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20th Principle and Practice of Data and Knowledge Acquisition Workshop, PKAW 2024, held in conjunction with the 21st Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2024

作者： Wu, Huiwen Zhang, Shuo Research Center for Data Hub and Security Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou310000 China LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819600250

Federated learning (FL) is a new approach that allows clients from different locations to work together on a global model without sharing raw data. However, training one standard model is not optimal for local optimization due to heterogeneity. Thus, personalized federated learning (PFL) paradigms aim to combine local and global information while preserving diversity among local clients. However, these methods require more theoretical motivation. This paper formalizes the unfired analysis form by defining a linear mapping on the server’s aggregation step for a deeper understanding of the implementation design and to improve existing methods further. Moreover, we show that the existing FL and PFL methods are specific cases in our framework with selected mapping matrices, including FedAvg, FedMTL, FedProx, MAML, and pure local training. Based on that, we propose a novel data-driven graph Laplacian-induced PFL scheme named GLIP-FL to address statistical heterogeneity issues and improve computation efficiency. We implement evaluation experiments of the proposed method on four popular data sets with five FL baselines in three data partitions, both homogeneous and heterogeneous, and the comprehensive experiments show the great potential of our method. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Federated learning

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A tumor-immune model of chronic myeloid leukemia with optimal immunotherapeutic protocols

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Haifeng Zhuge, Changjing Lei, Jinzhi School of Mathematical Sciences Jiangsu University Zhenjiang212013 China Beijing Institute for Scientific and Engineering Computing Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China School of Mathematical Sciences Center for Applied Mathematics Tiangong University Tianjin300387 China

The interactions between tumor cells and the immune system play a crucial role in cancer evolution. In this study, we explore how these interactions influence cancer progression by modeling the relationships among naive T cells, effector T cells, and chronic myeloid leukemia cells. We examine the existence of equilibria, the asymptotic stability of the positive steady state, and the global stability of the tumor-free equilibrium. Additionally, we develop a partial differential equation to describe the conditions under which the concentration of cancer cells reaches a level that allows for effective control of cancer evolution. Finally, we apply our proposed model to investigate optimal treatment strategies that aim to minimize both the concentration of cancer cells at the end of treatment and the accumulation of tumor burden, as well as the cost associated with treatment during the intervention period. Our study reveals an optimal therapeutic protocol using optimal control theory. We perform numerical simulations to illustrate our theoretical results and to explore the dynamic behavior of the system and optimal therapeutic protocols. The simulations indicate that the optimal treatment strategy can be more effective than a constant treatment approach, even when applying the same treatment interval and total drug input. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： T-cells

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An investigation of the long-term deposition of graphite dust particles on turbine blades by mesh-deformation method

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Progress in Nuclear Energy 2025年 186卷

作者： Wang, Xiaozhong Sun, Qi Liu, Bo Xie, Feng Zhu, Yinhai Jiang, Peixue Peng, Wei Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Cooperation Innovation Center Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Scientific Computing Department Science and Technology Facilities Council Daresbury Laboratory WarringtonWA4 4AD United Kingdom Department of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University 100084 China

The persistent accumulation of radioactive graphite particulates on turbine surfaces presents a critical operational challenge for high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) systems. This investigation employs high-fidelity numerical simulations integrating discrete phase modeling with mesh deformation methods to systematically examine particulate deposition dynamics and their subsequent impact on turbine cooling effectiveness. A comprehensive deposition framework accounting for multiphase particle-wall interactions (elastic rebound, adhesion, multilayer stacking, and shear-induced resuspension) was established, complemented by the development of predictive model for accumulated deposition mass. Computational results reveal a non-monotonic relationship between particle size and deposition: sub-5μm particulates exhibit extensive deposition patterns primarily driven by adhesion forces, while larger particles are more likely to undergo resuspension due to drag forces. Elevated blowing ratios (M = 2.0) were found to reduce deposition rates by 7–22 %. Lower deposition height enhances the effectiveness of film cooling, while higher deposition height suppresses it. However, overall, the influence of deposition on cooling is limited. The developed predictive model for maximum accumulated deposition mass exhibits good predictive performance (R2 = 0.99), and elucidates the influence of key parameters of particles and film cooling. This study reveals the long-term deposition behavior of particles on turbine blades and provides valuable insights for the safety analysis of HTGRs. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Mesh generation

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APPLICATIONS OF HIGHER-ORDER SELF-ADJOINT SCHEMES TO PARTIAL-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

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COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS 1993年第3期26卷 15-26页

作者： ZHU, WJ QIN, MZ State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Computing Center Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 China

In this paper, we apply the higher order self-adjoint schemes constructed in [1] to wave equation and heat equation to show these methods can also be used to solve partial differential equations to get higher order ac...

