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Widespread surface ozone reduction triggered by dust storm disturbance on ozone production and destruction chemistry

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Science Advances 2025年第19期11卷 eadr4297页

作者： Zhang, Yunjiang Li, Nan Tang, Keqin Wang, Ming Li, Haiwei Li, Ke Zheng, Bo Zhang, Qiang Gao, Meng Fang, Jie Zhang, Haoran Cui, Shijie Wang, Junfeng Chen, Mindong Liao, Hong Ge, Xinlei Hauglustaine, Didier Balkanski, Yves Ciais, Philippe Jiang, Guibin Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing210044 China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement CNRS-CEA-UVSQ Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette France Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Min-istry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist University 999077 Hong Kong School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing210033 China School of Environment and Energy Engineering Anhui Jianzhu University Hefei230601 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100085 China

Natural dust storms are associated with changes to atmospheric photochemical processes, including changes in surface ozone, a critical global air pollutant. Here, we quantified the change in surface ozone during dust storms for regions in China by using a synthesis of measurements and modeling approaches. Our results showed that notable reductions of the average ozone concentration (2.0 to 12.2 parts per billion by volume) were observed during the 12 dust storm events from 2016 to 2023, relative to predust storm levels. The chemical interactions of dust particles with ozone production processes played crucial roles in explaining approximately 13 to 35% of the observed ozone reduction, alongside the impact of intense meteorological disturbances on transport and formation of ozone. Among these interactions, the uptake of ozone, reactive nitrogen, and hydroperoxyl radical by dust particles could substantially contribute to the ozone suppression. This study highlighted the importance of interactions between severe dust pollution and atmospheric photochemistry. Copyright © 2025 The Authors, some rights reserved.

关键词： Synthesis (chemical)

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GDMD: A Disaster Data Hub Fabric the Open Data Network for Disaster Risk Reduction

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Data Science Journal 2025年 24卷

作者： Wang, Juanle Bu, Kun Min, Xiaodong Wang, Qiuyuan Yuan, Yuelei Sun, Feiran State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China China-Pakistan Earth Science Research Center Islamabad45320 Pakistan Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing210023 China Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun130102 China School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics Shandong University of Technology Zibo255049 China

Disaster risk reduction is a priority in the Open Science recommendations proposed by UNESCO. Diverse types of scattered disaster data are the basis for disaster prevention and mitigation. The realization of these interconnections and links remains challenging. This study proposes an open directory mechanism that facilitates the interoperability of global disaster data resources, named Global Disaster Data Master Directory (GDMD). Based on open standards and open-source technology, the prototype GDMD system was developed and deployed in the Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service (DRRKS) system at the UNESCO Category 2 centre. The GDMD realizes three types of disaster data resource aggregation: local resources built by DRRKS, manual cataloging from open disaster platforms worldwide, and protocol harvesting based on interoperable technology. Two types of retrieval services are implemented for users through local and federal searches. The master directory has interconnected over 1,400 resources. The open model of GDMD can realize Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable data governance in disaster risk reduction, further pushing the Open Science mechanism and innovative applications of resources. © 2025 The Author(s).

关键词： Data consistency

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Active Dynamic Aggregation Model for Distributed Integrated Energy system as Virtual Power Plant

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2020年第5期8卷 831-840页

作者： Haotian Zhao Bin Wang Xuanyuan Wang Zhaoguang Pan Hongbin Sun Zhen Liu Qinglai Guo State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipments Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd.BeijingChina

Distributed integrated multi-energy systems(DIMSs)can be regarded as virtual power plants to provide additional flexibility to the power *** paper proposes a robust active dynamic aggregation model for the DIMSs to describe the maximum feasible *** aggregation model includes the power constraints,energy constraints,and ramping constraints to aggregate different types of resources in the *** proposed generator-like and storage-like model does not depend on the ancillary service market and can be directly incorporated into the economic dispatch model of the power system.A novel algorithm based on the column-and-constraint generation algorithm and convex-concave procedure is proposed to solve the two-stage robust optimization problem,which is more efficient than the KKT-based ***,a case study of an actual DIMS is developed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.

关键词： Aggregation distributed integrated energy system(DIMS) robust optimization virtual power plant

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Molecular simulation on Microstructure of Ionic Liquids in Capture of CO2

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过程工程学报 2011年第4期11卷 652-659页

作者：岳振国刘晓敏赵玉灵张晓春吕兴梅张锁江 State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex System Institute of Process Engineering CAS Beijing 100190 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Molecular dynamic simulation is used to study the microstructure of four kinds of ionic liquids(ILs),[Emim]PF6,[Emim][Tf2N],[PC6,6,6,14]PF6 and [PC6,6,6,14][Tf2N] in the capture process of *** distribution function(RDF) and spatial distribution function(SDF) are used to analyze the microscopic properties of these *** calculated results show that the space distribution of CO2 around ILs determines the capability of ionic liquids for capturing *** on the analysis of SDF,CO2 and PF6-are overlapped partially around [Emim]+ in [Emim]PF6-CO2 *** the anion is [Tf2N]-,cations are mainly distributed on one side of [Tf2N]-near N atom,and CO2 is concentrated on two sides near the fluoroalkylgroup(?CF3),and there is little overlapped district between cation and *** [PC6,6,6,14]PF6-CO2 mixture,layered structure is found and CO2 is much nearer to PF6-than [PC6,6,6,14]+.Based on the analysis of RDF,in the phosphonium-based ILs,the highest distribution densities of anions and CO2 around cations are about 6 and 3 times as their average ones respectively,while in the imidazolium-based ILs,they are about 3 and 2 respectively,this means that the distributions of CO2 and anions around the imidazolium-based ILs are more evenly distributed than those around the phosphonium-based ILs.

