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On the origin of molecular oxygen on the surface of Ganymede

ICARUS 2022年 383卷

作者： Migliorini, A. Kanuchova, Z. Ioppolo, S. barb.eri, M. Jones, N. C. Hoffmann, S. V. Strazzulla, G. Tosi, F. Piccioni, G. [a]Institute of Space Astrophysics and Planetology IAPS-INAF Rome 00133 Italy [b]Astronomical Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences Tatranská Lomnica 059 60 Slovakia [c]School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS UK [d]Therma GmbH Europaarkaden II Bratustrasse 7 64293 Darmstadt Germany [e]ISA Department of Physics and Astronomy Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark [f]Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania INAF Catania 95123 Italy

Since its first identification on the surface of Ganymede in 1995, molecular oxygen (O-2) ice has b.en at the center of a scientific debate as the surface temperature of the Jovian moon is on average well above the freezing point of O-2. Laboratory evidence suggested that solid O-2 may either exist in a cold (< 50 K) subsurface layer of the icy surface of Ganymede, or it is in an atmospheric haze of the moon. Alternatively, O-2 is constantly replenished at the surface through ion irradiation of water-containing ices. A conclusive answer on the existence of solid O-2 on the surface of Ganymede is hampered by the lack of detailed, extensive ob.ervational datasets. We present new ground-based, high-resolution spectroscopic ob.ervations of Ganymede's surface obtained at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. These are combined with dedicated laboratory measurements of ultraviolet-visib.e (UV-vis) photoabsorption spectra of O-2 ice, both pure and mixed with other species of potential interest for the Galilean satellites. Our study confirms that the two bands identified in the visib.e spectra of Ganymede's surface are due to the (1,0) and (0,0) transition bands of O-2 ice. Oxygen-rich ice mixtures including water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) can reproduce ob.ervational reflectance data of the Ganymede's surface better than pure O-2 ice in the temperature range 20-35 K. Solid H2O and CO2 also provide an environment where O-2 ice can be trapped at higher temperatures than its pure ice desorption under vacuum space conditions. Our experiments at different temperatures show also that the (1,0)/(0,0) ratio in case of the CO2:O-2 = 1:2 ice mixture at 35 K has the closest value to ob.ervations, while at 30 K the (1,0)/(0,0) ratio seems to be mixture independent with the exception of the N-2:O-2 = 1:2 ice mixture. The present work will be part of a laboratory spectroscopic database in support of the eSA/JUICe mission to the Jovian system.

关键词： Cosmochemistry- ultraviolet ob.ervations- ices UV spectroscopy-Jupiter Satellites-satellites Surfaces

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Projected Sliced Wasserstein Autoencoder-based Hyperspectral Images Anomaly Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chen, Yurong Zhang, Hui Wang, Yaonan Wu, Q. M. Jonathan Yang, Yimin National Engineering Laboratory of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology School of Robotics Hunan University Hunan Changsha410082 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Windsor WindsorONN9B3P4 Canada Department of Computer Science Lakehead University ONP7B 5E1 Canada Vector Institute TorontoONM5G 1M1 Canada

Anomaly detection refers to identifying the ob.ervation that deviates from the normal pattern, which has b.en an active research area in various domains. Recently, the increasing data scale, complexity, and dimension turns the traditional representation and statistical-based outlier detection method into challenging. In this paper, we leverage the generative model in hyperspectral images anomaly detection. The gist is to model the distribution of the normal data, while the out-of-distribution sample can be viewed as the outlier. At first, the variational inference-based anomaly detection methods are investigated. We theoretically and empirically find that they are unstab.e due to the strong notion of distance (f-divergence) served as the regularization. Secondly, this paper introduces sliced Wasserstein distance, which is a weaker distribution measure compared with f-divergence. However, the number of randomly slicing poses a difficulty to estimate the true distance. In the end, we propose a projected sliced Wasserstein (PSW) autoencoder-based anomaly screening method. In particular, we leverage a computation-friendly eigen-decomposition method to find the principal component as slicing the high-dimensional data. Furthermore, our proposed distance can be calculated with the closed-form, even the prior distribution is not Gaussian. Comprehensive experiments conducted on various real-world hyperspectral anomaly detection benchmarks demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed method. © 2021, CC bY.

