检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

SSRN 2022年

作者： Silva dos Santos, Wayler Carmo, Éder J. Nascimento, Lucas L. Patrocínio, Antônio O.T. Guo, Ruyan Bhalla, Amar Singh Guerra, José D.S. Group of Ferroelectrics and Multifunctional Materials Institute of Physics Federal University of Uberlandia Minas Gerais Uberlandia38408-100 Brazil Laboratory of Photochemistry and Materials Science Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlandia Minas Gerais Uberlandia38408-100 Brazil Multifunctional Electronic Materials and Devices Research Lab. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering The University of Texas at San Antonio San AntonioTX78249 United States

Recent researches on Bi 46 V 8 O 89 (fluorite) and Bi 4 V 2 O 11 (perovskite) superstructures have increased because they present, respectively, an ionic conductivity promoted by oxygen sites partially linked to Bi 3+ cations and a strong polar response due to the formation of an internal electric field to improve the separation of the photogenerated electron/hole pairs. This work presents a study on the pH control of the deposition solution for the manufacture of unprecedented thin hybrid films heterostructure (virtual p–n junction), based on the Bi 46 V 8 O 89 /Bi 4 V 2 O 11 . Results revealed that the attenuation of the quantum confinement effect, due to the decrease in crystallite size, and the Bi 5+ self-doping in the Bi 46 V 8 O 89 structure, promoted the reduction in the bandgap energy. Furthermore, it was observed that, under illumination, the Bi 5+ –Bi 46 V 8 O 89 /Bi 4 V 2 O 11 photoelectrode showed a high electron lifetime value of about 39.13 ms, while the Bi 46 V 8 O 89 and Bi 5+ –Bi 46 V 8 O 89 photoelectrodes depicted lower lifetime values around 0.017 ms and 0.07 ms, respectively. These results may open new possibilities for the fabrication of bifunctional materials based on bismuth-vanadium-oxide for application in optoelectronic devices. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optoelectronic devices

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Wireless for Machine Learning: a Survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Hellström, Henrik da Silva, José Mairton Barros Amiri, Mohammad Mohammadi Chen, Mingzhe Fodor, Viktoria Vincent Poor, H. Fischione, Carlo KTH - Royal Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Sweden MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT Media Laboratory United States Princeton University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States

As data generation increasingly takes place on devices without a wired connection, machine learning (ML) related traffic will be ubiquitous in wireless networks. Many studies have shown that traditional wireless protocols are highly inefficient or unsustainable to support ML, which creates the need for new wireless communication methods. In this survey, we give an exhaustive review of the state-of-the-art wireless methods that are specifically designed to support ML services over distributed datasets. Currently, there are two clear themes within the literature, analog over-the-air computation and digital radio resource management optimized for ML. This survey gives a comprehensive introduction to these methods, reviews the most important works, highlights open problems, and discusses application scenarios. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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A proof-of-majority consensus protocol for blockchain-enabled collaboration infrastructure of 5G network slice brokers 2

A proof-of-majority consensus protocol for blockchain-enable...

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2nd ACM International Symposium on Blockchain and Secure Critical Infrastructure, BSCI 2020, Co-located with AsiaCCS 2020

作者： Lin, Wenmin Xu, Xiaolong Qi, Lianyong Zhang, Xuyun Dou, Wanchun Khosravi, Mohammad R. Institute of VR and Intelligent Systems Alibaba Business School Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou China Nanjing University of Information and Technology Nanjing China Qufu Normal University Rizhao China Department of Computing Macquarie University Sydney Australia State Key Laboratory of Novel Software Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shiraz University of Technology Shiraz Department of Computer Engineering Persian Gulf University Bushehr Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781450376105

