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Optical dispersion of a metallic VO2 film in the near-IR range

Optics Letters 2025年第11期50卷 3580-3583页

作者： Zhouyuan Yan Ivan M Kislyakov Xun Cao Yafeng Xie Sen Jin Yan Wang Zixin Wang Anastasia V Venediktova Ningning Dong Jiajing He Jun Wang Aerospace Laser Technology and System Department Wangzhijiang Innovation Center for Laser Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China Vertilite Changzhou 213164 China Faculty of Physics St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg 198504 Russia jiajinghe@***

A vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) film on glass, when continuously heated to 350 K, exhibits self-focusing and saturable absorption behavior toward femtosecond radiation in the near-infrared range, indicative of an electronic response rather than a thermo-optical effect. Using the Adomian decomposition method (ADM), we developed four nonlinear optical models with different saturation intensity coefficients to analyze open-aperture Z-scan measurements. Our results show significant contributions from both bound and free electrons to the nonlinear susceptibility, with the bound-electron nonlinear refractive index ∼ n 2 (350 K) = 1.69 ± 0.19 cm 2 /TW and the free-carrier part ∼ r (350 K) = 1.2·10 −22 cm 3 . These findings are crucial for designing all-optical phase modulation devices and essential for advanced optical components such as switches, modulators, and sensors.

关键词： Dispersion Nonlinear absorption Nonlinear optical materials Optical components Phase modulation Refractive index

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Storylines reveal contrasting thermodynamic effects of climate change on 2020/21 East Asian cold extremes

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npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 2025年第1期8卷 1-10页

作者： Zhuo, Wenqin Sánchez-Benítez, Antonio Athanase, Marylou Jung, Thomas Yao, Yao Goessling, Helge F. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Resources in the Greater Mekong Subregion Yunnan University Kunming China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan University Kunming China Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz-Center for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven Germany Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering University of Bremen Bremen Germany State Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The changing character of mid-latitude cold air outbreaks in a warming climate remains unclear, primarily due to uncertainty associated with changing atmospheric dynamics. Here, we employ an event-based storyline approach in which the evolution of the large-scale atmospheric circulation is nudged to reanalysis data at different global warming levels based on historical and medium-to-high-emission scenario simulations. We thereby quantify the thermodynamic climate-change effects of pre-industrial, 2 °C and 4 °C warmer climates compared to present-day climate for three cold surges in East Asia during winter 2020/21. The strongest warming occurs over northeast Asia, reaching up to +12 °C in a + 4 °C warmer climate and caused by the advection of less cold air from winter ice-free regions in the Arctic, where surface air temperature increases by over +20 °C. In contrast, over southern China, a moderate cooling is found from pre-industrial to present-day climates, due to the observed increase in aerosol concentration, peaking by the mid-21^st century and altering radiative balances. This cooling effect is likely to persist well into a + 2 °C-warmer climate;however, it may become undetectable at the end of the 21^st century (+4 °C warming). Our findings underscore the important thermodynamic impact associated with Arctic amplification and cooling effect of aerosol-induced changes in the radiation budget under a high aerosol emission scenario on East Asian cold extremes. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Rare earth metal based DES assisted the VPO synthesis for n-butane selective oxidation toward maleic anhydride

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第6期8卷 1737-1752页

作者： Muhammad Faizan Yingwei Li Xingsheng Wang Piao Song Ruirui Zhang Ruixia Liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemInstitute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology Zhengzhou450000China

Deep eutectic solvents(DESs) are now considered a new class of ionic liquid analogs that have been generously used in various ***, vanadium phosphorus oxide(VPO) catalysts are synthesized in combination with a deep eutectic solvent containing rare earth metal(rE-DES), and their catalytic performance in n-butane selective oxidation to produce maleic anhydride(MA) is evaluated. The rE-DES is produced from the interaction of choline chloride(ChCl) and rare earth metal salts(Cerium, Europium, Lanthanum, and Samarium metal salt)(ChCl:rE = 1:0.5–1:3) under mild conditions. It was found that DESs served as structural modifiers and electronic promoters during VPO synthesis. It regulated the chemical state of the catalyst surface, such as the vanadium valence state, acid-base properties, and ratios of V^(4+)/V^(5+),Lat–O/Sur–O and P/V. Various characterization techniques, such as FT-IR, DSC, XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, Raman, TGA, NH3-TPD, and XPS,were used to examine its physical and chemical characteristics. These characteristics were correlated with the catalytic performance. The VPO catalyst modified by rE-DES showed a significant enhancement of n-butane conversion and MA selectivity while suppressing the selectivity of CO and CO_(2)as well as the CO/CO_(2)ratio compared to the unpromoted VPO catalyst. Especially for Ce-DES-VPO, it increased the n-butane conversion and MA mass yield up to approximately 11% and 10%, respectively. In addition, we evaluated the catalytic performance under different activation atmospheres.

