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Tissue mimicking materials for breast phantoms using waste oil hardeners

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Tissue mimicking materials for breast phantoms using waste o...

European Conference on Antennas and Propagation

作者： S. di Meo I. Iliopoulos M. Pasian M. Ettorre l. Pasotti M. Zhadobov G. Matrone Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia Pavia Italy Institut d’Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR) Université de Rennes Rennes France

Realistic breast phantoms are often required for supporting the development of microwave and mm-wave imaging systems for breast cancer detection. A number of phantoms have been proposed in the literature, but they are often realized using non-common or toxic materials, and characterized only for the microwave regime. Recently, mm-waves have been also proposed for screening purposes, especially for breast with a high fat content, to provide the resolution vital to detect early-stage cancer masses. Consequently, we proposed several recipes that can be used to create tissue-mimicking materials able to reflect the dielectric properties of different human breast tissues, from fat to neoplastic tissues. In this paper, we present new recipes specifically conceived to mimic up to 50 GHz the dielectric properties of very fat tissues, difficult to achieve otherwise. The involved materials are deionized water, sunflower oil, waste-oil hardener, and two different surfactants (lecithin and Polysorbate 80), all very cheap, easy-to-manage, not-toxic and common materials.

关键词： dielectrics Oils Phantoms Breast cancer Permittivity

Experimental Study on Fracture Toughness of Natural Fibres Reinforced Hybrid Composites

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Experimental Study on Fracture Toughness of Natural Fibres R...

International Conference on Advances in Manufacturing, Materials and Energy engineering, IConMMEE 2018

作者： Madhusudhana, H.K. Ruhi, K. Anand, R.l. Venkatesha, C.S. Depertment of Mechanical K L e Technological University Hubballi India Depertment of Mechanical University B.D.T College of Engineering Davangere India

The continuous use of materials with metal matrix like mild steel, aluminium and other non-renewable materials are depleting which are not cost effective. Hence Natural fibres are considered as new emerging eco friendly materials as they are renewable, cost effective, light weight, eco friendly and biodegradable. Composites by name is a combination of many materials made of different reinforcing agents and matrix, are considered more useful because they have better strength and stiffness values, light in weight and strength to weight, strength to stiffness ratios are much higher compared to steel or aluminium metals and with these composites it is more feasible to achieve various combinations of different properties which is found to be difficult to achieve with those of metals, ceramics or polymers. The project is carried out to fabricate natural fibre reinforced hybrid composites and is tested for various mechanical properties through fracture toughness testing and tensile testing, analysed using tools like dOE and RSM. The specimens are tested and analysed and is found that it has similar mechanical properties of any synthetic fibres and can replace them. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing ltd.

关键词： Hybrid composites

RETRACTEd ARTIClE: computer-Aided Reading Classes for Enhancement of Critical Thinking Skills Using AI Techniques

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Arabian Journal for Science and engineering 2021年第3期48卷 4121-4121页

作者： Zhang, lijuan Vignesh, C. Chandru daniel, J. Alfred School of Foreign Languages ShaanXi Xueqian Normal University Xi’an People’s Republic of China Department of Computer Science Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering SNS College of Technology Coimbatore India

Quantum repeaters: From quantum networks to the quantum internet

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Azuma, Koji Economou, Sophia E. Elkouss, david Hilaire, Paul Jiang, liang lo, Hoi-Kwong Tzitrin, Ilan NTT Basic Research Laboratories NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato Wakamiya Kanagawa Atsugi243-0198 Japan NTT Research Center for Theoretical Quantum Physics NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya Kanagawa Atsugi243-0198 Japan Department of Physics Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States QuTech Delft University of Technology Lorentzweg 1 Delft2628 CJ Netherlands Networked Quantum Devices Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Okinawa Japan Quandela SAS 10 Boulevard Thomas Gobert Palaiseau91120 France Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Quantum Bridge Technologies Inc. 100 College Street TorontoONM5G 1L5 Canada Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control Department of Physics Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto TorontoM5S 3G4 Canada Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Canada