With network slicing technology, 5G changes the classical mobile network business model from a network-operator-oriented business to a more open system with multiple stakeholders. In this context, a network slice broker plays the role of agency between network resource providers and vertical service providers, to lease and provide on-demand network slice services. In practice, a single network slice broker normally owns limited types of network slices. And a collaboration infrastructure could be built up to enable network slice sharing among multiple network slice brokers, so as to improve user experience, and enhance the resource utilization rate. However, a major challenge with such an infrastructure is how to support fair and secure slice trading process among multiple un-trusted network slice providers. Blockchain technology, on the other side, brings in high opportunities to implement a fair and secure trading system without a trusted third-party. In view of this observation, this paper proposes a design of blockchain-enabled collaboration infrastructure for network slice brokers, where a group of registered brokers can trade their network slices in a fair and secure manner. To enhance the accountability of slice trading records, transactions are verified and sorted by each broker node, which are further packed into blocks and appended to a shared ledger maintained by each member in the collaboration network. More specifically, we design a Proof-of-Majority (PoM) consensus protocol to sort slice trading transactions before packing transaction blocks of the shared ledger. Furthermore, an optimization for the basic PoM protocol is discussed, with dependency resolving strategy to improve system performance. Experiments are conducted to verify the feasibility of our proposal. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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A Perspective on Quantum Sensors from Basic Research to Commercial Applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Oh, Eun Gregoire, Maxwell D. Black, Adam T. Hughes, K. Jeramy Kunz, Paul D. Larsen, Michael Lautier-Gaud, Jean Lee, Jongmin Schwindt, Peter D.D. Mouradian, Sara L. Narducci, Frank A. Sackett, Charles A. Laboratory for Physical Sciences College ParkMD20740 United States Air Force Research Laboratory AlbuquerqueNM87117 United States Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonDC20375 United States Fieldline Inc. BoulderCO80301 United States Army Research Laboratory AdelphiMD20783 United States Northrup Grumman Woodland HillsCA91367 United States Rue François Mitterrand Talence33400 France Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM87123 United States AFRL/RVBYT Space Vehicles Directorate Section Head Quantum Optics Optical Sciences Division Fieldline Industries Inc. Quantum Science & Technology Branch Chief DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Department of Physics The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Quantum Science Architect Mission Systems Sector Emerging Capabilities Development iXblue Quantum Sensors The Technical Staff Atom-Optic Sensing Department The Technical Staff Atom-Optic Sensing Department Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Department of Physics Physics Department University of Washington SeattleWA98105 United States Naval Postgraduate School MontereyCA93943 United States University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

Quantum sensors represent a new generation of sensors with improved precision, accuracy, stability, and robustness to environmental effects compared to their classical predecessors. After decades of laboratory development, several types of quantum sensors are now commercially available or are part-way through the commercialization process. This article provides a brief description of the operation of a selection of quantum sensors that employ the principles of atom-light interactions and discusses progress toward packaging those sensors into products. This article covers quantum inertial and gravitational sensors, including gyroscopes, accelerometers, gravimeters, and gravity gradiometers that employ atom interferometry, nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscopes, atomic and spin-defect magnetometers, and Rydberg electric field sensors. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Gyroscopes

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A non-fullerene acceptor enables efficient P3HT-based organic solar cells with small voltage loss and thickness insensitivity

引用

Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第6期30卷 1277-1281页

作者： Ning Wang Weitao Yang Shuixing Li Minmin Shi Tsz-Ki Lau Xinhui Lu Rafi Shikler Chang-Zhi Li Hongzheng Chen MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel

Poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) is a low-cost polymer donor for organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the P3HT-based OSCs usually give low power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) due to the wide bandgap and the high-lying energy levels of P3HT. To solve this problem, in this work, we design and synthesize a new A-D-A type non-fullerene acceptor, DFPCBR, which owns an electron-donating (D) core constructed by linking a 2,5-difluorobenzene ring with two cyclopentadithiophene moieties, and two electron-accepting (A) end-groups of benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole connected with 3-ethyl-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-one. Because of the strong electron-donating ability and large conjugation effect of D core, DFPCBR shows appropriate energy levels and a narrow bandgap matching well with those of P3HT. Therefore, with P3HT as the donor and DFPCBR as the acceptor, the OSCs possess broad absorption range from 350 nm to 780 nm and the reduced energy loss (Eloss) of 0.79 eV (compared with ~1.40 eV for the P3HT:PC61BM device), providing a good PCE of 5.34% with a high open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.80 V. Besides, we observe that the photovoltaic performances of these devices are insensitive to the thickness of the active layers:even if the active layer is as thick as 320 nm,~80%of the best PCE is maintained, which is rarely reported for fullerene-free P3HT-based OSCs, suggesting that DFPCBR has the potential application in commercial OSCs in the future.