关键词： earth anhydride vanadium

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Progress of the TianQin project

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Luo, Jun Bai, Shaojun Bai, Yan-Zheng Cai, Lin Dang, Hao Dong, Qijia Duan, Hui-Zong Du, Yuanbo Fan, Lei Fu, Xinju Gao, Yong Gou, Xingyu Gu, Defeng Guo, Changlei Hong, Wei Hu, Bin Hu, Heran Hu, Ming Hu, Yi-Ming Huang, Fa Peng Ji, Xin Jiang, Yuan-Ze Li, En-Kun Li, Hongyin Li, Ming Li, Ming Li, Yong Li, Zhu Li, Zizheng Lian, JunXiang Liang, Yu-Rong Lin, Xudong Liu, Jianping Liu, Lin-Xia Liu, Kui Liu, Li Liu, Minghe Liu, Qi Liu, Yan-Chong Liu, Yue Luo, Peng-Shun Luo, Yingxin Ma, Yi-Qiu Ma, Yun Meng, Yunhe Milyukov, Vadim Peng, Jian-Guo Postnov, Konstantin Qu, Shao-Bo Shan, Tilei Shao, Cheng-Gang Shi, Changfu Song, Pei-Yi Song, Yunfei Su, Wei Tan, Ding Yin Tan, Shuping Tan, Yu-Jie Tan, Wenhai Tu, Liangcheng Wang, Cheng-Rui Wang, Guoyong Wang, Lijiao Wang, Pan-Pan Wang, Shun Wang, Xiaoyong Wang, Xudong Wang, Yan Wei, Ran Wu, Shu-Chao Xu, Jie Xu, Zhi-Lin Xue, Chao Yan, Hao Yan, Yong Yang, Changpeng Yang, Shanqing Yeh, Hsien-Chi Yin, Hang Tong, Yelong Yu, Jian-Bo Yuan, Wen-Hao Zhang, Bu-Tian Zhang, Dexuan Zhang, Jian-Dong Zhang, Jie Zhang, Lihua Zhang, Xuefeng Zhao, Guoying Zhao, Liqian Zhao, Xin Zhou, An-Nan Zhou, Hao Zhou, Peng Zhou, Yupeng Zhou, Ze-Bing Zhu, Fan Zhu, Liang-Gui Zhu, Lin Zou, Kui Mei, Jianwei MOE Key Laboratory of TianQin Mission TianQin Research Center for Gravitational Physics School of Physics and Astronomy Frontiers Science Center for TianQin Gravitational Wave Research Center of CNSA Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai Campus Zhuhai519082 China National Gravitation Laboratory MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China DFH Satellite Co. Ltd. Beijing100094 China Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics & Electricity Beijing100076 China National Key Laboratory of Spacecraft Thermal Control of Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering Beijing100094 China Space Star Technology CO. LTD. Beijing100095 China Beijing Institute of Control Engineering Beijing100094 China School of Artificial Intelligence Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai Campus Zhuhai519082 China Shanxi Xi’an710199 China Sternberg Astronomical Institute M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow119234 Russia Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Beijing100871 China

TianQin is a future space-based gravitational wave observatory targeting the frequency window of 10−4 Hz ∼ 1 Hz. A large variety of gravitational wave sources are expected in this frequency band, including the merger of massive black hole binaries, the inspiral of extreme/intermediate mass ratio systems, stellar-mass black hole binaries, Galactic compact binaries, and so on. TianQin will consist of three Earth orbiting satellites on nearly identical orbits with orbital radii of about 105 km. The satellites will form a normal triangle constellation whose plane is nearly perpendicular to the ecliptic plane. The TianQin project has been progressing smoothly following the "0123" technology roadmap. In step "0", the TianQin laser ranging station has been constructed and it has successfully ranged to all the five retro-reflectors on the Moon. In step "1", the drag-free control technology has been tested and demonstrated using the TianQin-1 satellite. In step "2", the inter-satellite laser interferometry technology will be tested using the pair of TianQin-2 satellites. The TianQin-2 mission has been officially approved and the satellites will be launched around 2026. In step "3", i.e., the TianQin-3 mission, three identical satellites will be launched around 2035 to form the space-based gravitational wave detector, TianQin, and to start gravitational wave detection in space. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Laser interferometry

