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Distributions of Visual Receptive Fields from Retinotopic to Craniotopic Coordinates in the Lateral Intraparietal Area and Frontal Eye Fields of the Macaque

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第2期40卷 171-181页

作者： Lin Yang Min Jin Cong Zhang Ning Qian Mingsha Zhang Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Division of PsychologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Department of Neuroscience and Zuckerman Institute Columbia UniversityNew York 10027USA

Even though retinal images of objects change their locations following each eye movement,we perceive a stable and continuous *** possible mechanism by which the brain achieves such visual stability is to construct a craniotopic coordinate by integrating retinal and extraretinal *** have been several proposals on how this may be done,including eye-position modulation(gain fields)of retinotopic receptive fields(RFs)and craniotopic *** the present study,we investigated coordinate systems used by RFs in the lateral intraparietal(LIP)cortex and frontal eye fields(FEF)and compared the two *** mapped the two-dimensional RFs of neurons in detail under two eye fixations and analyzed how the RF of a given neuron changes with eye position to determine its coordinate *** same recording and analysis procedures were applied to the two brain *** found that,in both areas,RFs were distributed from retinotopic to craniotopic *** was no significant difference between the distributions in the LIP and *** a small fraction of neurons was fully craniotopic,whereas most neurons were between the retinotopic and craniotopic *** distributions were strongly biased toward the retinotopic side but with significant craniotopic *** results suggest that there is only weak evidence for craniotopic RFs in the LIP and FEF,and that transformation from retinotopic to craniotopic coordinates in these areas must rely on other factors such as gain fields.

关键词： Reference frames Eye-centered Headcentered Visual stability

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Quantitative evaluation framework and application for regional water sustainability under local energy transition

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第6期14卷 976-987页

作者： Lan-Tian ZHANG Ying-Ying LIU Sha CHEN Han-Bing LI Su-Mei LI Ke-Jun JIANG Ji GAO College of Environmental Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution ControlBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Energy Research Institute Chinese Academy of Macroeconomic ResearchBeijing 100038China Environmental Defense Fund Beijing 100007China

Quantitatively analysing the impacts on regional water sustainability under the energy transition is vital to regional water management and specific technology selection,which is also relevant to dealing with climate *** study proposed a new multi-indicator evaluation framework for regional water sustainability under local energy transition to quantitatively evaluate the water withdrawal and water environment during the energy transition from a lifecycle *** integrated regional energy-water evaluation model was also developed based on the Low Emissions analysis Platform with a combination of lifecycle assessment and water footprint *** province in China was then taken as a case study,and the impacts of its energy transition on regional water environmental sustainability,including quantity and quality,were investigated under five *** showed that the large-scale application of carbon capture,utilisation and storage technology and bio-energy equipped with carbon capture and storage technology could have additional advantages regarding CO_(2) ***,such technologies exhibit a minimal effect on improving water environmental quality and reducing water demand for the first time due to the leakage of absorbents,CO_(2) and other risky substances during capture,transportation and storage from a lifecycle *** finding drives the innovation of related breakthrough technologies with the promotion of water and end-treatment technologies in the future.

关键词： Water sustainability Energy-water nexus Transition path Spatial and temporal analyses

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Soy polysaccharide maintains colonic homeostasis to protect from dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis by modulating gut microbiota and intestinal epithelial regeneration

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Food science and Human Wellness 2024年第6期13卷 3284-3300页

作者： Nana Zhang Jianlin Liu Weiyue Zhang Xinxin Guo Shuying Li Hongtai Zhang Minjie Wang Bei Fan Fengzhong Wang Institute of Food Science and Technology Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Agro-Products ProcessingMinistry of AgricultureBeijing 100095China School of Basic Medical Sciences Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot 010107China

Soy polysaccharide(SP)has been reported to possess the properties of modulating gut microbiome ***,we aimed to explore the protective effects of SP against dextran sulphate sodium(DSS)-induced ***-treatment with SP at a dosage of 400 mg/kg·day alleviated colitis symptoms,preventing the weight loss and colon *** suppressed DSS-induced inflammatory response and enhanced M1 to M2 macrophage *** investigation showed that SP significantly promoted the regeneration of crypt and the expansion of goblet cell *** addition,bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that SP modulated the composition of fecal microbiota,including selectively increasing Lactobacillus relative ***,SP treatment enriched the production of Lactobacillus-derived lactic acid,which was sensed by its specific G-protein-coupled receptor 81(Gpr81)/Wnt3/β-catenin signaling,and promoted the regeneration of intestinal stem *** microbiome transplantation demonstrated that intestinal flora partially contributed to the beneficial effects of SP on preventing against *** conclusion,SP exhibited the protective effects against colitis,which could be partly associated with modulating the composition of gut microbiota and enrichment of lactic *** study suggests that SP has potential to be developed as nutritional intervention to prevent colitis.