关键词： Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Non-fullerene acceptors Organic solar cells Energy loss Thickness insensitivity

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Challenges in Cybersecurity: Lessons from Biological Defense Systems

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Schrom, Edward Kinzig, Ann P. Forrest, Stephanie Graham, Andrea L. Levin, Simon A. Bergstrom, Carl T. Castillo-Chavez, Carlos Collins, James P. de Boer, Rob J. Doupé, Adam Ensafi, Roya Feldman, Stuart Grenfell, Bryan T. Halderman, J. Alex Huijben, Silvie Maley, Carlo Moses, Melanie Perelson, Alan S. Perrings, Charles Plotkin, Joshua Rexford, Jennifer Tiwari, Mohit Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States School of Life Sciences Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Biodesign Center for Biocomputation Security and Society Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Santa Fe Institute Santa FeNM87501 United States Department of Biology University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States School of Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics Utrecht University Utrecht3584 CH Netherlands Center for Cybersecurity and Trusted Foundations Global Security Initiative Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Computer Science and Engineering Division University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Schmidt Futures New YorkNY10011 United States Princeton School of Public and International Affairs Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Center for Computer Security and Society University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Arizona Cancer Evolution Center Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Department of Computer Science University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States Department of Biology University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Biology University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Computer Science Princeton University PrincetonNJ08540 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas AustinTX78712 United States

Defending against novel, repeated, or unpredictable attacks, while avoiding attacks on the ‘self’, are the central problems of both mammalian immune systems and computer systems. Both systems have been studied in great detail, but with little exchange of information across the different disciplines. Here, we present a conceptual framework for structured comparisons across the fields of biological immunity and cybersecurity, by framing the context of defense, considering different (combinations of) defensive strategies, and evaluating defensive performance. Throughout this paper, we pose open questions for further exploration. We hope to spark the interdisciplinary discovery of general principles of optimal defense, which can be understood and applied in biological immunity, cybersecurity, and other defensive realms. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cybersecurity

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Regret and cumulative constraint violation analysis for online convex optimization with long term constraints

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Yi, Xinlei Li, Xiuxian Yang, Tao Xie, Lihua Chai, Tianyou Johansson, Karl H. School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Digital Futures KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Control Science and Engineering College of Electronics and Information Engineering Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Institute for Advanced Study Tongji University Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Synthetical Automation for Process Industries Northeastern University Shenyang China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore

This paper considers online convex optimization with long term constraints, where constraints can be violated in intermediate rounds, but need to be satisfied in the long run. The cumulative constraint violation is used as the metric to measure constraint violations, which excludes the situation that strictly feasible constraints can compensate the effects of violated constraints. A novel algorithm is first proposed and it achieves an O(Tmax{c,1-c}) bound for static regret and an O(T (1-c)/2) bound for cumulative constraint violation, where c ϵ (0, 1) is a user-defined trade-off parameter, and thus has improved performance compared with existing results. Both static regret and cumulative constraint violation bounds are reduced to O(log(T )) when the loss functions are strongly convex, which also improves existing results. In order to achieve the optimal regret with respect to any comparator sequence, another algorithm is then proposed and it achieves the optimal O( p T (1 + PT )) regret and an O(√T) cumulative constraint violation, where PT is the path-length of the comparator sequence. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Comparators (optical)

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A SINS Error Correction Approach Based on Dual-Threshold ZV Detection and Cubature Kalman Filter

A SINS Error Correction Approach Based on Dual-Threshold ZV ...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Ruijie Xu Shichao Chen Wenqiao Sun Yisheng Lv Jialiang Luo Ying Tang The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Information Science & Technology Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems The Center of National Railway Intelligent Transportation System Engineering and Technology Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Beijing China China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Transportation and Economics Research Institute and the Center of National Railway Intelligent Transportation System Engineering and Technology Beijing China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Engineering China University of Geosciences Beijing Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rowan University Glassboro USA