A quantum internet is the holy grail of quantum information processing, enabling the deployment of a broad range of quantum technologies and protocols on a global scale. However, numerous challenges exist before the quantum internet can become a reality. Perhaps the most crucial of these is the realization of a quantum repeater, an essential component in the long-distance transmission of quantum information. As the analog of a classical repeater, extender, or booster, the quantum repeater works to overcome loss and noise in the quantum channels comprising a quantum network. Here, we review the conceptual frameworks and architectures for quantum repeaters, as well as the experimental progress towards their realization. We also discuss the various near-term proposals to overcome the limits to the communication rates set by point-to-point quantum communication. Finally, we overview how quantum repeaters fit within the broader challenge of designing and implementing a quantum internet. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum optics

Metrics Reloaded: Recommendations for image analysis validation

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Maier-Hein, lena Reinke, Annika Godau, Patrick Tizabi, Minu d. Buettner, Florian Christodoulou, Evangelia Glocker, Ben Isensee, Fabian Kleesiek, Jens Kozubek, Michal Reyes, Mauricio Riegler, Michael A. Wiesenfarth, Manuel Emre Kavur, A. Sudre, Carole H. Baumgartner, Michael Eisenmann, Matthias Heckmann-Nötzel, doreen Rädsch, Tim Acion, laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew B. Jorge Cardoso, M. Cheplygina, Veronika Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, luciana Galdran, Adrian Ginneken, Bram Van Haase, Robert Hashimoto, daniel A. Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kenngott, Hannes Kofler, Florian Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin landman, Bennett A. litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne l. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Petersen, Jens Rajpoot, Nasir Rieke, Nicola Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Shetty, Shravya Smeden, Maarten Van Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. Calster, Ben Van Varoquaux, Gaël Jäger, Paul F. Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems and HI Helmholtz Imaging Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science and Medical Faculty Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg a partnership between DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany partner site Frankfurt/Mainz a partnership between DKFZ and UCT Frankfurt-Marburg Germany Heidelberg Goethe University Frankfurt Germany Department of Medicine Goethe University Frankfurt Germany Department of Informatics Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing and HI Applied Computer Vision Lab Germany Institute for AI in Medicine University Medicine Essen Essen Germany Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Radiation Oncology University Hospital Bern University of Bern Bern Switzerland Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering Oslo Norway UiT The Arctic University of Norway Romsø Norway Heidelberg Division of Biostatistics Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Division of Medical Image Computing HI Applied Computer Vision Lab Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Heidelberg Division of Medical Image Computing Germany Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montréal

Increasing evidence shows that flaws in machine learning (Ml) algorithm validation are an underestimated global problem. Particularly in automatic biomedical image analysis, chosen performance metrics often do not reflect the domain interest, thus failing to adequately measure scientific progress and hindering translation of Ml techniques into practice. To overcome this, we created Metrics Reloaded, a comprehensive framework guiding researchers in the problem-aware selection of metrics. It was developed by a large international consortium in a multi-stage delphi process and is based on the novel concept of a problem fingerprint – a structured representation of the given problem that captures all aspects that are relevant for metric selection, from the domain interest to the properties of the target structure(s), data set and algorithm output. Based on the problem fingerprint, users are guided through the process of choosing and applying appropriate validation metrics while being made aware of potential pitfalls. Metrics Reloaded targets image analysis problems that can be interpreted as a classification task at image, object or pixel level, namely image-level classification, object detection, semantic segmentation, and instance segmentation tasks. To improve the user experience, we implemented the framework in the Metrics Reloaded online tool. Following the convergence of Ml methodology across application domains, Metrics Reloaded fosters the convergence of validation methodology. Its applicability is demonstrated for various biomedical use cases. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

load sharing based on optimized QOS parameters for heterogeneous networks 4

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Load sharing based on optimized QOS parameters for heterogen...

