring Orthopedic Posture 25

Development of the Device for Monitoring Orthopedic Posture

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25th IEEE International Conference of Young Professionals in Electron Devices and Materials, EDM 2024

作者： Kharin, Sergey S. Gladkov, Alexander V. Faculty of Automation and Computer Engineering Novosibirsk State Technical University Novosibirsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389234

This article describes the basic signs of correct posture used in clinical practice. The data on the relevance of the development of new methods and means for posture correction are given. The existing methods of posture correction are considered, and their advantages and disadvantages are given. The article also presents a new method of posture control using a device for actively maintaining correct orthopedic posture, based on the principle of biofeedback. The device consists of: a sensor that reacts to the convergence of the shoulder girdles;a T-shirt that allows the sensor to perceive changes in the angle between the shoulder girdles;an amplification circuit that receives the signal from the sensor and alerts the user in case of an abnormality. The article describes the materials and methods used in creating the device. The advantages of the proposed method over the existing ones are described. This device is a prototype for future developments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Biofeedback

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Designing Web Application Client Program Modules for Asynchronous Event Handling 3

Designing Web Application Client Program Modules for Asynchr...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Problems of Informatics, Electronics and Radio engineering, PIERE 2024

作者： Mokrushin, Vadim O. Ilinykh, Sergey P. Novosibirsk State Technical University Faculty of Automation and Computer Engineering Novosibirsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516321

The article considers possible approaches to designing program modules in web application clients. A design approach is proposed, the use of which provides an increase in the ease of debugging programs in the development process, localization of errors and reduction of program code duplication. The proposed design approach is based on the division of responsibility between parts of the program code for the implementation of synchronous and asynchronous operations in asynchronous events. Responsibility for processing network interaction with the server and receiving data from the user through controls in the user interface should be assigned to asynchronous operations and their responsibility should be limited only to receiving data from external sources. In turn, updating the application state based on data from external sources should be limited to the responsibility of synchronous operations. The paper shows how the proposed design approach provides the above improvements and provides examples of program code. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Software testing

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