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VOLUME-PRESERVING SCHEMES AND NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS

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COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS 1993年第4期26卷 33-42页

作者： QIN, MZ ZHU, WJ State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Computing Center Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 China

In this paper, we discuss the conditions for Euler midpoint rule to be volume-preserving and present explicit volume preserving schemes. Some numerical experiments are done to test these schemes.

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Lattice QCD determination of unpolarized TMDPDFs of the nucleon 10

Lattice QCD determination of unpolarized TMDPDFs of the nucl...

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10th International Conference on Quarks and Nuclear Physics, QNP 2024

作者： Zhang, Qi-An He, Jin-Chen Chu, Min-Huan Hua, Jun Ji, Xiangdong Schäfer, Andreas Su, Yushan Wang, Wei Yang, Yi-Bo Zhang, Jian-Hui School of Physics Beihang University Beijing102206 China Yang Yuanqing Scientific Computering Center Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Department of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science Institute of Quantum Matter South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter Southern Nuclear Science Computing Center South China Normal University Guangzhou510006 China Institut für Theoretische Physik Universität Regensburg RegensburgD-93040 Germany Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Province Huizhou516000 China CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hangzhou310024 China International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific Beijing China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of HongKong Shenzhen518172 China Center of Advanced Quantum Studies Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China

We present a first calculation of the unpolarized nucleon’s isovector transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs) from lattice QCD, which are essential to predict observables of multi-scale, semi-inclusive processes in the standard model. We use a Nf = 2 + 1 + 1 MILC ensemble with valence clover fermions on a highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) sea to compute the quark momentum distributions in a large-momentum nucleon on the lattice. The state-of-the-art techniques in renormalization and extrapolation in the correlation distance on the lattice are adopted. The perturbative kernel up to next-to-next-to-leading order is taken into account, and the dependence on the pion mass and the hadron momentum is explored. Our results are qualitatively comparable with phenomenological TMDPDFs, which provide an opportunity to predict high energy scatterings from first principles. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

关键词： Crystal lattices

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VOLUME-PRESERVING SCHEMES AND APPLICATIONS

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CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS 1993年第6期3卷 637-649页

作者： QIN, MZ ZHU, WJ State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Center Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 PR China

In this paper, we discuss the conditions for the Euler midpoint rule to be volume-preserving and present Euler type explicit volume-preserving schemes. Some numerical applications to the system defining rigid body mot... 详细信息

关键词： Systems analysis

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A MULTIGRID SOLVER FOR THE STEADY COMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS ON CURVILINEAR COORDINATE SYSTEMS

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS 1994年第1期113卷 26-34页

作者： ZHANG, LB State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Computing Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 Peoples' Republic of China

A multigrid solver for the steady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations on a curvilinear grid is constructed. The Cartesian velocity components are used in the discretization of the momentum equations. A staggered, geometrically symmetric distribution of velocity components is adopted which eliminates spurious pressure oscillations and facilitates the transformation between Cartesian and co-or contravariant velocity components. The SCGS (symmetrical collective Gauss-Seidel) relaxation scheme proposed by Vanka on a Cartesian grid is extended to this case to serve as the smoothing procedure of the multigrid solver, in both ''box'' and ''box-line'' versions. Due to the symmetric distribution of velocity components of this scheme, the convergence rate and numerical accuracy are not affected by grid orientation, in contrast to a scheme proposed in the literature in which difficulties arise when the grid lines turn 90-degrees from the Cartesian coordinates. Some preliminary numerical experiences with this scheme are presented. (C) 1994 Academic Press. Inc.

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EXPLICIT SYMPLECTIC SCHEMES TO SOLVE VORTEX SYSTEMS

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COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS 1993年第5期26卷 51-56页

作者： ZHANG, MQ QIN, MZ State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Computing Center Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 P.R.China

Here we propose a family of explicit symplectic schemes for vortex systems, which are corresponding to the symmetry of these systems.

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POISSON SCHEMES FOR HAMILTONIAN-SYSTEMS ON POISSON MANIFOLDS

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COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS 1994年第12期27卷 7-16页

作者： ZHU, WJ QIN, MZ State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Computing Center Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 People's Republic of China

In this paper, we construct Poisson difference schemes of any order accuracy based on Pade approximation for linear Hamiltonian systems on Poisson manifolds with constant coefficients. For nonlinear Hamiltonian systems on Poisson manifolds, we point out that symplectic diagonal implicit Runge-Kutta methods are also Poisson schemes. The preservation of distinguished functions and quadratic first integrals of the original Hamiltonian systems of these schemes are also discussed.

关键词： HAMILTONIAN SYSTEM POISSON MANIFOLD POISSON SCHEME PADE APPROXIMATION DIAGONAL IMPLICIT RUNGE-KUTTA METHOD

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