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Evolution of Neuromorphic Computing 4

4th International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies, ICAECT 2024

作者： Sai Sree Vaishnavi, Vakada G. Bhowmik, Biswajit National Institute of Technology Karnataka Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar Ait Lab Brics Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Surathkal Mangalore575025 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343670

With the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, novel and inventive approaches for addressing complex problems are coming to the forefront. Neuromorphic computing based on AI technologies stands as an exemplar, endeavoring to mimic the human brain's intricate neural architecture and computational principles within electronic devices. Contrary to conventional Von Neumann architecture, neuromorphic computing architecture offers a promising solution for building intelligent and efficient computational systems that excel in tasks requiring low power consumption, real-time processing, and adaptability. Subsequently, it is employed in various applications such as robotics, sensory processing, neuromorphic vision, edge computing, etc. This paper explores the conventional Von Neumann architecture and outlines its shortcomings. Next, neuromorphic architecture as an alternative and its evolution are described. Next, the characteristics of neuromorphic computing and its diverse applications are illustrated. The paper also addresses the key challenges hindering neuromorphic computing development. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Neuromorphic Computing Neuromorphic Computing Architecture Neuromorphic Computing Challenges SpiNNaker Von Neumann Architecture

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Emergence, Evolution, and Applications of Cyber-Physical Systems in Smart Society 4

Emergence, Evolution, and Applications of Cyber-Physical Sys...

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4th International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies, ICAECT 2024

作者： Kumar, Sunil Bhowmik, Biswajit National Institute of Technology Karnataka Maharshi Patanjali Cps Lab Brics Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Surathkal Mangalore575025 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343670

With rapid technological advancement, cyber-physical systems (CPS) become an emerging era of engineered systems based on computing, networking, and control technologies that revolutionize human lives. New and smart CPS drives innovation and competition in industrial automation, transportation, healthcare applications, etc. Therefore, it is essential to explore the area. The paper presents the emergence of CPS. It includes CPS's evolution, its necessity, and its importance. Then, we explore the diverse applications of CPS in a smart society. Next, we explore various challenges and recent state-of-the-art to overcome these challenges. CPS connects strongly to the currently prevalent terms Internet of Things, the Industrial Internet, Industry 4.0, and Internet of Everything. All of these illustrate a technology that fundamentally connects the physical and digital worlds. CPS is more foundational and durable than all of these. Thus, the work presented here provides a view of substantial social consequences, making its trend progressive. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： CPS Application CPS Challenges and Research Dimensions CPS Classification CPS Emergence Cyber-Physical Systems

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Nonlinear Filtering With Sample-Based Approximation Under Constrained Communication:Progress, Insights and Trends

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1539-1556页

作者： Weihao Song Zidong Wang Zhongkui Li Jianan Wang Qing-Long Han IEEE the State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Department of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceCollege of Engineering Peking University the Department of Computer Science Brunel University London the School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology the School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology

The nonlinear filtering problem has enduringly been an active research topic in both academia and industry due to its ever-growing theoretical importance and practical *** main objective of nonlinear filtering is to infer the states of a nonlinear dynamical system of interest based on the available noisy measurements. In recent years, the advance of network communication technology has not only popularized the networked systems with apparent advantages in terms of installation,cost and maintenance, but also brought about a series of challenges to the design of nonlinear filtering algorithms, among which the communication constraint has been recognized as a dominating concern. In this context, a great number of investigations have been launched towards the networked nonlinear filtering problem with communication constraints, and many samplebased nonlinear filters have been developed to deal with the highly nonlinear and/or non-Gaussian scenarios. The aim of this paper is to provide a timely survey about the recent advances on the sample-based networked nonlinear filtering problem from the perspective of communication constraints. More specifically, we first review three important families of sample-based filtering methods known as the unscented Kalman filter, particle filter,and maximum correntropy filter. Then, the latest developments are surveyed with stress on the topics regarding incomplete/imperfect information, limited resources and cyber ***, several challenges and open problems are highlighted to shed some lights on the possible trends of future research in this realm.