关键词： Soy polysaccharide Colitis Gut microbiota Lactic acid Proliferation Intestinal stem cells

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Fault Diagnosis of the LAMOST Fiber Positioner Based on a Long Short-term Memory(LSTM)Deep Neural Network

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第12期23卷 81-95页

作者： Yihu Tang Yingfu Wang Shipeng Duan Jiadong Liang Zeyu Cai Zhigang Liu Hongzhuan Hu Jianping Wang Jiaru Chu Xiangqun Cui Yong Zhang Haotong Zhang Zengxiang Zhou Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National Astronomical Observatories/Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210042China CAS Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&TechnologyNanjing 210042China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope(LAMOST)has been in normal operation for more than 10 yr,and routine maintenance is performed on the fiber positioner every *** positioning accuracy of the fiber positioner directly affects the observation performance of LAMOST,and incorrect fiber positioner positioning accuracy will not only increase the interference probability of adjacent fiber positioners but also reduces the observation efficiency of *** present,during the manual maintenance process of the positioner,the fault cause of the positioner is determined and analyzed when the positioning accuracy does not meet the preset *** causes maintenance to take a long time,and the efficiency is *** quickly locate the fault cause of the positioner,the repeated positioning accuracy and open-loop calibration curve data of each positioner are obtained in this paper through the photographic measurement *** on a systematic analysis of the operational characteristics of the faulty positioner,the fault causes are *** training a deep learning model based on long short-term memory,the positioner fault causes can be quickly located to effectively improve the efficiency of positioner fault cause *** relevant data can also provide valuable information for annual routine maintenance methods and positioner designs in the *** method of using a deep learning model to analyze positioner operation failures introduced in this paper is also of general significance for the maintenance and design optimization of fiber positioners using a similar double-turn gear transmission system.

关键词： telescopes-techniques image processing-methods analytical-techniques spectroscopic

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Hints from Hertz: Dynamic Frequency Scaling Side-Channel analysis of Number Theoretic Transform in Lattice-Based KEMs

IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Sys...

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IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems 2024年第3期2024卷 200-223页

作者： Yu, Tianrun Cheng, Chi Yang, Zilong Wang, Yingchen Pan, Yanbin Weng, Jian Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing School of Computer Science China University of Geosciences Wuhan China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian University Xian China The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Information Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou China

Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) has been widely used in accelerating computations in lattice-based cryptography. However, attackers can potentially launch power analysis targeting the NTT because it is one of the most time-consuming parts of the implementation. This extended time frame provides a natural window of opportunity for attackers. In this paper, we investigate the first CPU frequency leakage (Hertzbleed-like) attacks against NTT in lattice-based KEMs. Our key observation is that different inputs to NTT incur different Hamming weights in its output and intermediate layers. By measuring the CPU frequency during the execution of NTT, we propose a simple yet effective attack idea to find the input to NTT that triggers NTT processing data with significantly low Hamming weight. We further apply our attack idea to real-world applications that are built upon NTT: CPA-secure Kyber without Compression and Decompression functions, and CCA-secure NTTRU. This leads us to extract information or frequency hints about the secret key. Integrating these hints into the LWE-estimator framework, we estimate a minimum of 35% security loss caused by the leakage. The frequency and timing measurements on the Reference and AVX2 implementations of NTT in both Kyber and NTTRU align well with our theoretical analysis, confirming the existence of frequency side-channel leakage in NTT. It is important to emphasize that our observation is not limited to a specific implementation but rather the algorithm on which NTT is based. Therefore, our results call for more attention to the analysis of power leakage against NTT in lattice-based cryptography. © 2024, Ruhr-University of Bochum. All rights reserved.