关键词： ionic liquid molecular dynamics simulation CO2 capture microstructure

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TiI: A Novel Framework for Predicting Pre-Tactical Multiple Airports Traffic Flows by Integrating Flight Plans and Weather Data

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation systems 2025年

作者： Tao, Ye Zhao, Xinwei Yan, Zhen Tang, Jinhui Wang, Chong Zhou, Chen State Key Laboratory of Air Traffic Management System Nanjing 210000 China Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Process Engineering Beijing 100089 China

The accurate prediction of traffic flows, defined as the aggregate forecasting of combined departure and arrival volumes across multiple airports within a designated air traffic control zone during the pre-tactical phase, is crucial for effective air traffic flow management, particularly given the rapid growth of aviation transportation. However, existing methods face significant challenges in modeling the complex spatial-temporal dependencies due to difficulties in constructing appropriate graph structures, as well as limitations inherent in the algorithms and periodic trend-based prediction mechanisms. To address these challenges, a novel framework termed Transformation into Image (TiI) is proposed in this study. Initially, data from multiple airports are transformed into images, effectively compressing spatial-temporal features into grid-based distribution representations. Subsequently, the proposed multi-kernel convolution module and parallel patch-transformer module are integrated into each resolution stream of the U-Net architecture to accurately capture spatial-temporal dependencies at both coarse-grained and fine-grained levels. Finally, the predicted images are converted and partitioned into traffic flow data for individual airports, yielding the desired results. To the best of our knowledge, TiI represents the first approach to synchronously extract both spatial and temporal dynamics by encoding traffic flow data into image representation. Extensive experiments validate the feasibility of TiI, demonstrating that it significantly outperforms comparative methods. Furthermore, an ablation study confirms the effectiveness of the two core components within the TiI regression model. © 2000-2011 IEEE.

关键词： air traffic management Artificial intelligence multi-kernel convolution multiple airports traffic flow prediction transformer

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Parallel system Based Quantitative Assessment and Self-evolution for Artificial Intelligence of Active Power Corrective Control

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2024年第1期10卷 13-28页

作者： Tianyun Zhang Jun Zhang Feiyue Wang Peidong Xu Tianlu Gao Haoran Zhang Ruiqi Si School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

In artificial intelligence(AI)based-complex power system management and control technology,one of the urgent tasks is to evaluate AI intelligence and invent a way of autonomous intelligence ***,there is,currently,nearly no standard technical framework for objective and quantitative intelligence *** this article,based on a parallel system framework,a method is established to objectively and quantitatively assess the intelligence level of an AI agent for active power corrective control of modern power systems,by resorting to human intelligence evaluation *** this basis,this article puts forward an AI self-evolution method based on intelligence assessment through embedding a quantitative intelligence assessment method into automated reinforcement learning(AutoRL)systems.A parallel system based quantitative assessment and self-evolution(PLASE)system for power grid corrective control AI is thereby constructed,taking Bayesian Optimization as the measure of AI evolution to fulfill autonomous evolution of AI under guidance of their intelligence assessment *** results exemplified in the power grid corrective control AI agent show the PLASE system can reliably and quantitatively assess the intelligence level of the power grid corrective control agent,and it could promote evolution of the power grid corrective control agent under guidance of intelligence assessment results,effectively,as well as intuitively improving its intelligence level through selfevolution.

关键词： AI quantitative intelligence assessment and self-evolution automated reinforcement learning Bayesian optimization corrective control parallel system

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Chemical characteristics and sources of water-soluble organic aerosol in southwest suburb of beijing

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 99-110页

作者： Ruolan Hu Qingcheng Xu Shuxiao Wang Yang Hua Noshan Bhattarai Jingkun Jiang Yu Song Kaspar R.Daellenbach Lu Qi Andre S.H.Prevot Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Department of Environmental SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute5232 VilligenSwitzerland Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research University of HelsinkiFinland