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) can provide real-time positioning information for outdoor users, but cannot for indoor scenarios or heavily occluded outdoor scenarios. Strap-down Inertial Navigation System (SINS) are widely used to locate people in complex interior or heavily occluded outdoor scenarios due to its light weight and low power consumption. However, IMU of SINS are noisy, and the sampling data error is large, which is a divergence of the error with time. Therefore, it will generate a positioning accumulation error, which affects the final positioning accuracy. The problem of cumulative IMU errors is usually dealt with by Zero-Velocity Update (ZUPT). The zero-velocity detection part of basic ZUPT method usually uses a single threshold to determine the gait of pedestrian, which often has the problem of gait misjudgment and omission. To address these problems, this paper proposes a composite conditional detection method to solve the problem of misjudgment in the zero-velocity interval. In addition, we redesign the zero-velocity update algorithm and uses the Cubature Kalman filter (CKF) for pedestrian positioning error correction. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ZUPT method based on dual-threshold detection can better detect the interval between pedestrian motion and stationery than ones with single threshold. The zero-velocity update algorithm based on CKF has higher performance than conventional EKF and UKF methods, which constrains the cumulative error of SINS to about 0.2% of the whole walking distance.

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Constrained deep reinforcement learning for energy sustainable multi-UAV based random access IoT networks with NOMA

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Khairy, Sami Balaprakash, Prasanna Cai, Lin X. Cheng, Yu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago United States Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory IL United States

In this paper, we apply the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technique to improve the massive channel access of a wireless IoT network where solar-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) relay data from IoT devices to remote servers. Specifically, IoT devices contend for accessing the shared wireless channel using an adaptive p-persistent slotted Aloha protocol;and the solar-powered UAVs adopt Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) to decode multiple received data from IoT devices to improve access efficiency. To enable an energy-sustainable capacity-optimal network, we study the joint problem of dynamic multi-UAV altitude control and multi-cell wireless channel access management of IoT devices as a stochastic control problem with multiple energy constraints. To learn an optimal control policy, we first formulate this problem as a Constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP), and propose an online model-free Constrained Deep Reinforcement Learning (CDRL) algorithm based on Lagrangian primal-dual policy optimization to solve the CMDP. Extensive simulations demonstrate that our proposed algorithm learns a cooperative policy among UAVs in which the altitude of UAVs and channel access probability of IoT devices are dynamically and jointly controlled to attain the maximal long-term network capacity while maintaining energy sustainability of UAVs. The proposed algorithm outperforms Deep RL based solutions with reward shaping to account for energy costs, and achieves a temporal average system capacity which is 82.4% higher than that of a feasible DRL based solution, and only 6.47% lower compared to that of the energy-constraint-free system. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

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Layer-dependent optically-induced spin polarization in InSe

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Nelson, Jovan Stanev, Teodor K. Lebedev, Dmitry LaMountain, Trevor Tyler Gish, J. Zeng, Hongfei Shin, Hyeondeok Heinonen, Olle Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Hersam, Mark C. Stern, Nathaniel P. Applied Physics Program Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Material Science & Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Computational Science Division Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States Material Science Division Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60439 United States Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States

Optical control of spin in semiconductors has been pioneered using nanostructures of III-V and II-VI semiconductors, but the emergence of two-dimensional van der Waals materials offers an alternative low-dimensional platform for spintronic phenomena. Indium selenide (InSe), a group-III monochalcogenide van der Waals material, has shown promise for opto-electronics due to its high electron mobility, tunable direct bandgap, and quantum transport. In addition to these confirmed properties, there are predictions of spin-dependent optical selection rules suggesting potential for all-optical excitation and control of spin in a two-dimensional layered material. Despite these predictions, layer-dependent optical spin phenomena in InSe have yet to be explored. Here, we present measurements of layer-dependent optical spin dynamics in few-layer and bulk InSe. Polarized photo-luminescence reveals layer-dependent optical orientation of spin, thereby demonstrating the optical selection rules in few-layer InSe. Spin dynamics are also studied in many-layer InSe using time-resolved Kerr rotation spectroscopy. By applying out-of-plane and in-plane static magnetic fields for polarized emission measurements and Kerr measurements, respectively, the g-factor for InSe was extracted. Further investigations are done by calculating precession values using a k·p model, which is supported by ab-initio density functional theory. Comparison of predicted precession rates with experimental measurements highlights the importance of excitonic effects in InSe for understanding spin dynamics. Optical orientation of spin is an important prerequisite for opto-spintronic phenomena and devices, and these first demonstrations of layer-dependent optical excitation of spins in InSe lay the foundation for combining layer-dependent spin properties with advantageous electronic properties found in this material. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spin dynamics

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