关键词： Communication constraints maximum correntropy filter networked nonlinear filtering particle filter sample-based approximation unscented Kalman filter

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MMInstruct: a high-quality multi-modal instruction tuning dataset with extensive diversity

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第12期67卷 36-51页

作者： Yangzhou LIU Yue CAO Zhangwei GAO Weiyun WANG Zhe CHEN Wenhai WANG Hao TIAN Lewei LU Xizhou ZHU Tong LU Yu QIAO Jifeng DAI School of Computer Science Nanjing University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai AI Laboratory School of Computer Science Fudan University Department of Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong SenseTime Research Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University

Despite the effectiveness of vision-language supervised fine-tuning in enhancing the performance of vision large language models(VLLMs), existing visual instruction tuning datasets include the following limitations.(1) Instruction annotation quality: despite existing VLLMs exhibiting strong performance,instructions generated by those advanced VLLMs may still suffer from inaccuracies, such as hallucinations.(2) Instructions and image diversity: the limited range of instruction types and the lack of diversity in image data may impact the model's ability to generate diversified and closer to real-world scenarios outputs. To address these challenges, we construct a high-quality, diverse visual instruction tuning dataset MMInstruct,which consists of 973k instructions from 24 domains. There are four instruction types: judgment, multiplechoice, long visual question answering, and short visual question answering. To construct MMInstruct, we propose an instruction generation data engine that leverages GPT-4V, GPT-3.5, and manual correction. Our instruction generation engine enables semi-automatic, low-cost, and multi-domain instruction generation at 1/6 the cost of manual construction. Through extensive experiment validation and ablation experiments,we demonstrate that MMInstruct could significantly improve the performance of VLLMs, e.g., the model fine-tuning on MMInstruct achieves new state-of-the-art performance on 10 out of 12 benchmarks. The code and data shall be available at https://***/yuecao0119/MMInstruct.

关键词： instruction tuning multi-modal multi-domain dataset vision large language model

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COVID-19 Waves and Their Impacts to Society

COVID-19 Waves and Their Impacts to Society

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2023 IEEE Guwahati Subsection Conference, GCON 2023

作者： Kumar, Sunil Bhowmik, Biswajit National Institute of Technology Karnataka Maharshi Patanjali Cps Lab Brics Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bharat Mangalore575025 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337785

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global medical crisis and significant disruptions to daily life since its emergence in December 2019. Rapidly, it spread to 218 countries affecting more than 754 million people. The virus appears in different variants bringing significant implications at all societal levels. Recently, different variants of the virus have emerged, which have caused significant consequences in society. This paper presents the state-of-the-art on other waves caused by COVID-19 variants, their impacts on society, and challenges. The paper also details recent advancements to combat this disease. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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SEOE:an option graph based semantically embedding method for prenatal depression detection

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Frontiers of computer science 2024年第6期18卷 245-258页

作者： Xiaosong HAN Mengchen CAO Dong XU Xiaoyue FENG Yanchun LIANG Xiaoduo LANG Renchu GUAN College of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Christopher S.Bond Life Sciences Center University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA Department of Computer Science and Technology Zhuhai Laboratory of Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of EducationZhuhai College of Science and TechnologyZhuhai 519041China Jilin Provincial Institute of Population Science and Technology Changchun 130000China

Prenatal depression,which can affect pregnant women’s physical and psychological health and cause postpartum depression,is increasing ***,it is essential to detect prenatal depression early and conduct an attribution *** studies have used questionnaires to screen for prenatal depression,but the existing methods lack *** diagnose the early signs of prenatal depression and identify the key factors that may lead to prenatal depression from questionnaires,we present the semantically enhanced option embedding(SEOE)model to represent questionnaire *** can quantitatively determine the relationship and patterns between options and *** first quantifies options and resorts them,gathering options with little difference,since Word2Vec is highly dependent on *** resort task is transformed into an optimization problem involving the traveling salesman ***,all questionnaire samples are used to train the options’vector using ***,an LSTM and GRU fused model incorporating the cycle learning rate is constructed to detect whether a pregnant woman is suffering from *** verify the model,we compare it with other deep learning and traditional machine learning *** experiment results show that our proposed model can accurately identify pregnant women with depression and reach an F1 score of *** most relevant factors of depression found by SEOE are also verified in the *** addition,our model is of low computational complexity and strong generalization,which can be widely applied to other questionnaire analyses of psychiatric disorders.

关键词： questionnaire analyses text classification graph representation learning traveling salesman problem prenatal depression

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Enhancing Movie Recommendation Systems with MapReduce Genetic Algorithms: Addressing Scalability and Accuracy Challenges

Enhancing Movie Recommendation Systems with MapReduce Geneti...

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2024 International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication Systems, ISENSE 2024

作者： Patidar, Priyansh Posa, Sathwik Venkata Girish, K. Rao, Shaifali Bhowmik, Biswajit National Institute of Technology Karnataka Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar AIT Lab BRICS Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Mangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528126

In the world of big data, the efficacy of movie recommendation systems is crucial for personalizing user experiences in digital entertainment. Traditional methods, including collaborative and content-based filtering, often encounter limitations such as data sparsity, cold start problems, and scalability issues. This paper introduces a novel approach that integrates MapReduce technology with Genetic Algorithms (GAs) to address these chal-lenges. Utilizing the Hadoop framework, our MapReduce Genetic Algorithm (MRGA) efficiently processes extensive datasets by distributing tasks across a cluster of machines. The genetic algorithm component optimizes recommendation accuracy through advanced techniques like selection, crossover, and mutation. Our experimental results, based on the MovieLens 100K dataset, demonstrate that the MRGA approach outperforms traditional collaborative filtering methods in terms of recommendation accuracy and scalability. By leveraging MapReduce's distributed computing power and the GA's optimization capabilities, this research offers a robust solution to improve movie recommendations and handle large-scale data efficiently. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： MapReduce

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Performance Analysis and Predictive Modeling of MPI Collective Algorithms in Multi-Core Clusters: A Comparative Study 17

Performance Analysis and Predictive Modeling of MPI Collecti...

