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A Hybrid Statistical-Dynamical Downscaling of Air Temperature over Scandinavia Using the WRF Model

Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2020年第1期37卷 57-74页

作者： Jianfeng WANG Ricardo M.FONSECA Kendall RUTLEDGE Javier MARTÍN-TORRES Jun YU Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics UmeåUniversitySE 90187UmeåSweden Group of Atmospheric Science Division of Space TechnologyDepartment of Computer ScienceElectrical and Space EngineeringLuleåUniversity of TechnologySE 97187 LuleåSweden Novia University of Applied Sciences PO BOX 6FI-65201 VaasaFinland Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra 18100 GranadaSpain The Pheasant Memorial Laboratory for Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry Institute for Planetary MaterialsOkayama University at MisasaTottori 682-0193Japan

An accurate simulation of air temperature at local scales is crucial for the vast majority of weather and climate *** this work,a hybrid statistical–dynamical downscaling method and a high-resolution dynamical-only downscaling method are applied to daily mean,minimum and maximum air temperatures to investigate the quality of localscale estimates produced by *** two downscaling approaches are evaluated using station observation data obtained from the Finnish Meteorological Institute over a near-coastal region of western *** dynamical downscaling is performed with the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model,and the statistical downscaling method implemented is the Cumulative Distribution Function-transform(CDF-t).The CDF-t is trained using 20 years of WRF-downscaled Climate Forecast System Reanalysis data over the region at a 3-km spatial resolution for the central month of each *** performance of the two methods is assessed qualitatively,by inspection of quantile-quantile plots,and quantitatively,through the Cramer-von Mises,mean absolute error,and root-mean-square error *** hybrid approach is found to provide significantly more skillful forecasts of the observed daily mean and maximum air temperatures than those of the dynamical-only downscaling(for all seasons).The hybrid method proves to be less computationally expensive,and also to give more skillful temperature forecasts(at least for the Finnish near-coastal region).

关键词： WRF air temperature Cumulative Distribution Function-transform hybrid statistical–dynamical downscaling,model evaluation Scandinavian Peninsula

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Entanglement Verification of Hyperentangled Photon Pairs

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Zeitler, Christopher K. Chapman, Joseph C. Chitambar, Eric Kwiat, Paul G. Illinois Quantum Information Science and Technology Center University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Physics University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

We experimentally investigate the properties of hyperentangled states displaying simultaneous entanglement in multiple degrees of freedom, and find that Bell tests beyond the standard Clauser, Horne, Shimony, Holt inequality can reveal a higher-dimensional nature in a device-independent way. Specifically, we show that hyperentangled states possess more than just simultaneous entanglement in separate degrees of freedom but also entanglement in a higher dimensional Hilbert space. We also verify the steerability of hyperentangled quantum states by steering different photonic degrees of freedom. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Roadmap for phase change materials in photonics and beyond (vol 26, 107946, 2023)

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Iscience 2023年第12期26卷 107946页

作者： Prabhathan, Patinharekandy Sreekanth, Kandammathe Valiyaveedu Teng, Jinghua Ko, Joo Hwan Yoo, Young Jin Jeong, Hyeon-Ho Lee, Yubin Zhang, Shoujun Cao, Tun Popescu, Cosmin-Constantin Mills, Brian Gu, Tian Fang, Zhuoran Chen, Rui Tong, Hao Wang, Yi He, Qiang Lu, Yitao Liu, Zhiyuan Yu, Han Mandal, Avik Cui, Yihao Ansari, Abbas Sheikh Bhingardive, Viraj Kang, Myungkoo Lai, Choon Kong Merklein, Moritz Mueller, Maximilian J. Song, Young Min Tian, Zhen Hu, Juejun Losurdo, Maria Majumdar, Arka Miao, Xiangshui Chen, Xiao Gholipour, Behrad Richardson, Kathleen A. Eggleton, Benjamin J. Sharda, Kanudha Wuttig, Matthias Singh, Ranjan Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies The Photonic Institute 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A∗STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis #08-03 Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea School of Materials Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 61005 Republic of Korea DELL Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Technology (Ministry of Education of China) Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China DELL School of Optoelectronic Engineering and Instrumentation Science Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Department of Materials Science &amp Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Materials Research Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Electrical &amp Computer Engineering University of Washington Washington Seattle USA Wuhan National Research Center for Optoelectronics School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Institute of Advanced Materials Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Nanoscale Optics Lab ECE Department University of Alberta Edmonton Canada CREOL College of Optics and Photonics University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA Institute of Photonics and Optical Science (IPOS) School of Physics The University of Sydney New South Wales NSW 2006 Australia The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano) The University of Sydney New South Wales NSW 2006 Australia Insti

Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential as a platform for achieving diverse functionalities in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from terahertz to visible frequencies. This comprehensive roadmap reviews the material and device aspects of PCMs, and their diverse applications in active and reconfigurable micro-nanophotonic devices across the electromagnetic spectrum. It discusses various device configurations and optimization techniques, including deep learning-based metasurface design. The integration of PCMs with Photonic Integrated Circuits and advanced electric-driven PCMs are explored. PCMs hold great promise for multifunctional device development, including applications in non-volatile memory, optical data storage, photonics, energy harvesting, biomedical technology, neuromorphic computing, thermal management, and flexible electronics.

