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Urbanization has enhanced compound heatwaves

Journal of Geographical sciences 2025年第5期35卷 1115-1131页

作者： Sun, Peng Yu, Shifang Yao, Rui Sun, Zhongbao Singh, Vijay P. Bian, Yaojin Ge, Chenhao Zhang, Qiang School of Geography and Tourism State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui China Key Laboratory of Hydrometeorological Disaster Mechanism and Warning of Ministry of Water Resources Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China Engineering Technology Research Center of Resources Environment and GIS Anhui Normal University Wuhu Anhui China Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Texas A&M University College Station USA National Water and Energy Center UAE University Al Ain UAE Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wastewater Information Analysis and Early Warning Beijing Normal University Zhuhai Guangdong China

Under global warming, understanding the impact of urbanization on the characteristics of different heatwaves is important for sustainable development. In this study, we investigated the changes of heatwaves characteristics in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration (YRDUG) and analyzed the influencing mechanisms of urbanization. Results showed that: (1) the duration, frequency, and intensity of NHWs (Nighttime Heatwaves) and CHWs (Daytime-nighttime compound Heatwaves) had shown a significant increase and the CHWs showed the greatest increasing trend. Furthermore, the NHWs exhibited higher durations, frequencies, and intensities compared to DHWs (Daytime Heatwaves); (2) Since 1990, the DHWs and CHWs were greater in urban areas than in rural areas, NHWs had been more pronounced in rural areas than in urban centers; and (3) Cloud cover, solar radiation, etc. affected heatwaves. Furthermore, in the process of urbanization, the increase in impervious area and the decrease in green land exacerbated heatwaves. Considering the combined effect of DHWs and NHWs, CHWs continued to increase.

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Enhancing strength at elevated temperatures via dynamic high-density mobile dislocations in Mg alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年

作者： Fan, Mingyu Cui, Ye Zhou, Xin Chen, Junming Zhang, Yang Sun, Lixin Brechtl, Jamieson Fang, Daqing Li, Qian Ding, Qingqing Bei, Hongbin Liaw, Peter K. Xue, Yanzhuo Wang, Xun-Li Lu, Yang Zhang, Zhongwu Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology Ministry of Education College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Department of Physics and Center for Neutron Scattering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong999077 China Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hi-Tech Industrial Park Shenzhen518057 China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon China Physikalisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster48149 Germany Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996-2100 United States State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloy Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steels & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy & School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China College of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong999077 China

Dislocation strengthening, as one of the methods to simultaneously enhance the room temperature strength and ductility of alloys, does not achieve the desired strengthening and plasticity effect during elevated-temperature deformation. Here, we report a novel strategy to boost the dislocation multiplication and accumulation during deformation at elevated temperatures through dynamic strain aging (DSA). With the introduction of the rare-earth element Ho in Mg-Y-Zn alloy, Ho atoms diffuse toward dislocations during deformation at elevated temperatures, provoking the DSA effect, which increases the dislocation density significantly via the interactions of mobile dislocations and Ho atoms. The resulting alloy achieves a great enhancement of dislocation hardening and obtains the dual benefits of high strength and good ductility simultaneously at high homologous temperatures. The present work provides an effective strategy to enhancing the strength and ductility for elevated-temperature materials. © 2025

关键词： Ductility

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Influence of crevice width on sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB)-induced corrosion of stainless steel 316L

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Corrosion Communications 2021年第4期4卷 33-44页

作者： Cong Wu Zhaopeng Wang Zhan Zhang Bowei Zhang Guojia Ma Qiong Yao Zhaohong Gan Junsheng Wu Xiaogang Li Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Aeronautical Key Laboratory of Advanced Surface Engineering Technology China Aviation Manufacturing Technology Institute Key Laboratory of Space Lauching Site Reliability Technology

In the present work, the distribution of sulfate-reducing-bacteria(SRB) inside the crevice and the effect of crevice width on SRB-induced corrosion of stainless steel 316L(SS 316L) were systematically investigated. A cambered crevice configuration consisting of a convex lens and a wire beam electrode(WBE) was employed to measure the current and potential distributions under different crevice widths. Subsequently, scanning electronic microscopy(SEM), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) were adopted to study SRB-induced corrosion behavior of SS 316L in different crevice locations. Results show that crevice width plays an essential role in corrosion on SS 316L in crevice environment with SRB. The most severe corrosion with dense pits occurred at the crevices with 150 μm in width due to the combined effects of microbiological corrosion and crevice corrosion. In narrow crevices, corrosion is much slighter since SRB can hardly enter into the crevices to induce corrosion. In contrast, the crevices with 700 μm in width suffer the mildest corrosion because the influence of crevice corrosion is negligible with a weakened crevice corrosion tendency. Additionally, it was found that SRB could affect the composition of the passive film and destroy its compactness, thus accelerate the crevice corrosion of SS 316L in artificial seawater. The findings of this work are beneficial to understanding the mechanisms of MIC-induced corrosion in various environments.