PM2.5 filter sampling and components measurement were conducted in autumn and winter from 2014 to 2015 at a suburban site(referred herein as "LLH site") located in the southwest of *** offline aerosol mass spectrometry(offline-AMS) analysis and positive matrix factorization(PMF) were applied for measurement and source apportionment of watersoluble organic aerosol(WSOA).Organic aerosol(OA) always dominated PM2.5 during the sampling period,especially in *** pollution was serious during the polluted period both in autumn(31.1 μg/m3) and winter(31.9 μg/m3),while WSOA accounted for 54.4%of OA during the polluted period in autumn,much more than that(21.3%) in *** oxidation degree of WSOA at LLH site was at a high level(oxygen-to-carbon ratio,O/C=0.91)and secondary organic aerosol(SOA) contributed more mass ratio of WSOA than primary organic aerosol(POA) during the whole observation *** winter,coal combustion OA(CCOA) was a stable source of OA and on average accounted for 25.1% of *** autumn,biomass burning OA(BBOA) from household combustion contributed 38.3% of WSOA during polluted *** addition to oxygenated OA(OOA),aqueous-oxygenated OA(aq-OOA) was identified as an important factor of *** heavy pollution period,the mass proportion of aq-OOA to WSOA increased significantly,implying the significant SOA formation through aqueous-phase *** result of this study highlights the concentration on controlling the residential coal and biomass burning,as well as the research needs on aqueous chemistry in OA formation.

关键词： pollution aerosol winter

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Distributed disturbance-observer-based vibration control for a flexible-link manipulator with output constraints

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2018年第10期61卷 1528-1536页

作者： YANG HongJun LIU JinKun HE Wei State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex System Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

The issue of output constraints is studied for a flexible-link manipulator in the presence of unknown spatially distributed disturbances. The manipulator can be taken as an Euler-Bernoulli beam and its dynamic is expressed by partial differential equations. On account of the uncertainty of disturbances, we present a disturbance observer to estimate infinite dimensional disturbances on the beam. The observer is proven exponentially stable. Considering the problem of output constraints in the practical engineering, we propose a novel distributed vibration controller based on the disturbance observer to fulfill the position regulation of the joint angle and suppress elastic deflections on the flexible link, while confining the regulating errors of output in a suitable scope that we can assign. The closed-loop system is demonstrated exponentially stable based on an integral-barrier Lyapunov function. simulations validate the effectiveness of the design scheme.

关键词： flexible manipulator distributed vibration control disturbance observer partial differential equation output constraint distributed parameter system

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Operational Reliability Modeling and Assessment of Battery Energy Storage Based on Lithium-ion Battery Lifetime Degradation

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2022年第6期10卷 1738-1749页

作者： Lin Cheng Yuxiang Wan Yanglin Zhou David Wenzhong Gao State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of DenverDenverUSA IEEE

Battery energy storage(BES)systems can effectively meet the diversified needs of power system dispatching and assist in renewable energy *** reliability of energy storage is essential to ensure the operational safety of the power ***,BES systems are composed of battery *** suggests that BES performance depends not only on the configuration but also on the operating state over different lifetime *** lack of safety and reliability is the main bottleneck preventing widespread applications of BES ***,a reliability assessment algorithm and a weak-link analytical method for BES systems are proposed while considering battery lifetime ***,a novel lithium-ion battery model is proposed to identify the degradation rate of solid electrolyte interphase film formation and capacity *** impacts of different operating conditions are considered in stress factor ***,a reliability assessment algorithm for a BES system is introduced based on a universal generating *** innovative weak-link analytical method based on the reliability importance index is proposed that combines the evaluation results of state-oriented and state-change-oriented indexes through an entropy weight *** model,algorithm,indexes,and the usefulness are demonstrated in case studies based on aging test data and actual bus operating *** results demonstrate the effects of the battery status and working conditions on BES ***-link analysis is also used to assist BES systems in avoiding short-board batteries to achieve long lifetimes and efficient operation.

关键词： Battery energy storage lifetime degradation operational reliability capacity plummeting weak-link analysis

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Inhibiting liquid permeation into silicone rubber by superhydrophobic coating for prolonged service life

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High Voltage 2023年第5期8卷 986-996页

作者： Shuming Liu Ying Zhou Zhou Zuo Shuqi Liu Qian Wang Zhong Chen Xidong Liang State Key Laboratory of Control and Simulation of Power System and Generation Equipment Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina School of Material Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Liquid permeation into silicone rubber(SR)may lead to the degradation or complete failure of the composite *** to inhibit liquid permeation,two kinds of superhydrophobic coatings are applied to the SR *** liquid permeation properties of SR with different types of liquids are investigated,and the Langmuir diffusion model is applied to analyse the experimental *** results show that the composite superhydrophobic coating can effectively inhibit liquid permeation by reducing the contact area between the surface and liquid,and the stable structure of the composite coating can maintain the performance after the liquid permeation and ***,the nano‐particle coating without the polymer binder experiences severe performance degradation during the immersion test,and it cannot restrain the liquid permeation anymore after it loses the *** a validation of the effective protection,the insulation resistivity change was *** resistivity decreases sharply for the pristine SR after water permeation;however,the decrease is much smaller for the coated *** current study not only provides new insight into the liquid permeation properties of SR with different surface wettability but also suggests an effective measure to prevent liquid permeation into SR.

关键词： coating permeation liquid

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