关键词： Physics Applied physics Materials application

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A Path Integral Ground State Monte Carlo Algorithm for Entanglement of Lattice Bosons

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Casiano-Diaz, Emanuel Herdman, C.M. Maestro, Adrian Del Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Los Alamos National Laboratory Computer Computational and Statistical Sciences Division Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Physics Middlebury College MiddleburyVT05753 United States Min H. Kao Department Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States

A ground state path integral quantum Monte Carlo algorithm is introduced that allows for the study of entanglement in lattice bosons at zero temperature. The Rényi entanglement entropy between spatial subregions is explored across the phase diagram of the one dimensional Bose-Hubbard model for systems consisting of up to L = 256 sites at unit-filling without any restrictions on site occupancy, far beyond the reach of exact diagonalization. The favorable scaling of the algorithm is demonstrated through a further measurement of the Rényi entanglement entropy at the two dimensional superfluid-insulator critical point for large system sizes, confirming the existence of the expected entanglement boundary law in the ground state. The Rényi estimator is extended to measure the symmetry resolved entanglement that is operationally accessible as a resource for experimentally relevant lattice gases with fixed total particle number. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ground state

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Publisher Correction: A conformable phased-array ultrasound patch for bladder volume monitoring

引用

Nature Electronics 2024年 91页

作者： Lin Zhang Colin Marcus David Mejorado Sara V. Fernandez Ikra Iftekhar Shuvo David Sadat Wenya Du Canan Dagdeviren Anantha P. Chandrakasan Dabin Lin Weiguo Liu Scott Joseph Schoen Jr Theodore T. Pierce Viksit Kumar David Hunt Qian Li Hannah Edenbaum Anthony E. Samir Li Jin Fei Li Yonina C. Eldar Media Lab Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA School of Opto-electronical Engineering Xi’an Technological University Xi’an China Center for Ultrasound Research & Translation Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China Faculty of Math and Computer Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel

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基于大语言模型的糖尿病管理:潜力与展望

引用

science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 583-588页

作者：盛斌管洲榆 Lee-Ling Lim 江泽铧 Nestoras Mathioudakis 李佳佳刘茹涵包玉倩 Yong Mong Bee 王亚星郑颖丰 Gavin Siew Wei Tan 纪宏伟 Josip Car 王海波 David C.Klonoff 李华婷覃宇宗黄天荫贾伟平 Shanghai International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Prevention and Treatment for Metabolic Diseases Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSchool of ElectronicInformationand Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai 200240China MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Asia Diabetes Foundation Hong KongChina Tsinghua Medicine of Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China School of Clinical Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalBeijing 102218China Division of Endocrinology Diabetes&MetabolismJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21211USA Department of Endocrinology Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital University of Medical ScienceBeijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing 100730China State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangzhou 510060China Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore 168751Singapore Department of Cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266011China Centre for Population Health Sciences Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological University SingaporeSingapore 639798Singapore Department of Primary Care and Public Health School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondon SW72BUUK Clinical Trial Unit Research Centre of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

The increasing prevalence of diabetes has become a global public health concern in the 21st *** 2021,it was estimated that 537 million people had diabetes,and this number is projected to reach 643 million by 2030,and 783 million by 2045[1].Such a huge burden of diabetes brings great challenges in its prevention and management,including early diagnosis,timely interventions,and regular monitoring of risk factor control and complications *** self-care support and patient empowerment can enhance clinical and psychobehavioural outcomes[2],although these require additional resources including manpower,infrastructure(hard and technology),and *** emergence of digital health technologies(DHTs),especially artificial intelligence(AI),may help address these obstacles and alleviate the burden of diabetes[3].Large language models(LLMs),a generative AI that can accept image and text inputs and produce text outputs,have shown promise in various aspects of medical care.

关键词： prevention diagnosis finance

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Thermalization of interacting quasi-one-dimensional systems

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Panfil, Milosz Gopalakrishnan, Sarang Konik, Robert M. Faculty of Physics University of Warsaw ul. Pasteura 5 Warsaw02-093 Poland Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Division Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States

Many experimentally relevant systems are quasi-one-dimensional, consisting of nearly decoupled chains. In these systems, there is a natural separation of scales between the strong intra-chain interactions and the weak interchain coupling. When the intra-chain interactions are integrable, weak interchain couplings play a crucial part in thermalizing the system. Here, we develop a Boltzmann-equation formalism involving a collision integral that is asymptotically exact for any interacting integrable system, and apply it to develop a quantitative theory of relaxation in coupled Bose gases in the experimentally relevant Newton's cradle setup. We find that relaxation involves a broad spectrum of timescales. We provide evidence that the Markov process governing relaxation at late times is gapless;thus, the approach to equilibrium is generally non-exponential, even for spatially uniform perturbations. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Boltzmann equation

