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Global Asymptotic Stability Analysis for Autonomous Optimization

IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2025年

作者： Jin, Zhenghong Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Hangzhou310027 China Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110004 China Nanyang Technological University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 639798 Singapore

This paper studies the feedback optimization problem for nonlinear systems. In particular, we assume that the controlled plant admits a global asymptotic stable equilibrium corresponding to each fixed reference input and consider a modified gradient-flow optimizer augmented with a nonlinear perturbation function. With the output map of the controlled plant satisfying a linear growth condition, this paper proves the existence of a perturbation function such that the resulting feedback optimization system is globally asymptotically stable at the desired equilibrium. The proof is based on the seamless integration of tools from the singular perturbation theory, input-to-state stability (ISS), and the nonlinear small-gain theorem. The possibility of extending the proposed approach to other optimizers is also discussed. Three numerical examples are employed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Perturbation techniques

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Resonance-interference concurrent fiber sensor: Enabling simultaneous detection of temperature and humidity

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Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2025年 440卷

作者： Wang, Mingyue Sun, Yutong Zheng, Hongkun Zhang, Ya-nan College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology Qinhuangdao066004 China State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110819 China

This paper presents an innovative fiber sensor that enables concurrent measurement of relative humidity (RH) and temperature. The sensor predominantly comprises a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microbottle resonator (MBR) operating on resonance and a silica coupler functioning via interference. The two components are fabricated by simple self-assembly and arc fusion respectively, and then coupled into an integrated sensor. The coupler serves a dual role as both a temperature sensor that capitalizes on the thermal response of silica and a coupling component that excites the resonance circulated in the MBR. Meanwhile, PVA exhibits variable shrinkage and expansion behaviors subjected to the stimulation of diverse temperatures and RH, which triggers the refractive index and radius evolution of MBR, thereby modulating the resonance dip shift. For RH measurement (32–84 % RH), the resonance dip exhibits an average sensitivity of 103.34 pm/%RH. For temperature measurement (24–60℃), the average sensitivity of the resonance dip is −22.41 pm/℃ and that of the interference dip is −29.35 pm/℃. In addition, comprehensive characterizations were carried out on its repeatability, dynamic response, reversibility, and stability. The superior comprehensive behavior positions the sensor favorably for simultaneous RH and temperature measurement in intricate and challenging environments. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Temperature measurement

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Safety Control of Switched Systems via Multiple Barrier Functions

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2025年

作者： Long, Lijun Huang, Chunxiao Sun, Zhendong Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110819 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry Northeastern University China

This paper is concerned with the problem of safety control for switched systems, where different safe sets are allowed for different subsystems and safety is not necessarily possessed for subsystems. A necessary and sufficient condition is presented for safety of switched systems by exploiting a multiple barrier functions (MBFs) method. To reveal the relationship about safety between subsystems and switched systems, an extended Nagumo's Theorem in the switched systems framework is derived. Also, several switched control design conditions are respectively provided to ensure safety of switched systems. Based on the union of MBFs and multiple Lyapunov functions (MLFs), a novel safety-critical control framework is established to simultaneously ensure safety and stability of switched systems. Also, an auxiliary cost function is introduced to transform the safety-critical optimal control (SCOC) problem of switched systems into the one of non-switched systems. Finally, three examples are illustrated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Lyapunov functions

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Distributed Asymptotic Secure Estimation for Cyber-Physical Systems under Stealthy Attacks: An Interval Observer-Based Method

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Li, Zhi-Hui Yang, Guang-Hong Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Liaoning Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Liaoning Shenyang110819 China

This paper focuses on the problem of distributed asymptotic secure estimation for cyber-physical systems (CPSs) under stealthy attacks and unknown but bounded process disturbance. First, interval observers based on two-point observers are constructed to produce upper and lower bounds for the attacks. Then, augmented systems with a resort to auxiliary variables are introduced, and algebraic relationships among augmented states, disturbance and attacks are obtained by interval estimations of the augmented system outputs. Further, from the algebraic relationships, distributed secure estimation, including distributed state estimation and stealthy attack reconstruction, is designed and achieves omniscience asymptotically. Compared with the existing results, a novel interval observer-based distributed estimation approach is proposed, which can realize simultaneous state estimation and attack reconstruction. Finally, a simulation example is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed distributed estimation strategy. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Lightweight Single-Stage Network for Gas Leak Detection Based on Infrared Imaging