关键词： Side channel attack

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Molecular response and developmental speculations in metamorphosis of the veined rapa whelk,Rapana venosa

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第3期18卷 506-517页

作者： Pu SHI Hao SONG Jie FENG Meijie YANG Zhenglin YU Zhi HU Cong ZHOU Haizhou LI Tao ZHANG CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology QingdaoChina FuHan Ocean Technology Co. LtdHaiyangChina

Metamorphosis is the short developmental stage characterized by dramatic ontogenetic changes that occurs in most ***,this important process remains largely unclear in marine *** this study,we performed the sequential RNA sequencing of a representative mollusk,the rapa whelk(Rapana venosa),that is undergoing metamorphosis and conducted differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)to investigate the overall and dynamic transcriptome *** results revealed that the expression of cytochrome P4502A and 3A were upregulated during metamorphosis,while the expression of H/ACA ribonucleoproteins increased 4 h after metamorphosis induction(M4 stage),indicating that *** mainly responded to the pelagobenthic *** the M24 stage,the enrichment of V-type proton ATPase and insulin indicated the complete development of secretory organs and initiation of hormone ***,at the M48 stage,the enrichment of zinc metalloproteinase and conotoxin indicated a well-developed predation system that requires exogenous ***,during the PL stage,the genes associated with growth control were highly enriched,implying that *** had completed metamorphosis and has entered the period of rapid ***,our study provides useful transcriptomic resources for *** and contributes new insights that may assist in elucidating the mechanisms underlying metamorphosis in marine invertebrates.

关键词： metamorphosis mollusk rapa whelk transcriptomics

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Potential of Dragon’s Blood as a Space Radiation Protectant Especially on Brain-Liver Bystander Effect

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Space(science & technology) 2022年第1期2022卷 132-150页

作者： Bo Li Tianmei Li Chu Han Yuanyuan Liu Xia Zhong Yanlu Cao Yulin Deng Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

During space manned missions,radiation is a serious health *** can not only directly cause damage to target organs but also trigger side effects to affect nontarget ***’s Blood(DB)is a traditional Chinese Dai medicine that has been proven to exhibit radioprotective effects in our lab *** can alleviate brain damage,hematopoietic dysfunction,and gastrointestinal damage caused by radiation in rats,but its mechanism of action is not clear *** order to study the effect of brain irradiation on the damage to the liver and the protective effects of Dragon’s Blood,herein,liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer was used to analyze the total differential protein expression in the rat liver after 30 Gy Co^(60)γ-ray whole-brain irradiation with/without administration of Dragon’s Blood for 10 days before irradiation.A total of 4557 proteins were identified in the rat liver.A total of 299 coexpressed differential proteins were screened in the RAD/CON group indicating that brain radiation significantly affected the liver’s metabolic system(such as drug and arachidonic acid metabolism),chemical carcinogenesis,and peroxisome process.A total of 85 differential proteins were screened in the DB/RAD *** indicated that Dragon’s Blood significantly regulated the expression of 26 proteins to normal levels(Msrb2,Txnrd2,Samm50,Pir,Pex11a,etc.)mainly through regulating the metabolism and redox homeostasis *** results of molecular docking and network pharmacology found that the main effective radiation protection components in Dragon’s Blood are natural chalcones,flavan,and phenolic derivatives.

关键词： process. herein Blood

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Distribution,abundance,and realized niches of meroplankton by two different mesh size nets during spring 2017 in the Southern Yellow Sea,China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第5期42卷 1540-1556页

作者： Shuangyan ZHANG Fang ZHANG Xiaoxia SUN Dongjie GUO Jianfeng WANG Song SUN CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Qingdao Marine Science and Technology CenterQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China CAS Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

Meroplankton play a crucial role in both benthic and pelagic *** quantitative research on estimating the quantities of meroplankton groups is both underrepresented and *** investigate and evaluate the influence of varying mesh sizes(505 and 160μm)on the sampling efficiency of meroplankton,we conducted an examination using two commonly used plankton nets during the spring season in the Southern Yellow Sea(SYS).Our study revealed a total of 12 meroplankton groups,with 9 groups identified in the 505-μm mesh nets and 11 groups in the 160-μm mesh *** results demonstrated the superior collection efficiency of the 160-μm net compared to the 505-μm net across the majority of meroplankton ***,we focused on exploring the abundance,distribution patterns,and realized niches of meroplankton collected by the two mesh size nets,and observed that the distribution of meroplankton closely resembled the distribution of possible benthic adults in the *** analysis of the six dominant groups collected in the 160-μm mesh nets revealed that seawater temperature and salinity emerged as the key environmental factors driving variations in meroplankton abundance within the *** study also found that a smaller mesh size net does not necessarily capture meroplankton more comprehensively.A comprehensive understanding of the ecological characteristics of meroplankton requires the combination of two types of nets for *** research significantly advances our understanding of the quantification,abundance,and distribution of meroplankton,serving as a valuable contribution to the broader landscape of detailed quantitative meroplankton studies.