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17th International Conference on COMmunication Systems and NETworkS, COMSNETS 2025

作者： Reddy, Manideep Raya V.S.R.S. Raju, Sanjay Ramapogu Girish, K.K. Bhowmik, Biswajit National Institute of Technology Karnataka Maharshi Sushrut CAS Lab BRICS Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Surathkal Mangalore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531195

Efficient communication is the foundation of parallel computing systems, enabling seamless coordination across multiple processors for optimal performance. At the core of this communication lies the Message Passing Interface, a crucial framework designed to facilitate data exchange between processors through collective operations. However, these MPI operations often face challenges, including fluctuating process counts, varying message sizes, and increased communication overhead. These issues can significantly impact execution times and scalability, leading to potential bottlenecks in large-scale systems. To address these concerns, this paper provides an in-depth evaluation of key MPI collective algorithms - Flat Tree, Chain, and Binary Tree - by examining their performance under varying configurations. By analyzing execution times and communication overhead, the study reveals the trade-offs inherent in each algorithm, offering insights into strategies for reducing communication costs. Through this analysis, we aim to provide valuable guidance to improve the efficiency and scalability of parallel computing, particularly in high-performance systems where communication efficiency is critical. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Scalability

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Clustered Reinforcement Learning

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Frontiers of computer science 2025年第4期19卷 43-57页

作者： Xiao MA Shen-Yi ZHAO Zhao-Heng YIN Wu-Jun LI National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Department of Computer Science and TechnologyNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-1770USA

Exploration strategy design is a challenging problem in reinforcement learning(RL),especially when the environment contains a large state space or sparse *** exploration,the agent tries to discover unexplored(novel)areas or high reward(quality)*** existing methods perform exploration by only utilizing the novelty of *** novelty and quality in the neighboring area of the current state have not been well utilized to simultaneously guide the agent’s *** address this problem,this paper proposes a novel RL framework,called clustered reinforcement learning(CRL),for efficient exploration in *** adopts clustering to divide the collected states into several clusters,based on which a bonus reward reflecting both novelty and quality in the neighboring area(cluster)of the current state is given to the *** leverages these bonus rewards to guide the agent to perform efficient ***,CRL can be combined with existing exploration strategies to improve their performance,as the bonus rewards employed by these existing exploration strategies solely capture the novelty of *** on four continuous control tasks and six hard-exploration Atari-2600 games show that our method can outperform other state-of-the-art methods to achieve the best performance.

关键词： deep reinforcement learning exploration count-based method clustering K-means

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Learning continuous network emerging dynamics from scarce observations via data-adaptive stochastic processes

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第12期67卷 240-255页

作者： Jiaxu CUI Qipeng WANG Bingyi SUN Jiming LIU Bo YANG College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Public Computer Education and Research Center Jilin University Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University

Learning network dynamics from the empirical structure and spatio-temporal observation data is crucial to revealing the interaction mechanisms of complex networks in a wide range of domains. However,most existing methods only aim at learning network dynamic behaviors generated by a specific ordinary differential equation instance, resulting in ineffectiveness for new ones, and generally require dense *** observed data, especially from network emerging dynamics, are usually difficult to obtain, which brings trouble to model learning. Therefore, learning accurate network dynamics with sparse, irregularly-sampled,partial, and noisy observations remains a fundamental challenge. We introduce a new concept of the stochastic skeleton and its neural implementation, i.e., neural ODE processes for network dynamics(NDP4ND), a new class of stochastic processes governed by stochastic data-adaptive network dynamics, to overcome the challenge and learn continuous network dynamics from scarce observations. Intensive experiments conducted on various network dynamics in ecological population evolution, phototaxis movement, brain activity, epidemic spreading, and real-world empirical systems, demonstrate that the proposed method has excellent data adaptability and computational efficiency, and can adapt to unseen network emerging dynamics, producing accurate interpolation and extrapolation with reducing the ratio of required observation data to only about 6% and improving the learning speed for new dynamics by three orders of magnitude.

关键词： complex networks network dynamics emerging spatio-temporal dynamics neural processes

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