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Semantic segmentation of track image based on deep neural network

The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2020年第5期27卷 23-33页

作者： Wang Zhaoying Zhou Junhua Liao Zhonghua Zhai Xiang Zhang Lianping School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China Beijing Complex Product Advanced Manufacturing Kngineering Research Center Beijing Simulation CenterBeijing 100854China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing System Technology Beijing Institute of Electronic System EngineeringBeijing 100854China Alibaba Cloud Computing Beijing 100020China

In this paper,deep learning technology was utilited to solve the railway track recognition in intrusion detection *** railway track recognition can be viewed as semantic segmentation task which extends image processing to pixel level *** encoder-decoder architecture DeepLabv3+model was applied in this work due to its good performance in semantic segmentation *** images of the railway track collected from the video surveillance of the train cab were used as experiment dataset in this work,the following improvements were made to the *** first aspect deals with over-fitting problem due to the limited amount of training *** augmentation and transfer learning are applied consequently to rich the diversity of data and enhance model robustness during the training ***,different gradient descent methods are compared to obtain the optimal optimizer for training model *** third problem relates to data sample imbalance,cross entropy(CE)loss is replaced by focal loss(FL)to address the issue of serious imbalance between positive and negative *** of the improved DeepLabv3+model with above solutions is demonstrated by experiment results with different system parameters.

关键词： railway track recognition convolutional neural networks semantic segmentation DeepLabv3+

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Globally interconnected solar-wind system addresses future electricity demands

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Nature Communications 2025年第1期16卷 1-16页

作者： Jiang, Hou Yao, Ling Qin, Jun Bai, Yongqing Brandt, Martin Lian, Xu Davis, Steve J. Lu, Ning Zhao, Wenli Liu, Tang Zhou, Chenghu State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Faculty of Geography Yunnan Normal University Kunming China Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia University NY United States Department of Earth System Science School of Sustainability Stanford University CA United States

Accelerating energy transition towards renewables is central to net-zero emissions. However, building a global power system dominated by solar and wind energy presents immense challenges. Here, we demonstrate the potential of a globally interconnected solar-wind system to meet future electricity demands. We estimate that such a system could generate ~3.1 times the projected 2050 global electricity demand. By optimizing solar-wind deployment, storage capacity, and trans-regional transmission, the solar-wind penetration could be achieved using only 29.4% of the highest potential, with a 15.6% reduction in initial investment compared to a strategy without interconnection. Global interconnection improves energy efficiency, mitigates the variability of renewable energy, promotes energy availability, and eases the economic burden of decarbonization. Importantly, this interconnected system shows remarkable resilience to climate extremes, generation outages, transmission disruptions, and geopolitical conflicts. Our findings underscore the potential of global interconnection in enabling high renewable penetration and guiding sustainable energy transitions. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Research on information capability based high-performance information sharing in the simulation grid

Research on information capability based high-performance in...

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2010 International Conference on Computer Modeling and simulation, ICCMS 2010

作者： Zhang, Ying-Chao Zhang, Jing Chen, Xin Yu, Qin-Zhang Zhang, Hao Beijing Institute of System Engineering National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Complex Systems Simulation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769539416

For the purpose of achieving high-performance information sharing in the simulation grid, an information capability-based Three Phase High-performance Information Sharing Approach (TPHPISA for short) is advanced. The main idea of TPHPISA is selecting those information sources with highest information capability and executing the best query plan. To illustrate how TPHPISA works, an application example of implementing high-performance information sharing in the stock market simulation grid is thoroughly analyzed. At last, the searching efficiency and accuracy of TPHPISA are demonstrated through comparing with other similar method. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Information analysis

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Explicit solvent molecular dynamics simulations of chaperonin-assisted rhodanese folding

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Particuology 2009年第3期7卷 220-224页

作者： Ying Ren Jian Gao Ji XU Wei Ge Jinghai Li State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Chaperonins are known to facilitate the productive folding of numerous misfolded proteins. Despite their established importance, the mechanism of chaperonin-assisted protein folding remains unknown. In the present article, all-atom explicit solvent molecular dynamics （MD） simulations have been performed for the first time on rhodanese folding in a series of cavity-size and cavity-charge chaperonin mutants. A compromise between stability and flexibility of chaperonin structure during the substrate folding has been observed and the key factors affecting this dynamic process are discussed.

