Random walk on heterogeneous networks is a recently emerging approach to effective disease gene prioritization. Laplacian normalization is a technique capable of normalizing the weight of edges in a network. We use th...
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Random walk on heterogeneous networks is a recently emerging approach to effective disease gene prioritization. Laplacian normalization is a technique capable of normalizing the weight of edges in a network. We use this technique to normalize the gene matrix and the phenotype matrix before the construction of the heterogeneous network, and also use this idea to define the transition matrices of the heterogeneous network. Our method has remarkably better performance than the existing methods for recovering known gene-phenotype relationships. The Shannon information entropy of the distribution of the transition probabilities in our networks is found to be smaller than the networks constructed by the existing methods, implying that a higher number of top-ranked genes can be verified as disease genes. In fact, the most probable gene-phenotype relationships ranked within top 3 or top 5 in our gene lists can be confirmed by the OMIM database for many cases. Our algorithms have shown remarkably superior performance over the state-of-the-art algorithms for recovering gene-phenotype relationships. All Matlab codes can be available upon email request.
For the numerical simulation of flow systems with various complex components, the traditional one-dimensional （1D） network method has its comparative advantage in time consuming and the CFD method has its absolute a...
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For the numerical simulation of flow systems with various complex components, the traditional one-dimensional （1D） network method has its comparative advantage in time consuming and the CFD method has its absolute advantage in the detailed flow capturing. The proper coupling of the advantages of different dimensional methods can strike balance well between time cost and accuracy and then significantly decrease the whole design cycle for the flow systems in modern machines. A novel multi-fidelity coupled simulation method with numerical zooming is developed for flow systems. This method focuses on the integration of one-, two-and three-dimensional codes for various components. Coupled iterative process for the different dimensional simulation cycles of sub-systems is performed until the concerned flow variables of the whole system achieve convergence. Numerical zooming is employed to update boundary data of components with different dimen-sionalities. Based on this method, a highly automatic, multi-discipline computing environment with integrated zooming is developed. The numerical results of Y-Junction and the air system of a jet engine are presented to verify the solution method. They indicate that this type of multi-fidelity simulationmethod can greatly improve the prediction capability for the flow systems.
The synthesis of 3D ordered macroporous (3DOM) Ce0.6 Zr0.3 Y0.1 O2 (CZY) is demonstrated by H. Arandiyan, H. Dai, J. Li, and co-workers on page 2366. The 3DOM CZY has mesoporous walls and a high surface area, and inco...
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The synthesis of 3D ordered macroporous (3DOM) Ce0.6 Zr0.3 Y0.1 O2 (CZY) is demonstrated by H. Arandiyan, H. Dai, J. Li, and co-workers on page 2366. The 3DOM CZY has mesoporous walls and a high surface area, and incorporates a high dispersion of platinum nanoparticles. A sample with 1.1 wt% Pt shows supercatalytic activity for methane combustion, which is attributed to its larger surface area, higher oxygen adspecies concentration, better low-temperature reducibility, and the unique 3DOM structure.
An integrated hot coal gas cleaning process is proposed with emphasis on simultaneous removal of multiple impurities including sulfur containing species, NOx precursors, mercury and tarry materials. Acti-vated- char-s...
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Recent studies found that ozonation of organic pollutants with dimethylamino groups produces N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) that is highly carcinogenic to humans. However, the formation mechanism of NDMA remains inexpl...
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Recent studies found that ozonation of organic pollutants with dimethylamino groups produces N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) that is highly carcinogenic to humans. However, the formation mechanism of NDMA remains inexplicit, and previously proposed mechanisms are inconsistent with experimental observations. In this study, the formation mechanism of NDMA in ozonation was explored by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, with dimethylamine (DMA) as a model compound. By calculating Gibbs energies and energy barriers, formation of NDMA in ozonation of DMA was observed to proceed through a hydroxylamine mechanism. The calculation results show that hydroxylamine is generated through DMA reacting with hydroxyl radicals (HO•) formed from hydrolysis of ozone. DMA reacting with hydroxylamine can produce unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH), a well-known NDMA precursor. Transformation of UDMH to NDMA is mainly induced by ozone or HO• rather than dissolved oxygen proposed previously. The reaction of DMA and hydroxylamine is pH dependent, with energy barriers increasing from neutral pH to the second pKa of hydroxylamine and then decreasing. This is in accordance with the experimentally observed pH dependence of NDMA yield in ozonation, indicating that the hydroxylamine mechanism is responsible for the NDMA formation in ozonation.