关键词： SS 316L SRB WBE Crevice corrosion

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Design and characterization of a novel Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) multi-principal element alloy coating on magnesium alloy by laser cladding

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2023年第21期152卷 220-236页

作者： Lipeng Jiang Xiufang Cui Guo Jin Zhimin Tian Xin Wen Haoliang Tian Erbao Liu Institute of Surface/Interface Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Corrosion and Protection for Aviation Material Beijing Beijing Institute of Aeronautical MaterialsBeijing 100095China Institute of Defense Engineering AMSPLABeijing 100850China

The evaporation and dilution of substrate seriously limit the performance of laser cladding coatings on magnesium *** order to overcome the above shortcomings,a multi-step ultrasonic assisted laser remelting technology was proposed to improve the performance of the *** this work,a novel Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) multi-principal element alloy coating(MPEAC)was prepared on the surface of mag-nesium *** techniques such as transmission electron microscopy(TEM),electron back scatter diffraction(EBSD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to characterize the microstructure and phase composition of the *** the phase structure and morphology at the interface between the coating and the substrate were also studied via focus ion beam(FIB)and TEM *** addition,the corrosion and wear resistance ability of the coatings were monitored by potentiodynamic polarization(PDP),and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),hardness and friction *** results show that Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) MPEAC with ultrasonic assisted is composed of FCC phase and eutectic phases(Cu_(10)Sn_(3) and Cu_(2)Ni_(3)Sn_(3)).Due to the forced convection generated by ultrasonic waves,some Cu and Ni phases are precipitated around Cu_(2)Ni_(3)Sn_(3) phases,which is beneficial to enhance the corrosion *** of the grain refinement effect caused by ultrasonic,the wear resistance of the coating is also ***,ultrasonic vibration can effectively weaken and eliminate the texture density of the Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) MPEAC fabricated by laser cladding.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Multi-principal element alloy coating Ultrasonic assisted laser cladding Corrosion resistance Wear resistance

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engineering Bipolar Covalent Organic Framework Membranes for Selective Acid Extraction

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Angewandte Chemie - International Edition 2025年 e202503945页

作者： Wu, Di Xing, Zhiwei Guo, Qing Lai, Zhuozhi Yi, Jiaming Meng, Qing-Wei Wang, Sai Dai, Zhifeng Ma, Shengqian Sun, Qi Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies Zhejiang Normal University Hangzhou 310015 China Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China Department of Chemistry University of North Texas 1508 W Mulberry St Denton 76201 TX United States

Nitric acid (HNO3) is a vital industrial chemical, and its recovery from complex waste streams is essential for sustainability and resource optimization. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of bipolar covalent o... 详细信息

Nitric acid (HNO₃) is a vital industrial chemical, and its recovery from complex waste streams is essential for sustainability and resource optimization. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of bipolar covalent organic framework (COF) membranes with tunable ionic site distributions as a solution for this challenge. The membranes are fabricated by layering anionic COF nanosheets on cationic COF layers, supported by a porous substrate. The resulting membranes exhibit significant rectifying behavior, driven by the asymmetric charge polarity and the intrinsic electric field, which enhances HNO₃ transport. The transmembrane diffusion coefficient of 2.74 × 10⁻⁵ cm² s⁻¹ exceeds the self-diffusion rate of NO₃⁻, leading to increased HNO₃ flux and selectivity compared to the individual anionic and cationic COF membranes. The optimized bipolar membrane configuration achieves remarkable separation factors, ranging from 22 to 242,000 for HNO₃, in comparison to other solutes such as HCl, H₂SO₄, H₃PO₄, and various metal salts in an eight-component mixed waste stream. This results in a substantial increase in HNO₃ purity, from 12.5% to 94.1% after a single membrane separation. With the broad range of COF materials and the versatility of the proposed membrane design, this work represents a significant advancement in chemical separation technologies. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Bipolar membrane Charge manipulation Covalent organic framework membrane Ion rectification Single-acid recovery

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Influence of Thermal Barrier Coatings on the Creep Properties of Thin-Walled Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloy

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Liu, Jing Wang, Li Yu, Minghan Xu, Liping Min, Shiling Wang, Di Jiang, Xiangwei Dong, Jiasheng Lou, Langhong School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China Liaoning Engineering Research Center for High Temperature Structural Materials of Heavy Gas Turbine Shenyang110016 China Institute of New Materials Guangdong Academy of Sciences Guangzhou510650 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Surface Engineering Technology Guangzhou510650 China

The application of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) onto Ni-based single crystal superalloys has significantly elevated the operating temperatures and enhanced the oxidation resistance of turbine blades. In this paper, influence of TBCs on the creep properties of thin-walled (0.5, 1, and 1.5 mm) Ni-based single crystal superalloy at 1100 °C/120 MPa was investigated. Compared to the bare specimens, an approximately 43.8% increase in the creep rupture life is observed for the T0.5 (0.5 mm wall thickness) coated specimens, no obvious difference could be detected in the T1 coated specimen. However, an approximately 45.2% deterioration in the creep rupture life is detected for the T1.5 coated specimens. Under such experiments, the damage mechanism of TBCs exhibits a strong wall thickness dependence. When cracks are generated in the TC layer of both T0.5 and T1.5 coated specimens, the T0.5 coated specimens exhibit delamination and severe oxidation at the BC/substrate interface, while the T1.5 coated specimens show severe oxidation at either TC/TGO or the TGO/BC interface. In addition, TBCs enhances the creep rupture life of the T0.5 specimens mainly by suppressing the plastic deformation of the substrate. In contrast, for the T1.5 specimens, inhomogeneous plastic deformation and severe oxidation resulting from the segmentation and spallation of TC layer significantly reduce their creep rupture life. These results are valuable for the structural optimization and damage analysis of advance turbine blades. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Single crystals

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Cu-Driven Active Cu2Se@MXene Heterointerface Reconstruction and Co Electron Reservoir Toward Superior Sodium Storage

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advanced Energy Materials 2025年第0期

作者： Lu, Chengxing Li, Boyu Shi, Mengjie Li, Qun Liu, Kun Lu, Cuiyun Liao, Jingwen Hu, Ziyue Wei, Xiaoyan Li, Chunsheng Sun, Yan Liu, Tong Liu, Ronghui Zhao, Qing Tianjin International Joint Research Centre of Surface Technology for Energy Storage Materials College of Physics and Materials Science Tianjin Normal University Tianjin300387 China School of Chemical Engineering and Safety Shandong University of Aeronautics Binzhou256600 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrode Materials for Novel Solar Cells for Petroleum and Chemical Industry of China School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Province Suzhou215009 China Tianmushan Laboratory 166 Shuanghongqiao Street Pingyao Town Yuhang District Hangzhou311115 China School of Chemistry Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Nankai University Tianjin300071 China

Heterostructure engineering and active component reconstruction are effective strategies for efficient and rapid charge storage in advanced sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, sandwich-type CoSe2@MXene composites are used as a model to reconstruct new active Cu2Se@MXene heterostructures by in situ electrochemical driving. The MXene core provides interconnected pathways for electron and ion conduction, while also buffering volumetric expansion to stabilize the structure. This reconstructed Cu2Se@MXene heterointerface features abundant sodium storage active sites, enhanced Na+ adsorption, and diffusion kinetics, thus increasing sodium storage capacity. Moreover, the elevated Co valence state during the discharge process allows it to act as an electron reservoir to provide additional electron supply for Cu2Se conversion and accelerate the sodium storage kinetics. When employed as an anode in SIBs, the CoSe2@MXene electrode exhibits high capacity (694 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1), excellent rate performance (425 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1), and exceptional durability (437 mAh g−1 after 10 000 cycles at 5 A g−1 with a 0.0014% capacity decay per cycle). The electrochemical reconstruction and sodium storage mechanism of Cu2Se@MXene anode is further revealed through ex situ characterization and theoretical calculations. This work provides a new approach for designing advanced conversion-type anodes for SIBs. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries

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CMAS resistance of high-entropy (Dy0.2Ho0.2Er0.2Tm0.2Lu0.2)2Hf2O7 in-serviced as top TBC of Si-HfO2/Yb2Si2O7/Yb2SiO5 EBCs system: an experimental and atomistic modeling study

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surface and Coatings technology 2025年 508卷

