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Floquet engineering of Lie algebraic quantum systems

Physical Review B 2022年第2期105卷 L020301-L020301页

作者： Jayendra N. Bandyopadhyay Juzar Thingna Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34126 Republic of Korea Department of Physics Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani 333031 India Basic Science Program University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea

We propose a “Floquet engineering” formalism to systematically design a periodic driving protocol in order to stroboscopically realize the desired system starting from a given static Hamiltonian. The formalism is applicable to interacting and noninteracting quantum systems which have an underlying closed Lie algebraic structure. Unlike previous attempts at Floquet engineering, our method produces the desired Floquet Hamiltonian at any driving frequency and is not restricted to the fast or slow driving regimes. The approach is based on Wei-Norman ansatz, which was originally proposed to construct a time-evolution operator for any arbitrary driving. Here, we apply this ansatz to the micromotion dynamics, defined within one period of the driving, and engineer the functional form and operators of the driving protocol by fixing the gauge of the micromotion. To illustrate our idea, we use a two-band system or the systems consisting of two sublattices as a testbed. Particularly, we focus on engineering the cross-stitched lattice model that has been a paradigmatic flat-band model.

关键词： Quantum theory Floquet systems Band structure methods

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Photodynamic and Tissue Tolerable Plasma Therapies as Alternatives to Antimicrobials to Control Pathogenic Biofilms

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Current Oral Health Reports 2015年第1期2卷 57-62页

作者： Paschoal, Marco Aurelio Dantas, Thereza Cristina Botelho Duarte, Simone Master Program in Dentistry CEUMA University São Luis MA Brazil Dentistry Post-Graduation Program Ceará Federal University Fortaleza CE Brazil Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology NYU College of Dentistry New York University New York NY United States

The need for novel antimicrobial techniques has become critical for a number of reasons, including the emergence of resistant strains because of excessive prescription and misuse of antibiotics. The mouth is colonized by a large number of microorganisms. When these microorganisms are organized as biofilms they can contribute to chronic diseases in the human population, such as dental caries, candidiasis, and periodontal disease. Hence, alternative antimicrobial approaches have risen to facilitate the treatment of these diseases. As novel therapies, photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy and tissue-tolerable plasma are promising methods that offer the possibility of microbial decontamination with decreased odds for the traditional side effects. Thus, the present review aims to offer an overview and future directions of these new approaches to control pathogenic oral biofilms. © 2015, Springer International Publishing AG.

关键词： Biofilm Microorganism Photochemotherapy Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy Tissue-tolerable plasma

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A cross-sectional study on gut microbiota and inflammation in patients with chronic kidney disease

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The American journal of the medical sciences 2025年

作者： Bruna R Paiva Júnia Schultz Fluvio Modolon Jessyca S de Brito Julie A Kemp Marcia Ribeiro Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves Lia S Nakao Drielly Vargas Beatriz G Baptista Larissa Fonseca Livia Alvarenga Intikhab Alam Roberto Incitti Alexandre Soares Rosado Ludmila F M F Cardozo Denise Mafra Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences Fluminense Federal University (UFF) Niterói RJ Brazil. Bioscience Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Makkah 23955 Saudi Arabia. Oceanographic Institute University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil. Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil. Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences Fluminense Federal University (UFF) Niterói RJ Brazil. HIV/AIDS Clinical Research Center National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas (INI/Fiocruz) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil. Department of Basic Pathology Federal University of Paraná Curitiba PR Brazil. Graduate Program in Medical Sciences Fluminense Federal University (UFF) Niterói RJ Brazil. Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil Computational Bioscience Research Center Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Makkah 23955 Saudi Arabia. Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences Fluminense Federal University (UFF) Niterói RJ Brazil Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences Fluminense Federal University (UFF) Niterói RJ Brazil Graduate Program in Medical Sciences Fluminense Federal University (UFF) Niterói RJ Brazil. Electronic address: dmafra30@***.

BACKGROUND:This study investigated the inflammatory and gut microbiota profile in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). METHODS:A total of 249 patients undergoing HD and 61 patients on PD participated in the study. The mRNA expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2), nuclear factor-κappa B (NF-κB), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by quantitative real-time PCR. Malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and routine biochemical parameters were also analyzed. The fecal DNA extraction was performed, and the V4 regions of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene were sequenced. Uremic toxins such as p-cresyl sulfate (p-CS), indoxyl sulfate (IS), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plasma levels were determined by HPLC. RESULTS:MDA, IS, and p-CS levels were lower in PD than in HD patients. The mRNA expression of the transcription factors was not different between groups. Gut microbial α-diversity indices showed no significant difference between groups, but the β-diversity was different in PD patients. Members of the genera Meditarraneibacter, Roseburia, Agathobacter, Anaerobutyricum, Collinsella, Streptococcus, Clostridium, and Bacteroides, as well as the families Lachnospiraceae and Enterobacteriaceae, appear to be positively correlated with most dietary factors, particularly lipid and phosphorus intake. CONCLUSION:Our findings indicate that in patients with CKD on HD, there is increased plasma retention of uremic toxins and reduced gut microbial diversity compared to PD patients.