4th IEEE International Conference on Recent Advances in Information Technology, RAIT 2018

作者： Padaganur, Satyanarayan K. Mallapur, Jayashree d. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering B.L.D.E.A's Dr. P.G.H CET Vijayapur586103 India Department of Electronics and Communication Basaveshwar Engineering College Bagalkot India

ISBN: (纸本)9781538630396

The present future generation network believe in resource sharing. The resource sharing provides optimized utilization of resources and reduces the cost factor but will have overhead of delay and jitters. In this paper, optimized Qos parameters are used for buffer allocation scheme, utilizes the network load to predict the bandwidth requirement and shortage of resources. Accordingly, it provisions multiple nodes in the network to temporarily store the data buffer coming from a node such that they can be queued systematically. Our proposed work is aimed at optimized load balancing buffer allocation, catering the requirement of future generation 4G/5G heterogeneous network. The results shows that significant improvement in the Qos as well as bottleneck of the network. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Heterogeneous networks

Evidence of mini-jet emission in a large emission zone from a magnetically-dominated gamma-ray burst jet

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Yi, S.-X. Wang, C.-W. Shao, X. Moradi, R. Gao, H. Zhang, B. Xiong, S.-l. Zhang, S.-N. Tan, W.-J. liu, J.-C. Xue, W.-C. Zhang, Y.-Q. Zheng, C. Wang, Y. Zhang, P. An, Z.-H. Cai, C. Feng, P.-Y. Gong, K. Guo, d.-Y. Huang, Y. li, B. li, X.-B. li, X.-Q. liu, X.-J. liu, Y.-Q. Ma, X. Peng, W.-X. Qiao, R. Song, l.-M. Wang, J. Wang, P. Wang, Y. Wen, X.-Y. Xiao, S. Xu, Y.-B. Yang, S. Yi, Q.-B. Zhang, d.-l. Zhang, F. Zhang, H.-M. Zhang, J.-P. Zhang, Z. Zhao, X.-Y. Zhao, Y. Zheng, S.-J. Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las Vegas NV89154 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas NV89154 United States ICRANet Piazza della Repubblica 10 PescaraI-65122 Italy ICRA Dipartamento di Fisica Sapienza Università di Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 RomeI-00185 Italy INAF Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo Via M. Maggini snc TeramoI-64100 Italy College of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China College of Physics Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application Hebei Normal University Hebei Shijiazhuang050024 China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal University Guiyang550001 China School of Physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan University Yuhu District Hunan411105 China School of Computer and Information Dezhou University Dezhou253023 China

The second brightest GRB in history, GRB230307A, provides an ideal laboratory to study the mechanism of GRB prompt emission thanks to its extraordinarily high photon statistics and its single episode activity. Here we demonstrate that the rapidly variable components of its prompt emission compose an overall broad single pulse-like profile. Although these individual rapid components are aligned in time across all energy bands, this overall profile conspires to show a well-defined energy-dependent behavior which is typically seen in single GRB pulses. Such a feature demonstrates that the prompt emission of this burst is from many individual emitting units that are casually linked in a emission site at a large distance from the central engine. Such a scenario is in natural consistency with the internal-collision-induced magnetic reconnection and turbulence framework, which invokes many mini-jets due to local magnetic reconnection that constantly appear and disappear in a global magnetically-dominated jet. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Gamma rays

JWST reveals a rapid and strong day side variability of 55 Cancri e

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Patel, Jayshil A. Brandeker, A. Kitzmann, d. Petit dit de la Roche, d.J.M. Bello-Arufe, A. Heng, K. Meier Valdés, E. Persson, C.M. Zhang, M. demory, B.-O. Bourrier, V. deline, A. Ehrenreich, d. Fridlund, M. Hu, R. lendl, M. Oza, A.V. Alibert, Y. Hooton, M.J. Department of Astronomy Stockholm University AlbaNova University Center Stockholm10691 Sweden Weltraumforschung und Planetologie Physikalisches Institut Universität Bern Gesellschaftsstrasse 6 Bern3012 Switzerland Center for Space and Habitability Universität Bern Gesellschaftsstrasse 6 Bern3012 Switzerland Observatoire astronomique de l’Université de Genève Chemin Pegasi 51 Versoix1290 Switzerland Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91011 United States Faculty of Physics Ludwig Maximilian University Scheinerstrasse 1 Munich BavariaD-81679 Germany ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research University of Bern Murtenstrasse 50 BernCH-3008 Switzerland University College London Department of Physics & Astronomy Gower St LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom University of Warwick Department of Physics Astronomy & Astrophysics Group CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom Department of Space Earth and Environment Chalmers University of Technology Onsala Space Observatory Onsala439 92 Sweden Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Centre Vie dans l’Univers Faculté des sciences de l’Université de Genève Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30 Geneva1205 Switzerland Leiden Observatory University of Leiden PO Box 9513 Leiden2300 RA Netherlands Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Cavendish Laboratory JJ Thomson Avenue CambridgeCB3 0HE United Kingdom

