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Hybrid prediction error and histogram shifting method for reversible data hiding in video system

JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SECURITY AND APPLICATIONS 2025年 89卷

作者： Huang, Cheng-Ta Song, Jing-Xuan Dang, Thi Thu-Ha Yuan Ze Univ Dept Informat Management Taoyuan 32003 Taiwan Yuan Ze Univ Int Bachelor Program Informat Taoyuan 32003 Taiwan

With the rapid advancement of communication technology, ensuring the security of information transmission has become increasingly crucial. In today's digital landscape, video has emerged as one of the most popular media formats. Video Reversible Data Hiding (RDH) involves embedding information or secret data within a video file while preserving the perceived quality of the resulting stego video. This technique enables the receiver to perfectly restore the original video and extract the embedded secret data. Achieving high-quality stego files while maintaining sufficient capacity for secret data remains a significant challenge. This research proposes a novel reversible video data hiding method that utilizes an innovative prediction error algorithm for intra-frame pixel value prediction error calculation. The algorithm generates sharp histograms based on these prediction errors, with sharper histograms corresponding to a higher Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the stego video. Additionally, the method incorporates an adaptive zero-point system to identify which zero point that require minimal histogram shifts, thus achieving adaptive effects within each frame by applying different shifts based on frame characteristics. The proposed prediction error algorithm enhances the histogram shifting effects and addresses the limitation of not embedding data in the first frame while maintaining superior PSNR. Extensive experimental analysis demonstrates that proposed method surpasses various existing techniques in terms of steganographic video quality.

关键词： Video system Reversible data hiding Histogram shifting Prediction error histogram High-quality

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Design and Development of Supersonic Shockwave Soil-Loosening Device That Can Improve the Aeration of Crop Root Zone

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APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2025年第5期15卷 2714-2714页

作者： Hu, Ming-Sen Hsu, Uzu-Kuei Tsai, Shang-Han Lee, Chia-Hsing Air Force Inst Technol Dept Management Kaohsiung 820009 Taiwan Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol Bachelor Program Artificial Intelligence & Mechatr Pingtung 912301 Taiwan Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol Bachelor Program Sci Agr Pingtung 912301 Taiwan Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol Dept Plant Ind Pingtung 912301 Taiwan

Featured Application The shockwave soil-loosening device developed in this paper can effectively improve the aeration of the soil in crops' root zones. It can also significantly reduce the amount of carbon released during the tillage and soil-loosening process, which helps reduce agricultural carbon. We can expand this equipment into a shockwave hole fertilization device to conduct efficient hole-digging and fertilization operations on woody *** When the soil at the plant roots is poorly ventilated due to few pores, the root system will grow short and shallow, leading to poor growth. In this paper, we developed a shockwave soil-loosening device. It can first drill a hollow drill bit containing multi-directional holes into the soil near the roots of the crops and then generate high-pressure gas to impact the soil outside the drill bit to increase the soil pores. Therefore, this can quickly improve soil aeration. We conducted numerical simulations of shockwave loosening to explore how 3.4 atm shockwaves are emitted from the drill bit's porous nozzles and analyze the behavior and efficiency of shockwave loosening. We also performed visual observation experiments of shockwave multi-directional impact in a transparent acrylic water tank. Furthermore, we used eight pressure sensors to automatically measure the range of shockwave impact and found that when the storage tank volume was 5000 cm3, we could achieve a soil loosening range of 30 cm. Finally, this shockwave-loosening mechanism ensures that the soil surface will not be damaged during the loosening process, thus avoiding large-scale tillage disturbance of the soil. This will reduce carbon emissions stored in soil and released into the atmosphere.

关键词： crop growth root zone soil aeration shockwave CFD numerical simulation soil-loosening device observation experiments pressure measurement

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Learning English on Social Media: A Multi-Theoretical Approach to Exploring Continuance Behavior

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION 2025年

作者： Wang, Yu-Yin Chuang, Yu-Wei Chen, Tzu-Yu Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Dept Informat Management Yunlin Taiwan Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Bachelor Program Business & Management Yunlin Taiwan Deloitte & Touche Dept IT Audit & Assurance Hsinchu Taiwan

Given the limited applicability of existing theories and models, this study aims to develop a merged multi-theory model to expand the boundaries of acceptance theories. It is based on the extended post-acceptance model of IS continuance, integrates the uses and gratifications theory, and incorporates self-determination theory to analyze the factors that influence users' continuous engagement with Instagram for English learning. Data collected from 534 Instagram users were analyzed in relation to the research model using the partial least squares (PLS) approach. The key results indicate that facilitating conditions and the intention to continue usage have a significant influence on users' actual continued usage behavior. Satisfaction mediated the impacts of extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation, information gratification, and post-usage usefulness on usage continuance intention. In conclusion, this study proposes a multi-theoretical framework and provides both academics and practitioners with valuable insights which are highly relevant for understanding social media learning behaviors.