关键词： chronic kidney disease gut microbiota inflammation mitochondrial dysfunction oxidative stress

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Kick-induced rectified current in a symmetric nanoelectromechanical shuttle

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Physical Review B 2021年第6期104卷 064303-064303页

作者： Pinquan Qin Hee Chul Park Department of Physics Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34126 Korea Basic Science Program Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Korea

We have studied rectified current in a geometrically symmetric nanoelectromechanical shuttle with periodic kicks and sinusoidal ac bias voltages. The rectified current is exactly zero under the geometrical symmetry generated by electrons transferring from source to drain electrodes via the movable shuttle. We investigate nonzero rectified currents through the regular motion of the shuttle in which the time-translational symmetry is broken. The motion of the shuttle, moreover, becomes chaotic with the same mechanism as a kicked rotor and generates a scattered current with increasing kick strength. We point out that the time-translational symmetry breaking of the instantaneous current has an important role in the manipulation of the rectified current.

关键词： Classical transport Control & applications of chaos Mesoscopics Chaotic systems Nanomechanical devices

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Work Extraction from Unknown Quantum Sources

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第21期130卷 210401-210401页

作者： Dominik Šafránek Dario Rosa Felix C. Binder Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon - 34126 Korea Basic Science Program Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon—34113 Korea School of Physics Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland

Energy extraction is a central task in thermodynamics. In quantum physics, ergotropy measures the amount of work extractable under cyclic Hamiltonian control. As its full extraction requires perfect knowledge of the initial state, however, it does not characterize the work value of unknown or untrusted quantum sources. Fully characterizing such sources would require quantum tomography, which is prohibitively costly in experiments due to the exponential growth of required measurements and operational limitations. Here, we therefore derive a new notion of ergotropy applicable when nothing is known about the quantum states produced by the source, apart from what can be learned by performing only a single type of coarse-grained measurement. We find that in this case the extracted work is defined by the Boltzmann and observational entropy in cases where the measurement outcomes are, or are not, used in the work extraction, respectively. This notion of ergotropy represents a realistic measure of extractable work, which can be used as the relevant figure of merit to characterize a quantum battery.

关键词： Energy sources Quantum information theory Quantum measurements Quantum protocols Quantum thermodynamics Quantum tomography Shannon entropy Quantum many-body systems

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Wave Packet Spreading with Disordered Nonlinear Discrete-Time Quantum Walks

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Physical Review Letters 2019年第4期122卷 040501-040501页

作者： Ihor Vakulchyk Mikhail V. Fistul Sergej Flach Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science(IBS) Daejeon Korea 34126 Basic Science Program Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon Korea 34113 Russian Quantum Center National University of Science and Technology “MISIS” 119049 Moscow Russia

We use a novel unitary map toolbox—discrete-time quantum walks originally designed for quantum computing—to implement ultrafast computer simulations of extremely slow dynamics in a nonlinear and disordered medium. Previous reports on wave packet spreading in Gross-Pitaevskii lattices observed subdiffusion with the second moment m2∼t1/3 (with time in units of a characteristic scale t0) up to the largest computed times of the order of 108. A fundamental and controversially debated question—whether this process can continue ad infinitum, or has to slow down—stands unresolved. Current experimental devices are not capable to even reach 1/104 of the reported computational horizons. With our toolbox, we outperform previous computational results and observe that the universal subdiffusion persists over an additional four decades reaching “astronomic” times 2×1012. Such a dramatic extension of previous computational horizons suggests that subdiffusion is universal, and that the toolbox can be efficiently used to assess other hard computational many-body problems.