Context. The nature of the close-in rocky planet 55 Cnc e is puzzling despite having been observed extensively. Its optical and infrared occultation depths show temporal variability, in addition to a phase curve variability observed in the optical. Aims. We wish to explore the possibility that the variability originates from the planet being in a 3:2 spin-orbit resonance, thus showing different sides during occultations. We proposed and were awarded Cycle 1 time at the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to test this hypothesis. Methods. JWST/NIRCam observed five occultations (secondary eclipses), of which four were observed within a week, of the planet simultaneously at 2.1 and 4.5 µm. While the former gives band-integrated photometry, the latter provides a spectrum between 3.9–5.0 µm. Results. We find that the occultation depths in both bandpasses are highly variable and change between a non-detection (−5 ± 6 ppm and 7±9 ppm) to 96±8 ppm and 119+−3419 ppm at 2.1 µm and 4.5 µm, respectively. Interestingly, the variations in both bandpasses are not correlated and do not support the 3:2 spin-orbit resonance explanation. The measured brightness temperature at 4.5 µm varies between 873–2256 K and is lower than the expected dayside temperature of bare rock with no heat re-distribution (2500 K) which is indicative of an atmosphere. Our atmospheric retrieval analysis of occultation depth spectra at 4.5 µm finds that different visits statistically favour various atmospheric scenarios including a thin outgassed CO/CO2 atmosphere and a silicate rock vapour atmosphere. Some visits even support a flat line model. Conclusions. The observed variability could be explained by stochastic outgassing of CO/CO2, which is also hinted by retrievals. Alternatively, the variability, observed at both 2.1 and 4.5 µm, could be the result of a circumstellar patchy dust torus generated by volcanism on the planet. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Satellites

lattice-plasmon-induced asymmetric transmission in two-dimensional chiral arrays

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chaitanya, N. Apurv Butt, M.A. Reshef, O. Boyd, Robert W. Banzer, P. de leon, Israel Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and Sciences Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 MonterreyN.L.64849 Mexico Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light Staudtstrasse 2 ErlangenD-91058 Germany Institute of Optics Information and Photonics University Erlangen-Nuremberg Staudtstrasse 7/B2 ErlangenD-91058 Germany School in Advanced Optical Technologies University Erlangen-Nuremberg Paul-Gordan-Strasse 6 ErlangenD-91052 Germany Max Planck University of Ottawa Centre for Extreme and Quantum Photonics University of Ottawa OttawaONK1N6N5 Canada Department of Physics University of Ottawa OttawaONK1N 6N5 Canada Institute of Optics University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Institute of Physics University of Graz NAWI Graz Universitätsplatz 5 Graz8010 Austria School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa OttawaONK1N6N5 Canada

Asymmetric transmission – direction-selective control of electromagnetic transmission between two ports – is an important phenomenon typically exhibited by two-dimensional chiral systems. Here, we study this phenomenon in chiral plasmonic metasurfaces supporting lattice plasmons modes. We show, both numerically and experimentally, that asymmetric transmission can be achieved through an unbalanced excitation of such lattice modes by circularly polarized light of opposite handedness. The excitation efficiencies of the lattice modes, and hence the strength of the asymmetric transmission, can be controlled by engineering the in-plane scattering of the individual plasmonic nanoparticles such that the maximum scattering imbalance occurs along one of the in-plane diffraction orders of the metasurface. Our study also shows that, contrary to the case of a non-diffractive metasurface, the lattice-plasmon-enabled asymmetric transmission can occur at normal incidence for cases where the metasurface is composed of chiral or achiral nanoparticles possessing 4-fold rotational symmetry. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Nanoparticles