关键词： meroplankton plankton net mesh size collection efficiency distribution characteristic realized niches

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Resonance analysis of^(159)Tb(n,γ)reaction based on the CSNS Back-n experiment

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第3期36卷 85-94页

作者： De-Xin Wang Su-Ya-La-Tu Zhang Wei Jiang Jie Ren Mei-Rong Huang Jing-Yu Tang Xi-Chao Ruan Hong-Wei Wang Long-Xiang Liu Xue Li Dan-Dan Niu Guo Li Gu-Fu Meng Yong-Shun Huang Zhi-Long Wang Yu Bai Xue Yang College of Physics and Electronics and Institute of Nuclear PhysicsInner Mongolia Minzu UniversityTongliao 028043China Inner Mongolia Joint Key Laboratory of Nuclear and Radiation Detection Tongliao 028043China Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of High Energy PhysicsBeijing 10049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteShanghai 201210China Center for Theoretical Physics China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China

The neutron capture resonance parameters for 159Tb are crucial for validating nuclear models,nucleosynthesis during the neutron capture process,and nuclear technology *** this study,resonance analyses were performed for the neutron capture cross sections of 159Tb measured at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS)backscattering white neutron beamline(Back-n)*** resonance parameters were extracted from the R-Matrix code SAMMY and fitted to the experimental capture yield up to the 1.2 keV resolved resonance region(RRR).The average resonance parameters were determined by performing statistical analysis on the set of the resonance parameters in the *** results were used to fit the measured average capture cross sections using the FITACS code in the unresolved resonance region from 2 keV to 1 *** contributions of partial waves l=0,1,2 to the average capture cross sections are reported.

关键词： Statistical analysis Resonance parameters ^(159)Tb(n,γ)cross section γ

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A versatile framework for analyzing galaxy image data by incorporating Human-in-the-loop in a large vision model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 176-187页

作者： Ming-Xiang Fu Yu Song Jia-Meng Lv Liang Cao Peng Jia Nan Li Xiang-Ru Li Ji-Feng Liu A-Li Luo Bo Qiu Shi-Yin Shen Liang-Ping Tu Li-Li Wang Shou-Lin Wei Hai-Feng Yang Zhen-Ping Yi Zhi-Qiang Zou National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Key lab of Space Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesBeijing 100101China School of Computer Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences NanjingNanjing 211135China University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of Computer and Information Dezhou UniversityDezhou 253023China Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China School of Computer Science and Technology Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 30024China School of Mechanical Electrical and Information EngineeringShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications Nanjing 210023China School of Science University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051China

The exponential growth of astronomical datasets provides an unprecedented opportunity for humans to gain insight into the ***,effectively analyzing this vast amount of data poses a significant *** response,astronomers are turning to deep learning techniques,but these methods are limited by their specific training sets,leading to considerable duplicate *** overcome this issue,we built a framework for the general analysis of galaxy images based on a large vision model(LVM)plus downstream tasks(DST),including galaxy morphological classification,image restoration object detection,parameter extraction,and *** the low signal-to-noise ratios of galaxy images and the imbalanced distribution of galaxy categories,we designed our LVM to incorporate a Human-in-the-loop(HITL)module,which leverages human knowledge to enhance the reliability and interpretability of processing galaxy images *** proposed framework exhibits notable fewshot learning capabilities and versatile adaptability for all the abovementioned tasks on galaxy images in the DESI Legacy Imaging *** particular,for the object detection task,which was trained using 1000 data points,our DST in the LVM achieved an accuracy of 96.7%,while ResNet50 plus Mask R-CNN reached an accuracy of 93.1%.For morphological classification,to obtain an area under the curve(AUC)of~0.9,LVM plus DST and HITL only requested 1/50 of the training sets that ResNet18 *** addition,multimodal data can be integrated,which creates possibilities for conducting joint analyses with datasets spanning diverse domains in the era of multi-messenger astronomy.

关键词： artificial intelligence large vision model human-in-the-loop astronomy galaxies

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