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Yield strength anomaly and microstructural evolution of solution-treated Ni-Fe-based superalloy deformed by high-temperature tension

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Materials Science and engineering: A 2025年 935卷

作者： Zhou, Z.Q. Ye, Y.J. Zhang, P. Yan, J.B. Liu, P. Li, L.M. Zhou, G.Y. Jiang, H. Cao, G.H. Yuan, Y. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel and School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai200444 China National Engineering Research Center of Integration and Maintenance of Clean and Low-carbon Thermal Power Generation System Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. 99 Yanxiang Road Xi'an710054 China National Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Flexible Coal Power Generation and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage China Huaneng Group Co. Ltd. 6 FuXingMenNei Str. Beijing100031 China

In this study, the as-cast Ni-Fe-based superalloy GH4650T (HT650T) subjected to only two steps solution heat treatment shows good mechanical property at high temperature, and the yield strength increases abnormally with the increase of temperature. Correspondingly, the reasons for yield strength anomaly are explored in terms of precipitation behavior of strengthening phases, dislocation movement and evolution trend of grain boundary species. The experimental results indicated that the solution-treated GH4650T alloy can still maintain good mechanical property at high temperature, which is attributed to M23C6 carbides with fine particle morphology distributed along grain boundaries. In addition, the yield strength anomaly observed in solution-treated GH4650T alloy during high-temperature tension is primarily attributed to continuous dynamic recrystallization. Dislocations interact each other through planar slips, forming string-like low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) network inside the grain, the LAGBs network evolves to form sub-grains, and further plastic deformation prompts LAGBs in the sub-grains to transform into high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs). The strong obstruction of HAGBs on dislocation movement eventually leads to the pile-ups of high-density dislocations at HAGBs, which eventually results in the increase of yield strength anomaly of GH4650T alloy. © 2025

关键词： Iron alloys

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User-level failure detection and auto-recovery of parallel programs in HPC systems

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2021年第6期15卷 31-42页

作者： Guozhen ZHANG Yi LIU Hailong YANG Jun XU Depei QIAN State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beijing 100191China Sino-German Joint Software Institute Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Science and Technology on Space System Simulation Laboratory Beijing Simulation Center Beijing 100854China

As the mean-time-between-failures(MTBF)continues to decline with the increasing number of components on large-scale high performance computing(HPC)systems,program failures might occur during the execution period with high *** successful execution of the HPC programs has become an issue that the unprivileged users should be *** the user perspective,if the program failure cannot be detected and handled in time,it would waste resources and delay the progress of program ***,the unprivileged users are unable to perform program state checking due to execution control by the job management system as well as the limited ***,automated tools for supporting user-level failure detection and autorecovery of parallel programs in HPC systems are *** paper proposes an innovative method for the unprivileged user to achieve failure detection of job execution and automatic resubmission of failed *** state checker in our method is encapsulated as an independent job to reduce interference with the user *** addition,we propose a dual-checker mechanism to improve the robustness of our *** implement the proposed method as a tool named automatic re-launcher(ARL)and evaluate it on the Tianhe-2 *** results show that ARL can detect the execution failures effectively on Tianhe-2 *** addition,the communication and performance overhead caused by ARL is *** good scalability of ARL makes it applicable for large-scale HPC systems.

关键词： high performance computing parallel program failure detection failure auto-recovery

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Lightweight GPU-Accelerated Parallel Processing of the SCHISM Model Using CUDA Fortran

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Journal of Marine Science and engineering 2025年第4期13卷 662-662页

作者： Zhang, Hongchun Cao, Qian Wu, Changmao Xu, Guangjun Liu, Yuli Feng, Xingru Jin, Meibing Dong, Changming State Key Laboratory of Climate System Prediction and Risk Management Nanjing210044 China International Geophysical Fluid Research Center Nanjing210044 China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang524088 China Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao266071 China Zhuhai519000 China

The SCHISM model is widely used for ocean numerical simulations, but its computational efficiency is constrained by the substantial resources it requires. To enhance its performance, this study develops GPU–SCHISM, a GPU-accelerated parallel version of SCHISM using the CUDA Fortran framework, and this study evaluates its acceleration performance on a single GPU-enabled node. The research results demonstrate that the GPU–SCHISM model achieves computational acceleration while maintaining high simulation accuracy. For small-scale classical experiments, a single GPU improves the efficiency of the Jacobi solver—identified as a performance hotspot—by 3.06 times and accelerates the overall model by 1.18 times. However, increasing the number of GPUs reduces the computational workload per GPU, which hinders further acceleration improvements. The GPU is particularly effective for performing higher-resolution calculations, leveraging its computational power. For large-scale experiments with 2,560,000 grid points, the GPU speedup ratio is 35.13;however, CPU has more advantages in small-scale calculations. Moreover, a comparison between CUDA and OpenACC-based GPU acceleration shows that CUDA outperforms OpenACC under all experimental conditions. This study marks the first successful GPU acceleration of the SCHISM model within the CUDA Fortran framework, laying a preliminary foundation for lightweight GPU-accelerated parallel processing in ocean numerical simulations. © 2025 by the authors.