关键词： Spectroscopy

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Flow-based Programming For Machine Learning

Research Square

引用

Research Square 2021年

作者： Mahapatra, Tanmaya banoo, Syeeda Nilofer Lehrstuhl für Software und Systems Engineering Fakultät für Informatik Technische Universität München Boltzmannstraße 03 Garching b München85748 Germany Birla Institute of Technology and Science Department of Computer Science and Information Systems Vidya Vihar Pilani333031 India

Machine Learning (ML) has gained prominence and has tremendous applications in fields like medicine, biology, geography and astrophysics, to name a few. Arguably, in such areas it is used by domain experts, who are not necessarily skilled-programmers. Thus, it presents a steep learning curve for such domain experts in programming ML applications. To overcome this and foster widespread adoption of ML techniques, we propose to equip them with domain-specific graphical tools. Such tools, based on the principles of flow-based programming paradigm, would support the graphical composition of ML applications at a higher level of abstraction and auto-generation of target code. Accordingly, (i) we have modelled ML algorithms as composab.e components;(ii) described an approach to parse a flow created by connecting several such composab.e components and use an API-based code generation technique to generate the ML application. To demonstrate the feasibility of our conceptual approach, we have modelled the APIs of Apache Spark ML as composab.e components and validated it in three use-cases. The use-cases are designed to capture the ease of program specification at a higher abstraction level, easy parametrisation of ML APIs, auto-generation of the ML application and auto-validation of the generated model for better prediction accuracy. © 2021, CC bY.

关键词： Machine learning

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Hybrid Feedback for Autonomous Navigation in environments with Arbitrary Convex Obstacles

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Sawant, Mayur berkane, Soulaimane Polushin, Ilia Tayebi, Ab.elhamid Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University LondonONN6A 3K7 Canada Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Quebec in Outaouais 101 St-Jean Bosco GatineauQCJ8X 3X7 Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Lake-head University Thunder BayONP7B 5E1 Canada

We develop an autonomous navigation algorithm for a robot operating in two-dimensional environments cluttered with obstacles having arbitrary convex shapes. The proposed navigation approach relies on a hybrid feedback to guarantee global asymptotic stabilization of the robot towards a predefined target location while ensuring the forward invariance of the obstacle-free workspace. The main idea consists in designing an appropriate switching strategy between the move-to-target mode and the obstacle-avoidance mode based on the proximity of the robot with respect to the nearest obstacle. The proposed hybrid controller generates continuous velocity input trajectories when the robot is initialized away from the boundaries of the unsafe regions. Finally, we provide an algorithmic procedure for the sensor-based implementation of the proposed hybrid controller and validate its effectiveness through some simulation results. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robots

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Android Malware Detection Amid COVID-19

Android Malware Detection Amid COVID-19

引用

International Conference on System Modeling & Advancement in Research Trends (SMART)

作者： Rohit Srivastava R.P. Mishra Vivek Kumar Himanshu Kumar Shukla Neha Goyal Chandrabhan Singh Computer Science and Engineering F.O.E.T. University Lucknow India Electronics and Communication Dr R.M.L. Awadh University Ayodhya India Computer Science and Engineering Teerthanker Mahaveer University Moradabad India Computer Science and Engineering K.M. C. Language University Lucknow India Computer Science and Engineering B.N. College of Engg. and Tech. Lucknow India

ISBN: (数字)9781728189086

ISBN: (纸本)9781728189093

Mobile is a rapidly growing web.environment that attracts malware developers around the world. Smart phones, especially android phones are widely used and are the most popular new target for malware attacks. Most common type of malware found to attack android users was an unauthorized app repackaged as a normal app through a third party, unofficial app store. New apps found in the app store are hard to identify as malicious. Our work develops a malware detector and analyzer. This paper also links insights about malware attacks in COVID-19 on mobile devices. To meet the ob.ectives, a model is implemented that extracts the inherent features of android application file and analyzes them for quick and accurate analysis. The model classifies the apps more accurately as benign or malicious.

关键词： COVID-19 XML Static analysis Machine learning Feature extraction Malware Smart phones

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Genomic Instability and Shear Stress Influence Nanoparticle-Induced endothelial Cell Responses and Gene expression

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2025年

作者： Ab.elkader, Yasmin Ab.elkarim, Mahmoud Suresh, Madhumita Lopera, Tulio J. Dhaliwal, Simranpreet Shojaei, Shahla Pope, Lucas J. Liu, Qian Hu, Pingzhao Haga, Hisashi Thu, Kelsie L. Giunta, Simona Ishihara, Seiichiro Anikovskiy, Max Labouta, Hagar I. Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3M2 Canada The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael’s Hospital Unity Health Toronto University of Toronto TorontoONM5B 1T8 Canada Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3G9 Canada College of Pharmacy University of Manitoba WinnipegMBR3E 0T5 Canada Department of Chemistry University of Calgary CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada Department of Applied Computer Science University of Winnipeg ManitobaR3B 2E9 Canada Department of Biochemistry Western University LondonONN6G 1G8 Canada Faculty of Advanced Life Science Hokkaido University Sapporo060-0810 Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 1A8 Canada Department of Biology and Biotechnologies Charles Darwin Sapienza University of Rome 00185 Italy