作者： Zhao, Hui Miao, Qiang Liang, Wenping Liu, Ruixiang Zhang, Xiaofeng Shi, Junqin Ramasubramanian, Brindha Ramakrishna, Seeram College of Materials Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Yudao Street 29 Jiangsu Province Nanjing210016 China Center for Nanotechnology & Sustainability Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117575 Singapore Wuxi Research Institute Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Luonan Street 8 Jiangsu Province Wuxi214154 China National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Materials Surface Engineering Technology Institute of New Materials Guangdong Academy of Sciences Guangzhou510651 China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an710072 China

The creation of a modified T/EBC system was driven by the absence of a proven strategy to enhance the intrinsic resistance of silicate EBCs to molten silicate deposits (CMAS). To address this, a high-entropy hafnate material with a defect-fluorite structure was designed using five rare earth (RE) elements: Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu. Quadruple-layer coatings consisting of (Dy0.2Ho0.2Er0.2Tm0.2Lu0.2)2Hf2O7/Yb2SiO5/Yb2Si2O7/Si-15 mol% HfO2 ((5RE)2Hf2O7/YbMS/YbDS/15SH), prepared by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD), were deposited to protect ceramic matrix composites (CMC). These coatings were evaluated for their interfacial thermochemical stability and resistance to CMAS attack. The study revealed no thermochemical reactions at the interface between the (5RE)2Hf2O7 and YbMS layers following isothermal annealing at 1300 °C, 1400 °C, and 1500 °C. The (5RE)2Hf2O7 layer acts as a reactive barrier, resisting CMAS infiltration and maintaining the integrity of the coating. At 1300 °C and 1400 °C, reactions between the melt and the coating result in the formation of RE-garnet phases on the surfaces. At 1500 °C, RE-garnet phases were observed at the interface between the (5RE)2Hf2O7 and YbMS layers, along with the consistently observed apatite and fluorite reaction products. Most of the RE3+ ions dissolved from the (5RE)2Hf2O7 TBCs were captured by apatite, maintaining the crystallization stability of the reaction products and acting as a permeability barrier. Furthermore, melt/coating interaction models were developed using the ab initio molecular dynamics method (CP2K package) to understand coating/deposit reactions at the atomic level, including diffusivity dynamics and diffusion energy barriers. During the cooling stage, vertical mud-cracks and bifurcated microcracks are induced by thermal stresses resulting from the mismatch in coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) between the corroded layer and the underlying layer. As CMAS continues to infiltrate the coating

关键词： Isothermal annealing

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In-situ Tension of Dendrite-Reinforced Zr-based Metallic-GlassMatrix Composites

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第4期27卷 621-626页

作者： Huijun Yang Junwei Qiao Song Wang Yong Zhang Research Institute of Surface Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing

The evolution of shear bands in the glassy matrix composites was observed and analyzed during in-situ *** on the simple calculation,the temperature rise within the shear bands is sufficient to cause the formation of viscous shearing layer,resulting in the early ***-based metallic-glass-matrix composites（labeled as DH1 and DH2） exhibit improved tensile ductility rather than brittle failure,since the existence of secondary ductile dendrites promotes the impedance of prompt propagation of shear bands,evidenced by the multiplication of shear bands.

关键词： Amorphous alloy Deformation behavior Shear bands Notch

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Non-fullerene small molecule electron acceptors for high-performance organic solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第4期27卷 990-1016页

作者： Hao Lin Qiang Wang Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry National Ministry of Education Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University

Fullerenes and their derivatives are important types of electron acceptor materials and play a vital role in organic solar cell devices. However, the fullerene acceptor material has some difficulties to overcome the intrinsic shortcomings, such as weak absorption in the visible range, difficulty in modification and high cost, which limit the performance of the device and the large-scale application of this type of acceptors. In recent years, non-fullerene electron acceptor material has attracted the attention of scientists due to the advantages of adjustable energy level, wide absorption, simple synthesis, low processing cost and good solubility. Researchers can use the rich chemical means to design and synthesize organic small molecules and their oligomers with specific aggregation morphology and excellent optoelectronic prop- erties. Great advances in the field of synthesis, device engineering, and device physics of non-fullerene acceptors have been achieved in the last few years. At present, non-fullerene small molecules based photovoltaic devices achieve the highest efficiency more than 13% and the efficiency gap between fullerenetype and non-fullerene-type photovoltaic devices is gradually narrowing. In this review, we explore recent progress of non-fullerene small molecule electron acceptors that have been developed and led to highefficiency photovoltaic devices and put forward the prospect of development in the future.

关键词： Organic solar cells Non-fullerene Electron acceptors Bulk heterojunction

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