关键词： Molecular dynamics simulation Explicit solvent Chaperonin-assisted Protein folding Molecular chaperonin Rhodanese

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Flexible peak shaving in coal-fired power plants: A comprehensive review of current challenges, recent advances, and future perspectives

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Energy 2025年 327卷

作者： Wu, Chunlei Wang, Chao Hou, Zongyu Wang, Zhe State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control Tsinghua-Rio Tinto Joint Research Centre for Resources Energy and Sustainable Development International Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy Innovation Institute for Carbon Neutrality Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Shanxi Research Institute for Clean Energy Tsinghua University Shanxi 030032 China

Grid stability amidst the global energy transition and the pursuit of carbon neutrality is critically dependent on enhancing the flexible peak-shaving capability of Coal-Fired Power Plants (CFPPs). This review highlights recent advances in improving CFPP flexibility and identifies key challenges, including equipment limitations, inadequate control adaptability, and escalating environmental and economic pressures. These factors contribute to operational instability, reduced efficiency, and increased emissions during rapid and deep load fluctuations. Hybrid modeling approaches, achieving high prediction accuracy across full operational processes and broad load ranges with an average error of 0.79 %, support precise peak shaving optimization. Technologies such as low-load stable combustion, heat-power decoupling, and energy storage integration have facilitated minimum loads of approximately 15 %, while advanced intelligent control systems, in coordination with energy storage, significantly accelerate response times, enabling rapid responses within seconds to minutes. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in system coordination, equipment dynamics, and investment feasibility. Future efforts should focus on the development of digital twin frameworks, multi-scale optimization techniques, and integrated techno-economic strategies to propel CFPPs toward cleaner, smarter, and more resilient operations. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Virtual storage

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Effect of acidic surface functional groups on Cr(Ⅵ) removal by activated carbon from aqueous solution

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Rare Metals 2010年第3期29卷 333-338页

作者： ZHOU Hualei CHEN Yunfa School of Applied Sciences University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The activated carbon with high surface area was prepared by KOH *** was further modified by H2SO4 and HNO3 to introduce more surface functional *** pore structure of the activated carbons before and after modification was analyzed based on the nitrogen adsorption *** morphology of those activated carbons was characterized using scanning electronic microscopy （SEM）.The surface functional groups were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）.The quantity of those groups was measured by the Boehm titration ***（VI） removal by the activated carbons from aqueous solution was investigated at different pH *** results show that compared with H2SO4,HNO3 destructs the original pore of the activated carbon more seriously and induces more acidic surface functional groups on the activated *** pH value of the solution plays a key role in the Cr（VI） *** ability of reducing Cr（VI） to Cr（III） by the activated carbons is relative to the acidic surface functional *** higher pH values,the Cr（VI） removal ratio is improved by increasing the acidic surface functional groups of the activated *** lower pH values,however,the acidic surface functional groups almost have no effect on the Cr（VI） removal by the activated carbon from aqueous solution.

关键词： activated carbon surface functional groups removal modification chromium（VI）

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Research on multi-agent based C4ISR effectiveness simulation and evaluation

Research on multi-agent based C4ISR effectiveness simulation...

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2010 International Conference on Computer Modeling and simulation, ICCMS 2010

作者： Zhang, Ying-Chao Feng, Ye Yu, Qin-Zhang Xin, Chen Beijing Institute of System Engineering National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Complex Systems Simulation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769539416

The effectiveness evaluation of C4ISR is playing a more and more important role in its designing, developing and using. According to its characters, such as complexity and intelligence, the traditional evaluation methods and systems are not feasible and effective enough. In this paper, a multiagent based simulation and evaluation framework of C4ISR is advanced, which includes the architecture and the working procedure. The agent-based simulation model of C4ISR is put forward, according to which the C2 Agent, Armament Agent and the Evaluation Agent are founded. The interaction model between each agent is also designed. At final, based on the Swarm, a multi-agent based C4ISR effectiveness simulation and evaluation prototype is developed, through which NATO C2 effectiveness evaluation is thoroughly analyzed. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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Modeling and simulation of international politics evolution in crisis

Modeling and simulation of international politics evolution ...