Little is known about endothelial cell responses to nanoparticles under conditions simulating dysfunctional endothelium, a hallmark of vascular diseases, cancer, and aging. endothelial genomic abnormalities and shear stress on the endothelial cells due to blood flow are key components of this microenvironment. Using organ-on-a-chip technologies and transcriptomics, we investigated the effects of genomic instability and shear stress on endothelial cell-level and RNA-level responses to CdSe/ZnS and InP/ZnS quantum dots (QDs). Monastrol-induced genomic instability in HUVeC cells (mt-HUVeC) served as our model. Transcriptomic analysis revealed downregulation of cell cycle checkpoint protein (cdc20) in mt-HUVeC under both static and dynamic conditions. CdSe/ZnS QD exposure under dynamic conditions caused downregulation of the adherens junction pathway, correlating with higher uptake, and upregulation of heat shock and inflammatory response pathways. In contrast, InP/ZnS QDs upregulated tight junctions, explaining lower uptake. both QDs induced apoptotic pathway upregulation, with CdSe/ZnS QDs having more detrimental effects on viability. Combining genomic instability and shear stress to mimic tumor microenvironments prominently downregulated cell cycle and division pathways. These findings guide future studies to better characterize endothelial responses to nanoparticles under biologically relevant conditions. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shear stress

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Metamodelling the Hot Deformation behaviour of Titanium Alloys Using a Mean-Field Approach

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： branco Ferraz, Franz Miller buzolin, Ricardo Henrique Sztangret, Lukasz Carazo, Fernando Wang, Peng Szeliga, Danuta dos Santos effertz, Pedro Maciol, Piotr Krumphals, Alfred Poletti, Maria Cecilia Institute of Materials Science Joining and Forming Graz University of Technology Kopernikusgasse 24/I Graz8010 Austria Christian Doppler Laboratory for Design of High-Performance Alloys by Thermomechanical Processing Kopernikusgasse 24 Graz8010 Austria Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland voestalpine BÖHLER Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG Mariazellerstraße 25 Kapfenberg8605 Austria San Juan1290 Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICET Godoy Cruz 2290 Buenos Aires 1425 Argentina Philip Morris International Quai Jeanrenaud 3 Neuchâtel2000 Switzerland

During the thermomechanical processing of titanium alloys in the β-domain, the β-phase undergoes restoration phenomena. In this work, they are described by a mean-field physical model that correlates the flow stress with the microstructural evolution. To reduce the computational time of process simulations, metamodels are developed for specific outputs of the mean-field physical model using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Decision Tree Regression (DTR). The performance of the obtained metamodels is evaluated in terms of the coefficient of determination (R²), the root-mean-square error (RMSe), and the mean relative error (MRe). No significant difference was ob.erved between R2training and R2testing, meaning that all the metamodels correctly generalise the overall behaviour of the outputs for a wide range of inputs. The evolution of the metamodel outputs is compared with the model predictions in two different situations: 1) at a constant strain rate and temperature, and 2) during Finite element (Fe) simulations of the hot deformation of a hat-shaped sample, where temperature and effective strain rate vary at each element during deformation. The evolution of the outputs at constant and non-constant strain rate and temperature demonstrated the robustness of the metamodels in predicting the heterogeneous deformation within a workpiece. The computational time required by the metamodels to calculate selected outputs can be more than 100 times less than that of the model itself at constant strain rate using MATLAb®, and up to 19% less when coupled with Fe simulations. The simulation results combined with microstructural analysis are used to visualise the different restoration mechanisms occurring in different regions of the hat-shaped sample as a function of the local thermomechanical history. The changes in strain rate and temperature during deformation influence the evolution of the wall dislocation density and the immobilisation rate of mobile dislocations at subgrai

关键词： Strain rate

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Confined variational calculation of positronium-hydrogen scattering below the positronium excitation threshold

引用

Physical Review A 2021年第2期103卷 022817-022817页

作者： M.-S. Wu J.-Y. Zhang Y. Qian K. Varga U. Schwingenschlögl Z.-C. Yan State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071 China School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Department of Physics University of New Brunswick Fredericton New Brunswick Canada E3B 5A3

The confined variational method is used to study S-, P-, and D-wave positronium-hydrogen scattering with the scattering energy between 0.068 and 3.333 eV. Accurate phase shifts and S-wave scattering lengths are calculated and compared with other theoretical methods. existing discrepancies for the D-wave phase shifts are resolved. According to collision momentum, total orbital angular momentum, and spin configuration, the distortion effects of positronium are quantitatively studied. Finally, the finite nuclear mass effects are investigated.