关键词： Social media continuance behavior extended post-acceptance model of IS continuance uses and gratifications theory English learning

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The linkage of frontline employees' neuroticism, rumination and negative affect: a moderated moderated mediation model

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF QUALITY AND SERVICE SCIENCES 2025年第1期17卷 90-104页

作者： Hu, Wan-Hsien Lin, Chen-Ju Sanming Univ Sch Econ & Management Sanming Peoples R China Tzu Chi Univ Bachelor Program Management Int Serv Ind Hualien Taiwan

PurposeDrawing on response style theory and conservation of resources theory, this study aims to examine how neuroticism indirectly influences negative affect via rumination, and whether this mediating effect is moderated directly by individual resources (i.e. emotion regulation) and indirectly by social resources (i.e. perceived organizational support [POS]).Design/methodology/approachA total of 181 valid responses were collected using two-wave self-reported questionnaires in Taiwan, and the research hypotheses were tested using partial least squares *** results showed that when both emotion regulation and POS are low, neuroticism has a positive indirect effect on negative affect via rumination. However, this effect weakens or becomes insignificant under other ***/valueThe findings of this study offer a more in-depth examination of the relationships among the traits, rumination, negative affect and both internal and external resources of frontline employees in the service industries. Neuroticism, as a personality trait, is not easily changed. Therefore, helping frontline employees at service sites improve their rumination, training them to regulate their emotions and enhancing the POS can be useful strategies for managers and human resource departments to pursue.

关键词： Neuroticism Emotion regulation Perceived organizational support Rumination Negative affect

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Views of emerging sustainability leaders on the future of Transport: A Q study in a Taiwan tertiary education program

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TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART A-POLICY AND PRACTICE 2024年 190卷

作者： Eccarius, Timo Liu, Shu-Chiu Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ Int Business Bachelor Program Kaohsiung Taiwan Tunghai Univ Sustainabil Sci & Management Program Taichung Taiwan Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ Ctr Gen Educ Kaohsiung Taiwan

As we approach critical milestones such as the year 2050, by which time the global community aims to achieve zero carbon emissions, the decisions we make today concerning transportation infrastructure become increasingly influential. This research seeks to broaden the dialogue beyond the traditional domain of current policymakers and transport planners by incorporating the perspectives of the generation that will inherit and live with the long-term impacts of today's decisions. This study investigates the perspectives of learners in a unique sustainability-focused undergraduate program in Taiwan regarding transportation's future in a world impacted by anthropogenic climate change. Considering their potential as future sustainability professionals and leaders, understanding their views can offer insights for both educational and transportation policy. Using Q methodology, this research captures a range of viewpoints. The five distinct perspectives include the advocates of collective responsibility and tech-optimists, who hold positive views towards collective action and technological advancements respectively. The pragmatic solitaries and private transport advocates, who prioritize personal comfort and express skepticism about environmental targets. The public transport advocates, meanwhile, favor shared forms of transport and see a crucial role for the government in carbon reduction efforts. The study's significance lies in its emphasis on a previously underexplored demographic within the unique context of Taiwan, revealing their perspectives on a transportation future shaped by climate change by using Q methodology, and its implications for policy derived from the findings.

关键词： Transportation futures Sustainability students Viewpoints Q methodology

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Artificial intelligence self-efficacy: Scale development and validation

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Education and Information Technologies 2024年第4期29卷 4785-4808页

作者： Wang, Yu-Yin Chuang, Yu-Wei Department of Information Management National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Bachelor Program in Business and Management National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan

With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) applications, it has become critical for scholars, educators and practitioners to understand an individual’s perceived self-efficacy regarding the use of AI technologies/products. Understanding users’ subsequent behaviors toward the advancement of AI technology is also critical. Despite the growing focus on AI, a suitable scale for measuring AI self-efficacy (AISE) has yet to be developed. Current scales for measuring AISE (i.e., technology self-efficacy scales) are considered inapplicable because they neglect to evaluate perceptions of specific AI characteristics (e.g., AI-based configuration or anthropomorphic design). Given the limitations of existing self-evaluation and diagnostic instruments, the aim of this research is to investigate the construct of AISE, and develop and validate an AISE scale (AISES) for measuring an individual’s perceived self-efficacy in regard to the use of AI technologies/products, in accordance with established exploratory and confirmatory scale development procedures. Specifically, a literature review is employed to generate initial items. An exploratory factor analysis is then performed for item purification purposes. At this stage, potential elements of AISE are extracted. Subsequently, factor extraction and confirmatory factor analysis are used to verify the construct structure of AISE. An analysis of 314 responses indicates that the AISE construct contains four factors: assistance, anthropomorphic interaction, comfort with AI, and technological skills. The scale is comprised of 22 items, and is found to have good fit, reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, content validity, and criterion-related validity. Moreover, nomological validity is built by the positive correlation between the AISE construct and motivated learning behaviors. This paper is the pioneer in developing and validating a scale to measure AISE. The findings extend existing knowledge of AISE and c