Ultrafine pearlite microstructure of a high carbon steel was obtained by warm equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), in which development of pearlite morphorogy was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TE...
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Ultrafine pearlite microstructure of a high carbon steel was obtained by warm equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), in which development of pearlite morphorogy was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) and properties of ferrite was characterized by nanoindentation method. The results show that the submicron duplex microstructure (ferrite(α)+cementite(θ)) is obtained in the high carbon steel, and the cementite morphology changes from lamellar shape to equiaxed grains after severe warm deformation. The nanoindentation hardness and Young's modulus of equiaxed submicron ferrite of the steel after ECAP are 4.4 GPa and 200 GPa, respectively, which are higher than those of the original pearlite. While the nanoindentation depth is over 100 nm, nanoindentation hardness exhibits obvious substrate-effect, but the Young's modulus is not sensitive to the substrate-effect.
A T8 steel with a fully pearlitic structure was studied by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) via route Bc at 650°C. The microstructure evolution of the cementite lamellae after processing was analyzed by SEM,...
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A T8 steel with a fully pearlitic structure was studied by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) via route Bc at 650°C. The microstructure evolution of the cementite lamellae after processing was analyzed by SEM, TEM and atomic force microscopy. The results show that the cementite in the pearlite has higher plastic deformation capability. The severe shear deformation of ECAP is accommodated by bending, shearing and shearing fracture etc in the pearlite lamellae. After four passes, an ultrafine microduplex structure (ferrite + cementite) with a grain size at the sub-micrometer level is observed. The cementite particle size distribution is bimodal. The microstructure evolution of the cementite lamellae is observed in three dimensions and is consistent with the results observed in two dimensions.
The collective dynamics of a randomly connected neuronal network motivated by the anatomy of a mammalian cortex based on a simple model are *** simple model can not only reproduce the rich behaviors of biological neur...
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The collective dynamics of a randomly connected neuronal network motivated by the anatomy of a mammalian cortex based on a simple model are *** simple model can not only reproduce the rich behaviors of biological neurons but also has only two equations and one nonlinear *** varying some key parameters,such as the connection weights of neurons,the external current injection and the noise of intensity,this neuronal network will exhibit various collective *** is demonstrated that the synchronization status of the neuronal network has a strong relationship with the key parameters and the external current has more influence on the spiking of inhibitory neurons than that of excitatory *** results may be instructive in understanding the collective dynamics of a mammalian cortex.
In this paper, we demonstrate six types of metamaterial absorbers （MMAs） by measuring their absorptivities in an X-band （8 12 GHz） rectangular waveguide. Some of the MMAs have been demonstrated previously by using...
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In this paper, we demonstrate six types of metamaterial absorbers （MMAs） by measuring their absorptivities in an X-band （8 12 GHz） rectangular waveguide. Some of the MMAs have been demonstrated previously by using the free space measurement method, and the others are proposed firstly in this paper. The measured results show that all of the six MMAs exhibit high absorptivities above 98%, which have similar absorbing characteristics to those measured in the free space. The numerically obtained surface current densities for each MMA show that the absorbing mechanism is the same as that under the free space conditions. Such a demonstration method is superior to the conventional free space measurement method due to the small-scale test samples required, the simple measure device, and its low cost. Most importantly, the proposed method opens a way to enable MMAs to be used in microwave applications such as matched terminations.
Based on the concept of melt residual bonds, a calculating model quantitatively describing the evolution of the residual bond structure of titanium melt at the melting point or in a certain range above the melting poi...
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Based on the concept of melt residual bonds, a calculating model quantitatively describing the evolution of the residual bond structure of titanium melt at the melting point or in a certain range above the melting point was established; i.e., both the size ds and the bond number n of the residual bond structure decrease monotonously with the increase of temperature. By mathe- matical deduction, a linear relationship between the residual bond structure size ds and the dynamic viscosity 17 of Titanium melt was revealed, i.e., η= 0.876 ＋ 0.471·ds, which is of great significance to the investigation of the relationship between the melt microstructure and the macroscopic properties of metals with high melting temperature.
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