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年 74卷

作者： Jing, Yixuan Sun, Yunlong Wang, Qi Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology Qinhuangdao066004 China

Gas leak detection is essential for real-time monitoring and safety early warning of industrial production, manufacturing, and transportation processes. For many years, infrared optical gas imaging (IOGI) has been widely used in the field of gas leak monitoring, but the task still faces great challenges due to the limitations of infrared imaging principle and system technology, as well as the characteristics of insubstantial gas objects. First, a dataset containing 66950 infrared images is built, which covers gas leak samples with different scales, shapes, and blurring levels. Second, a single-stage gas leak detection network model named dual layer focus aggregation network (DLFANet) was designed. Specifically, a lightweight feature extraction cross-stage partially efficient two-layer aggregation network cross stage partial-efficient dual layer aggregation network (CSP-EDLAN) module is designed to enhance the transmission of gradient flow information and cross-channel information interaction, where dual convolution (DualConv) is utilized to reduce the computational consumption of feature extraction. A focal modulation module is introduced into the backbone network to realize the focus of the gas target by integrating the characteristic information of different scales. In addition, the wise intersection shape intersection over union (Wise-Shape-IoU) loss function with a dynamic non-monotonic mechanism and shape constraint capability is designed to prevent low-quality samples from generating harmful gradients, which makes the bounding box regression (BBR) of gas targets with greater accuracy. Finally, extensive experimental results on the constructed dataset show that the proposed DLFANet strikes a better balance between detection accuracy (map) and speed frame per second (FPS) while predicting the BBR of gaseous objects more accurately compared to state-of-the-art models. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Leak detection

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A Method for Modifying LSPR Biosensors With CeF3 and Gold Nanobipyramids to Optimize the Sensitivity and Detection Limit of Interleukin

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年 74卷

作者： Qian, Yizhuo Wang, Qi Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Precision Optical Sensing and Measurement Technology Qinhuangdao066004 China

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology is an advanced analytical method in the field of biological analytes detection. In order to break the limit of sensitivity and limit of detection (LOD) of optical fiber SPR sensor and enhance small change detection, a novel high-sensitivity optical fiber localized SPR (LSPR) sensor modified by cerium fluoride (CeF3) and gold nanobipyramids (Au NBPs) is proposed in this work. The refractive index sensitivity of the sensor is as high as 9414.90 nm/RIU, which is 4.99 times that of the traditional SPR sensor. The CeF3/Au NBPs sensor was applied to the detection of interleukin- 1β (IL- 1β ) and IL-10. For IL- 1β , the sensor’s sensitivity and LOD are 11.16 nm/(μg/mL) and 0.90 ng/mL. Compared with the traditional sensor, the sensitivity is increased by 3.73 times, and the LOD is reduced to 28.48%. For IL-10, the sensitivity and LOD of the sensor are 10.90 nm/(μg/mL) and 0.92 ng/mL, respectively. Compared with traditional sensors, the sensitivity is increased by 4.29 times, and the LOD is reduced to 23.35%. The sensor modified by CeF3 and Au NBPs shows excellent performance and broad development prospects in the field of low concentration biological analytes detection. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Optical fibers

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Structure-Adaptive Graph Embedding With Fractal Analysis for Industrial process Monitoring

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年 74卷

作者： Zheng, Jian Zhang, Yingwei Fang, Zhiming Bi, Zhuming Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang110819 China Northeastern University State Laboratory of Synthesis Automation of Process Industry Shenyang110819 China Purdue University Fort Wayne Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Fort WayneIN46805 United States

This article focuses on the monitoring problem of the magnesia smelting process (MSP). First, this article systematically analyzes the key adjustable external variables that affect the temperature in the furnace from the perspective of heat transfer theory and elaborates on the necessity of monitoring for the MSP. Second, the existing process monitoring methods have some primary limitations: 1) methods that only consider single structural information can only preserve partial data features, making it difficult to fully characterize the inherent data structure;2) methods that simultaneously consider both local and global structural information typically construct similarity matrices with fixed neighbor relationships, which is difficult to adapt to the complex changes in actual data;and 3) the selection of dimensions for the low-dimensional feature space lacks an objective, quantifiable criterion. To address these challenges, this article proposes a structure-adaptive graph embedding with fractal analysis (SAGE-FA) algorithm. This algorithm offers three key advantages: 1) it integrates the projection matrix and similarity matrix into a unified objective function for joint optimization, enabling the preservation of the global geometric structure while more effectively capturing local adjacency relationships;2) by incorporating an adaptive neighborhood strategy, SAGE-FA dynamically mines local adjacency relationships, enabling more flexible adaptation to the characteristics of complex industrial data;and 3) a fractal dimension evaluation method is introduced to establish an objective criterion for determining the dimensionality of the low-dimensional feature space. On this basis, a two-stage monitoring method incorporating fault detection and fault localization is designed. Finally, experiments on the Tennessee Eastman process (TEP) and actual MSP datasets achieve average fault detection rates (FDRs) of 80.28% and 94.5%, respectively. These results demonstrate the effec