关键词： Adoption Artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence self-efficacy Motivated learning behavior Scale development

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Charting Competence: A Holistic Scale for Measuring Proficiency in Artificial Intelligence Literacy

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Journal of Educational Computing Research 2024年第7期62卷 1675-1704页

作者： Yuan, Chien Wen Tsai, Hsin-yi Sandy Chen, Yu-Ting Transdisciplinary Bachelor Degree Program D-School National Taiwan University Department of Transportation and Communication Management Science National Cheng Kung University

The rapid evolution of AI technologies has reshaped our daily lives. As AI systems become increasingly prevalent, AI literacy, the ability to comprehend and engage with these technologies, becomes paramount in modern society. However, existing research has yet to establish a comprehensive framework for AI literacy. This study aims to fill this gap by developing a holistic AI literacy scale. Three levels of dimensions are considered: individual, interactive, and sociocultural. The scale includes cognitive, behavioral, and normative competencies. After rigorous reliability and validity assessments, the final AI literacy scale comprises six dimensions: AI features, AI processing, algorithm influences, user efficacy, ethical consideration, and threat appraisal. Detailed scale development, validation, and dimension-specific items are thoroughly explained. This comprehensive scale equips individuals with the competencies needed to navigate and critically engage with AI in today’s multifaceted AI landscape. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： AI competence assessment AI literacy artificial intelligence multi-level construct scale development

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A novel fuzzy GRA-based possibility theory soft computing process for selection pest control methods

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COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE 2024年 224S卷

作者： Kuo, Ming-Shin Meng, Shiang-Min Chang, Tony Kainan Univ Bachelor Program Artificial Intelligence Technol & Taoyuan City Taiwan Kainan Univ Dept Hlth Ind Management Taoyuan City Taiwan Kainan Univ Dept Int Logist & Transportat Management Taoyuan City Taiwan Hang Jian Technol Hsinchu City Taiwan

The study presents the effective approach that combines the ideal with non-ideal points, GRA, and possibility theory to handle uncertain information in selecting pest control methods within an MCDM problem. The proposed approach for selecting pest control methods can incorporate uncertainty information expressed by fuzzy numbers, possibilistic mean, and possibilistic variance. Decision-maker can comprehend the gaps between alternative solutions and the aspired outcomes, and it allows for the consideration of decision-making risks under a fuzzy environment. The study establishes an evaluation framework for selecting pest control methods by using the empirical study, and one obtains an appropriate pest control method for managing Tessaratoma papillosa in Taiwanese crops. Through the practical example, the proposed approach can be demonstrated the feasibility and efficiency.

关键词： MCDM GRA Possibility theory Fuzzy sets Pest control methods

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Safe towing operation and navigation for towed barge improved by active AIS with solar energy

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Journal of Marine Science and Technology (Japan) 2023年第4期28卷 746-757页

作者： Wang, Hui-Chiao Wu, Chien-Hsing Chang, Horng-Yi Bachelor Degree Program in Ocean Tourism Management National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202301 Taiwan Department of Marine Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202301 Taiwan

An Automatic Identification System (AIS) was installed on a barge. The AIS is active using solar panels with charge controller and battery to supply electric power at day time and night time. Such a novel actively AIS can offer the Speed over Ground (SOG), Course over Ground (COG), and position to tugboat for informing the Master and Officer about the sailing conditions of barge to maintain the towline tension stably and safety of navigation. The AIS also broadcasts the sailing status of barge to other ships in vicinity to maintain situational awareness of collision avoidance. Using this reliable theoretical calculation about the limit tension value of towing line with yawing motion can avoid the limit value of towline tension less than total maximum displacement of tugboat and barge. Those results contribute practical significance for improving the safety of towing operation and navigation at real time. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers (JASNAOE).

关键词： Collision avoidance

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New institutional theory perspective: water safety plan implementations in Thailand, Australia, Indonesia and Nepal

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Urban Water Journal 2024年第4期21卷 448-458页

作者： Tangworachai, Sasipha Lo, Fang-Yi Department of International Business Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan International Business Bachelor Program (IBBA) College of Management National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Water is essential for human life and is an increasingly scarce resource with global population increase and climate change. In recognition of access to water as a fundamental human right, the World Health Organization (WHO) formulated Water Safety Plans (WSP) to be used by water organisations globally to ensure safe and secure water for human consumption. Whether and how water utility organizations use WSPs varies globally, however. We use case study analyses and institutional theory to explore the difference between water utility companies that are forced by regulations to adopt the WSP and those that are not, across four different countries. Our results show variation in WSP adoption based on the country’s legal requirements. We suggest that government regulations are important for promoting the implementation of WSPs by utility organizations and to secure and supply clean water to customers. Such regulations would reduce conspiracy and avoidance actions by organizations that limit the use of WSPs. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Institutional theory isomorphic pressure multiple case study strategic responses water safety plan

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