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Temperature-Gradient-Driven Magnetic Skyrmion Motion

引用

Physical Review Applied 2022年第2期18卷 024062-024062页

作者： Eleonora Raimondo Elias Saugar Joseph Barker Davi Rodrigues Anna Giordano Mario Carpentieri Wanjun Jiang Oksana Chubykalo-Fesenko Riccardo Tomasello Giovanni Finocchio Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences University of Messina I-98166 Messina Italy Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid CSIC Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Politecnico of Bari 70125 Bari Italy Department of Engineering University of Messina I-98166 Messina Italy State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The static and dynamic properties of skyrmions have recently received increased attention due to the potential application of skyrmions as information carriers and for unconventional computing. While the current-driven dynamics has been explored deeply, both theoretically and experimentally, the theory of temperature gradient-induced dynamics—skyrmion caloritronics—is still at its early stages of development. Here, we move the topic forward by identifying the role of entropic torques due to the temperature dependence of magnetic parameters. Our results show that skyrmions move towards higher temperatures in single-layer ferromagnets with interfacial Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interactions, whereas, in multilayers, they move to lower temperatures. We analytically and numerically demonstrate that the opposite behaviors are due to different scaling relations of the material parameters as well as a non-negligible magnetostatic field gradient in multilayers. We also find a spatially dependent skyrmion Hall angle in multilayers hosting hybrid skyrmions due to variations of the thickness-dependent chirality as the skyrmion moves along the temperature gradient.

关键词： Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction Micromagnetism Skyrmions Spin caloritronics Temperature Thermal energy harvesting devices Ferromagnets Synthetic antiferromagnetic multilayers

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Super-resolution compressive spectral imaging via two-tone adaptive coding

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Photonics Research 2020年第6期8卷 395-411页

作者： CHANG XU TINGFA XU GE YAN XU MA YUHAN ZHANG XI WANG FENG ZHAO GONZALO R.ARCE Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Imaging Technology and System School of Optics and PhotonicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyGuilin 541004China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of DelawareNewarkDelaware 19716USA

Coded apertures with random patterns are extensively used in compressive spectral imagers to sample the incident scene in the image *** samplings,however,are inadequate to capture the structural characteristics of the underlying signal due to the sparsity and structure nature of sensing matrices in spectral *** paper proposes a new approach for super-resolution compressive spectral imaging via adaptive *** this method,coded apertures are optimally designed based on a two-tone adaptive compressive sensing(CS)framework to improve the reconstruction resolution and accuracy of the hyperspectral imager.A liquid crystal tunable filter(LCTF)is used to scan the incident scene in the spectral domain to successively select different spectral *** output of the LCTF is modulated by the adaptive coded aperture patterns and then projected onto a lowresolution detector *** coded aperture patterns are implemented by a digital micromirror device(DMD)with higher resolution than that of the *** to the strong correlation across the spectra,the recovered images from previous spectral channels can be used as a priori information to design the adaptive coded apertures for sensing subsequent spectral *** particular,the coded apertures are constructed from the a priori spectral images via a two-tone hard thresholding operation that respectively extracts the structural characteristics of bright and dark regions in the underlying ***-resolution image reconstruction within a spectral channel can be recovered from a few snapshots of low-resolution *** no additional side information of the spectral scene is needed,the proposed method does not increase the system *** on the mutual-coherence criterion,the proposed adaptive CS framework is proved theoretically to promote the sensing efficiency of the spectral *** and experiments are provided to demonstrate and assess the proposed adaptive cod

关键词： resolution spectral image

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Second-harmonic generation of structured light by transition-metal dichalcogenide metasurfaces

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Physical Review A 2020年第4期102卷 043508-043508页

作者： Ling Ling Meng Xiaoyan Y. Z. Xiong Tian Xia Qin S. Liu Li Jun Jiang Wei E. I. Sha Weng Cho Chew Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Illinois 61820 USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University Indiana 47907 USA

Structured light characterized by spatially inhomogeneous optical fields found rich applications in optical communication, sensing, microscopy, manipulation, and quantum information. While generation of structured light has been extensively studied in linear optics, the nonlinear optical process, particularly in two-dimensional (2D) materials, is an emerging alternative for generating structured light at shorter wavelengths. In this work, we theoretically demonstrate that radially and azimuthally polarized beams and vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum could be generated at second-harmonic frequencies by using 2D material-based metasurfaces comprising the same transition-metal dichalcogenide meta-atoms. Manipulation of translations and orientations of anisotropically nonlinear meta-atoms exhibiting a threefold rotation-symmetrical crystalline structure induces strong nonlinear spin-orbital coupling, which enables simultaneous control of spatial phase and polarization in second-harmonic generation. The nonlinear transition-metal dichalcogenide metasurface proposed is promising for on-chip integration of nonlinear generation of structured light.

关键词： Angular momentum of light Metamaterials Nonlinear optics

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