关键词： electron & positron scattering Positronium First-principles calculations

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Computational Pathology: A Survey Review and The Way Forward

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hosseini, Mahdi S. bejnordi, babak ehteshami Trinh, Vincent Quoc-Huy Chan, Lyndon Hasan, Danial Li, Xingwen Yang, Stephen Kim, Taehyo Zhang, Haochen Wu, Theodore Chinniah, Kajanan Maghsoudlou, Sina Zhang, Ryan Zhu, Jiadai Khaki, Samir buin, Andrei Chaji, Fatemeh Salehi, Ala Nguyen, bich Ngoc Samaras, Dimitris Plataniotis, Konstantinos N. Concordia Univeristy MontrealQCH3H 2R9 Canada Qualcomm AI Research Qualcomm Technologies Netherlands B.V. Amsterdam Netherlands Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer The University of Montreal MontrealQCH3T 1J4 Canada University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3G4 Canada Huron Digitial Pathology St. JacobsONN0B 2N0 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Brunswick FrederictonNBE3B 5A3 Canada University of Montreal Hospital Center MontrealQCH2X 0C2 Canada Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States

Computational Pathology (CPath) is an interdisciplinary science that augments developments of computational approaches to analyze and model medical histopathology images. The main ob.ective for CPath is to develop infrastructure and workflows of digital diagnostics as an assistive CAD system for clinical pathology, facilitating transformational changes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer that are mainly address by CPath tools. With evergrowing developments in deep learning and computer vision algorithms, and the ease of the data flow from digital pathology, currently CPath is witnessing a paradigm shift. Despite the sheer volume of engineering and scientific works being introduced for cancer image analysis, there is still a considerab.e gap of adopting and integrating these algorithms in clinical practice. This raises a significant question regarding the direction and trends that are undertaken in CPath. In this article we provide a comprehensive review of more than 700 papers to address the challenges faced in prob.em design all-the-way to the application and implementation viewpoints. We have catalogued each paper into a model-card by examining the key works and challenges faced to layout the current landscape in CPath. We hope this helps the community to locate relevant works and facilitate understanding of the field's future directions. In a nutshell, we oversee the CPath developments in cycle of stages which are required to be cohesively linked together to address the challenges associated with such multidisciplinary science. We overview this cycle from different perspectives of data-centric, model-centric, and application-centric prob.ems. We finally sketch remaining challenges and provide directions for future technical developments and clinical integration of CPath. For updated information on this survey review paper and accessing to the original model cards repository, please refer to GitHub. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pathology

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MANeT: IMPROVeD SeCUReD ROUTING FOR AODV

MANET: IMPROVED SECURED ROUTING FOR AODV

引用

Interdisciplinary Humanitarian Conference for Sustainability (IIHC), International

作者： Priyanka Shah Om Prakash K balaji Surendra Kumar Shukla Meenakshi Sharma Jasdeep Singh Department of E & C Parul University Vadodara Gujarat India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Galgotias University Greater Noida Uttar Pradesh India Department of CSE B V Raju Institute of Technology Narsapur Telangana State India Department of CSE Graphic Era Deemed to be University Dehradun Uttarakhand India Department of Education OSD Sanskriti University Mathura Uttar Pradesh India Department of CSE RIMT University Mandi Godindgarh India

Various routing methods and approaches are being integrated into wireless networks, making it a topic for future investigation. The two primary wireless routing issues under research are security and congestion reduction. The bulk of security research relies on key-based approaches or third-party trust control systems. The routing protocol would be secured by validating a nonblocking identity, which is relayed to each site via protocol, according to the study's enhanced route security. Adhoc upon Request Vertical (AODV) connectivity is a dynamically routing technique that chooses the best route based on the databases of its neighbors. The research in this article emphasizes privacy for routing security, and simulators are given to show the improved delivery ratio, speed, end-to-end lag, and reduced packet loss rate of the Ad hoc On Requirement Done Accordingly (AODV) networking protocol. Attacks are deliberately avoided by modifying the basic implementation of the AODV networking protocol. Further suggestions made in this research include the deployment of an access control strategy and distinctive key-based verification for AODV. There is always a need for research in this area since security measures might have a detrimental influence on the functioning of the system in place. There is an urgent need for continued study in this area but since audiovisual and audio industries are growing quickly.

关键词： Industries Privacy employment Packet loss Routing Routing protocols Security

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