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2010 International Conference on Computer Modeling and simulation, ICCMS 2010

作者： Yu, Qin-Zhang Zhang, Jing Zhang, Ying-Chao Beijing Institute of System Engineering National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Complex Systems Simulation Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769539416

Under the guidance of the theories of complex Adaptive system and Artificial Societies, modeling and simulation of international politics evolution in crisis was studied. The Model of International Politics Evolution (IPEM) in crisis based on Agent was built. The function and architecture of IPEM were introduced. Individual Agent , including Nation Agent, International Organization Agent and Environment Agent, was described in detail. A simulation experiment was executed to prove the effectiveness of the method proposed in the paper. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive systems

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A Spatial Baseline of China's Blue Carbon Stocks for Improved Monitoring, Management, and Protection

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Earth's Future 2025年第5期13卷

作者： Sun, Shaobo Song, Zhaoliang Guo, Laodong Duarte, Carlos M. Macreadie, Peter I. Zhang, Zhen Fang, Yunying Chen, Baozhang Wang, Zhengang Wang, Weiqi Wang, Yidong Fu, Dongjie Li, Yuan Wang, Yafei Wang, Hailong Liu, Cong-Qiang Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin China School of Freshwater Sciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee WI United States Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division Red Sea Research Center and Computational Bioscience Research Center King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Burwood VIC Australia State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System National Tibetan Plateau Data Center (TPDC) Environment and Resource (TPESER) Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of Maryland College Park MD United States Australian Rivers Institute School of Environment and Science Griffith University Brisbane QLD Australia State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University Fuzhou China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Tianjin Normal University Tianjin China CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai China Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Foshan University Foshan China

Blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs) exhibit remarkable capacities for organic carbon (C) storage, making them a promising nature-based climate solution. However, the lack of robust, spatially explicit estimates of C stocks in BCEs presents a major challenge to incorporating them into national and global C accounting and climate mitigation strategies. For the first time, we develop spatially explicit estimates of both soil and living biomass C stocks in BCEs across China by integrating open-access remote sensing, climate, and soil property data with 2,899 site measurements using a data-driven method. Our C stock estimates reveal that mean C stocks in BCEs significantly decrease with increasing latitude. We estimate the total C storage within China's BCEs at 121.1 ± 48.4 Tg C, with soil accounting for 90% of the total C storage. Tidal marshes and flats contribute a total of 64.7 ± 8.7 Tg C, while mangroves store a much smaller amount (4.4 ± 1.4 Tg C) due to their limited spatial extent. Seagrasses store a total of 52.0 ± 38.3 Tg C, which is significantly larger than previous estimates. These findings underscore the significant potential of BCEs protection and restoration for China's climate mitigation efforts. Our spatially explicit C stock estimates for China's BCEs provide essential data for national and global C accounting and can serve as baselines for quantifying the impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activities on BCEs C stocks. Additionally, this study offers a practical framework for comprehensively assessing C stocks in BCEs at the national scale. © 2025. The Author(s).

关键词： blue carbon coastal wetlands mangroves salt marshes seagrasses tidal flats

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Multi-field coupled color-changing devices and structures

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第6期62卷 1065-1066页

作者： BAO YinHua HAN Yu SONG WeiLi CHEN HaoSen FANG DaiNing State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

Multi-field coupling phenomenon plays a significant role in the design and fabrication of color-changing devices. By introducing external fields, such as strain/stress, electric, thermal, or chemical fields, these dev... 详细信息

关键词： Multi-field plays a significant optical tunability

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