关键词： Anderson localization Anomalous diffusion Diffusion Localization Quantum simulation Quantum walks Wave chaos

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Systemic lupus erythematosus related thrombotic microangiopathy: A retrospective study based on Chinese SLE Treatment and Research Group (CSTAR) registry

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2025年第5期138卷 613-615页

作者： Zhang Yupei Jiang Nan Chen Zhen Duan Xinwang Shi Xiaofei Li Hongbin Jiang Zhenyu Wang Yuhua Wang Yanhong Zhao Jiuliang Wang Qian Tian Xinping Li Mengtao Zeng Xiaofeng Eight-Year Medical Doctor Program Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID) Ministry of Science &amp Technology State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Peking Union Medical College Hospital Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Ministry of Education Beijing China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University Quanzhou Fujian China Department of Rheumatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China Department of Rheumatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang Henan China Department of Rheumatology Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical College Hohhot Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region China Department of Rheumatology First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University Changchun Jilin China Department of Rheumatology Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College Beijing China

To the Editor:Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is an uncommon hematological involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with an estimated incidence of 0.5-1.0%,including but not limited to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP),hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS),and other secondary ***-TMA has a rapid onset and poor prognosis,manifesting as microvascular thrombosis,thrombocytopenia,and microangiopathic hemolytic *** on the Chinese SLE Treatment and Research Group (CSTAR) registry,we aimed to summarize clinical characteristics and explore prognostic risk factors in SLE-TMA patients through a retrospective multicenter study.

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Floquet Anderson localization of two interacting discrete time quantum walks

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Physical Review B 2020年第14期101卷 144201-144201页

作者： Merab Malishava Ihor Vakulchyk Mikhail Fistul Sergej Flach Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34126 Korea Basic Science Program Korea University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Korea Russian Quantum Center National University of Science and Technology MISIS 119049 Moscow Russia

We study the interplay of two interacting discrete time quantum walks in the presence of disorder. Each walk is described by a Floquet unitary map defined on a chain of two-level systems. Strong disorder induces a novel Anderson localization phase with a gapless Floquet spectrum and one unique localization length ξ1 for all eigenstates for noninteracting walks. We add a local contact interaction which is parametrized by a phase shift γ. A wave packet is spreading subdiffusively beyond the bounds set by ξ1 and saturates at a new length scale ξ2≫ξ1. In particular we find ξ2∼ξ11.2 for γ=π. We observe a nontrivial dependence of ξ2 on γ, with a maximum value observed for γ values which are shifted away from the expected strongest interaction case γ=π. The novel Anderson localization regime indicates violation of single parameter scaling for both interacting and noninteracting walks.

关键词： Anderson localization Quantum walks Anderson impurity model Two-level models

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A connectionist semantic network modeling the influence of category member distance on induction strength 13

A connectionist semantic network modeling the influence of c...

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13th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling, ICCM 2015

作者： Vinos, Michael Tsilionis, Efthymios Protopapas, Athanassios Graduate Program in Basic and Applied Cognitive Science University of Athens Ano Ilissia University Campus ZografosGR-15771 Greece Department of Philosophy and History of Science University of Athens Ano Ilissia University Campus ZografosGR-15771 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9789036777636

We present a model for inductive inference when both the premises and the conclusion are categorical. The phenomenon under investigation is that less similar categories in the premises lead to stronger conclusions. The model is based on the Rumelhart semantic connectionist network (Rogers & McClelland, 2004, 2008). Simulations addressed the main phenomenon and nine additional non-trivial phenomena of categorical induction (from Osherson, Smith, Wilkie, Lopez, & Shafir, 1990), providing support to the majority of the hypotheses. © Proceedings of ICCM 2015 - 13th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.

关键词： Semantics

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RelMobNet: End-to-End Relative Camera Pose Estimation Using a Robust Two-Stage Training 17th

RelMobNet: End-to-End Relative Camera Pose Estimation Using ...

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17th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2022

作者： Rajendran, Praveen Kumar Mishra, Sumit Vecchietti, Luiz Felipe Har, Dongsoo Division of Future Vehicle KAIST Daejeon Korea Republic of The Robotics Program KAIST Daejeon Korea Republic of Data Science Group Institute for Basic Science Daejeon Korea Republic of The CCS Graduate School of Mobility KAIST Daejeon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783031250743

Relative camera pose estimation, i.e. estimating the translation and rotation vectors using a pair of images taken in different locations, is an important part of systems in augmented reality and robotics. In this paper, we present an end-to-end relative camera pose estimation network using a siamese architecture that is independent of camera parameters. The network is trained using the Cambridge Landmarks data with four individual scene datasets and a dataset combining the four scenes. To improve generalization, we propose a novel two-stage training that alleviates the need of a hyperparameter to balance the translation and rotation loss scale. The proposed method is compared with one-stage training CNN-based methods such as RPNet and RCPNet and demonstrate that the proposed model improves translation vector estimation by 16.11%, 28.88%, and 52.27% on the Kings College, Old Hospital, and St Marys Church scenes, respectively. For proving texture invariance, we investigate the generalization of the proposed method augmenting the datasets to different scene styles, as ablation studies, using generative adversarial networks. Also, we present a qualitative assessment of epipolar lines of our network predictions and ground truth poses. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Augmented reality

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