关键词： Graph embeddings

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Zero-Sum Optimal Control for a Cyber-Physical System in Unreliable Communications via Secure Decentralized Policy Iteration

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Zhang, Kun Dong, Xiwang Zhang, Huaguang Su, Rong Beihang University School of Astronautics Beijing100191 China Beihang University Institute of Unmanned System Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing100191 China Northeastern University School of Information Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110819 China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Singapore639798 Singapore

This paper investigates the robust consensus scheme for a specific type of leader-follower multi-agent systems (MASs) in the context of a human-cyber-physical interactive system. The system encounters frequent communication challenges characterized by packet loss and data leakage. To address these challenges, the paper proposes a secure decentralized scheme that leverages game theory to determine optimal policies in a zero-sum game. The scheme utilizes the adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) method, which involves a decentralized iterative process. The paper demonstrates that the generated sequence exhibits exponential convergence and provides the maximum iteration number based on the convergence error. To mitigate data leakage among players, the scheme incorporates a secure operation that involves encrypted data. This integration seamlessly combines data conversion and encryption-decryption into decentralized computation. Finally, the paper presents a simulation example to validate the efficacy of the consensus scheme. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Information leakage

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Adaptive Cruise Control Algorithm for Persistence and Security of Distributed Heterogeneous Vehicle Platoon Based on Discrete-Time Control Barrier Function

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Hao, Qingru Dong, Jiuxiang Zhao, Jiaqiang Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Safe Operation Technique for Autonomous Unmanned Systems State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Shenyang110819 China Weifang University College of Physics and Electronic Information Weifang261061 China

This paper addresses the persistence and security problem of nonlinear distributed heterogeneous platoons during driving based on the discrete-time control barrier function (DCBF). Introducing a set of DCBF constraints in nonlinear distributed model predictive control (NDMPC) encodes persistent and safe behaviors as forward invariance of sets in the vehicle state space, enabling it to constrain the workshop distance and their electricity during driving simultaneously. To address the uncertainty of waiting time for vehicles at charging stations, the Markov decision process is introduced to optimize the charging strategy on the basis of ensuring the persistence, thereby reducing the time for vehicles to return to the end of the queue under speed limit conditions. By combining a set of constructed DCBFs with Markov decision processes and incorporating them into NDMPC, the dynamic behavior of heterogeneous platoon driving processes can be optimized. The vehicle will make a decision after each visit to a charging station, which can not only ensure that the vehicle reaches a charging station with shorter waiting time in queues before running out of battery but also ensure that the spacing between any two successive vehicles in the platoon is not less than the expected safe distance. The proposed improved NDMPC-DBCBF algorithm can ensure the persistence of all vehicles in the heterogeneous platoon during driving, improve the safety of vehicle following, and effectively solve the challenges brought by the uncertainty of waiting time at charging stations. Finally, an experimental simulation validates the feasibility of the suggested control algorithm. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Discrete time control systems

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Distributed state estimation for cyber-physical systems against sensor attacks based on Isolation Forest

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Information Sciences 2025年 716卷

作者： Xiao, Yongbao Li, Xiaojian College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China

This paper is concerned with the secure state estimation problem for distributed sensor networks under sparse sensor attacks. Compared with the existing approaches, where a rigorous condition of sensor redundancy for state estimation is required, the prior sparsity information of the initial system state is utilized to relax such a condition. By considering the state sparsity, the distributed secure state estimation problem is transformed into a convex distributed optimization problem. Then, a distributed subgradient algorithm based on Isolation Forest is proposed to further improve the accuracy of state estimation and reduce the computational complexity. Finally, simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness and advantages of the algorithm. © 2025

关键词： Convex optimization

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