关键词： Acceleration

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Ray-Tracing Calibration Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization in 5.9 GHz Outdoor Scenario

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IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 2025年

作者： Li, Zhuoyin He, Ruisi Yang, Mi Qi, Ziyi Zhang, Zhong Ai, Bo Zhang, Haoxiang Han, Jiahui Fan, Jianhua Beijing Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation the School of Electronics and Information Engineering the Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System Beijing 100044 China Master Planning Institute of China Academy of Industrial Internet Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China Beijing 100804 China National University of Defense Technology Sixty-third Research Institute Nanjing 210007 China

Ray-tracing (RT) channel simulation has been widely used for simulating and analyzing propagation of electromagnetic waves in complex environments. The electrical properties of materials play a critical role in RT simulation accuracy and calibration of material is usually required. However, the traditional calibration methods for electrical parameters, such as the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm, suffer from slow convergence and limited parallelism, making them less suitable for complex scenarios with diverse material categories. This article presents a novel approach for automatic parameter optimization based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The proposed method leverages fast convergence advantage of the PSO algorithm. It incorporates a linearly-varying strategy to gradually reduce inertia weight, and enhances algorithm local search capability. Additionally, random perturbation factors are employed to reassign particles exceeding boundaries, preventing them from being trapped in local optima. Measurements and calibration of 5.9 GHz outdoor channels demonstrate the method, which achieves fairly high accuracy. © 2002-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Channel simulation electromagnetic parameter calibration particle swarm optimization ray-tracing simulation

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CO2 Electroreduction in Ionic Liquids： A Review

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2018年第10期36卷 961-970页

作者： Jianpeng Feng Shaojuan Zeng Jiaqi Feng Haifeng Dong Xiangping Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China College of Chemical and Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The increasing emission of carbon dioxide （CO2） caused by the unrestrained consumption of fossil fuels in recent hundreds of years, has caused global environmental and social problems. Meanwhile, CO2 is a cheap, abundant and renewable Cl-feedstock, which can be converted into alco- hols, ethers, acids and other value-added chemicals. Compared with the thermal reactions, electrochemical reduction of CO2 is more attractive because of its advantages by using the seasonal, geographical and intermittent energy （tide, wind and solar） under mild conditions. In recent years, taking ionic liquids （ILs） as electrolytes in the CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction has been paid much more attention due to the advantages of lowering the overpotential of CO2 electroreduction and improving the Faradaic efficiency. In this paper, we summarized the recent progresses of electrochemical re- duction of CO2 in ILs electrolytes, and analyzed the reaction mechanism of CO2 reaction in the electrode-electrolyte interface region by experimental and simulation methods. Finally, the research which needs to be highlighted in this area was proposed.

关键词： ionic liquids CO2 reduction charge transfer electric double layer mechanism

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Calculating models of mass action concentrations for NaBr(aq), LiNO_3(aq), HNO_3(aq), and KF(aq) binary solutions

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Journal of University of Science and Technology beijing 2007年第3期14卷 204-211页

作者： Hanjie Guo Weijie Zhao Xuemin Yang Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China State Key Lab of Multiphase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The calculating models of mass action concentrations for electrolyte aqueous solutions NaBr-H2O, LiNO3-H2O, HNO3-H2O, and KF-H2O have been developed at 298.15 K and their molalities ranging from 0.1 mol/kg to saturation according to the ion and molecule coexistence theory as well as mass action law. The calculated mass action concentration is based on pure species as the standard state and the mole fraction as the concentration unit, and the reported activities are usually based on infinite dilution as the standard state and molality as the concentration unit. Hence, the calculated mass action concentration must be transformed to the same standard state and concentration unit. The transformation coefficients between calculated mass action concentrations and reported activities of the same component fluctuate in a very narrow range. Thus, the transformed mass action concentrations not only agree well with reported activities, but also strictly obey mass action law. The calculated results show that the new developed models can embody the intrinsic structure of investigated four electrolyte aqueous solutions. The results also indicate that mass action law has its widespread applicability to electrolyte binary aqueous solutions.

关键词： mass action concentration activity mass action law electrolyte aqueous solution

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