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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wang, Hui Shan Chen, Lingxiu Elibol, Kenan He, Li Wang, Haomin Chen, Chen Jiang, Chengxin Li, Chen Wu, Tianru Cong, Chun Xiao Pennycook, Timothy J. Argentero, Giacomo Zhang, Daoli Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Wei, Wenya Yuan, Qinghong Meyer, Jannik C. Xie, Xiaoming State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences 865 Changning Road Shanghai200050 China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Boltzmanngasse 5 Vienna1090 Austria School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China Shanghai200050 China Department of Lithospheric Research University of Vienna Althanstrasse 14 Vienna1090 Austria State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System School of Information Science and Technology Fudan University Shanghai200433 China National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physics and Material Science East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China Centre for Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology University of Queensland BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia School of Chemistry Trinity College Dublin CRANN - Advanced Microscopy Laboratory Unit 27/29 Trinity Enterprise CentrePearse St Dublin 2 Ireland University Antwerpen Groenenborgerlaan 171 Antwerpen2020 Belgium Institute for Applied Physics and Natural and Medical Sciences Institute University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany

The integrated in-plane growth of two dimensional materials (e.g. graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)) with similar lattices, but distinct electrical properties, could provide a promising route to achieve integrated circuitry of atomic thickness. However, fabrication of edge-specific graphene nanoribbons (GNR) in the lattice of h-BN still remains an enormous challenge for present approaches. Here we developed a two-step growth method and successfully achieved sub-5 nm-wide zigzag and armchair GNRs embedded in h-BN, respectively. Further transport measurements reveal that the sub-7 nm-wide zigzag GNRs exhibit openings of the band gap inversely proportional to their width, while narrow armchair GNRs exhibit some fluctuation in the bandgap-width relationship. Transistors made of these GNRs with large bandgaps (>0.4 eV) exhibit excellent electronic performance even at room temperature (e.g. conductance on-off ratio more than 105 and carrier mobility more than 1,500 cm2 V−1 s−1). An obvious conductance peak is observed in the transfer curves of 8-10 nm-wide zigzag GNRs while it is absent in most of armchair GNRs of similar width. Magneto-transport experiments show that zigzag GNRs exhibit relatively small magneto-conductance (MC) while armchair GNRs have much higher MC than zigzag GNRs. This integrated lateral growth of edge-specific GNRs in h-BN brings semiconducting building blocks to atomically thin layer, and will provide a promising route to achieve intricate nanoscale electrical circuits on high-quality insulating h-BN substrates. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Boron nitride

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TransMut: a program to predict HLA-I peptide binding and optimize mutated peptides for vaccine design by the Transformer-derived self-attention model

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Chu, Yanyi Zhang, Yan Wang, Qiankun Zhang, Lingfeng Wang, Xuhong Wang, Yanjing Wang, Jianmin Jiang, Xue Salahub, Dennis Russell Xiong, Yi Wei, Dong-Qing State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism Shanghai-Islamabad-Belgrade Joint Innovation Center on Antibacterial Resistances Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200030 China Department of Chemistry CMS - Centre for Molecular Simulation IQST - Institute for Quantum Science and Technology University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada Department of Clinical Oncology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa 75 Laurier Ave. OttawaONK1N 6N5 Canada The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of System control and information processing Department of Automation School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200030 China Integrative Biotechnology & Translational Medicine Yonsei University Incheon21983 Korea Republic of Peng Cheng Laboratory Vanke Cloud City Phase I Building 8 Xili Street Nanshan District Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China

Computational prediction of the interaction between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and peptide (pHLA) can speed up epitope screening and vaccine design. Here, we develop the TransMut framework composed of TransPHLA for pHLA binding prediction and AOMP for mutated peptide optimization, which can be generalized to any binding and mutation task of biomolecules. Firstly, TransPHLA is developed by using a Transformer-derived self-attention model to predict pHLA binding, which is significantly superior to 11 previous methods on pHLA binding prediction, neoantigen and human papilloma virus vaccine identification. For vaccine design, the AOMP program is then developed to automatically optimize mutated peptides to search for mutant peptides with higher affinity to the target HLA and with high homology to the source peptide. Among 3660 non-binding pHLAs, 3630 were successfully mutated. Of these, 94% were verified by the IEDB recommended method, and 88% have homology higher than 80% to the source peptide. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Peptides

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Design and Verification Test of the Primary and Secondary Stage Compression Gap Size of Miniature High Pressure Air Compressor

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第2期1802卷

作者： Lihua Yang Bo Fang Shengguan Qu Xiaoqiang Li Tao Mao Hongyun Gao Yumeng Xia Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of Technology Guangdong China State Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing for Special Vehicles and Transmission System Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group Co Ltd Inner Mongolia China China North Ordnance New Technology Generalization Institute Beijing China

Aiming at the prominent problem of the primary and secondary pistons hitting the cylinder head in the current miniature high-pressure three-stage air compressor, a design study on the size of the primary and secondary compression gap is carried out. Through the theoretical force analysis of the connecting rod, the force situation of the connecting rod at the top and bottom dead centers is obtained. The three-dimensional models of connecting rod and cylinder are established based on SolidWorks software, and the three-dimensional models are simplified. Based on Ansys Workbench software, the connecting rod and cylinder models are pre-processed, model discretized and post-processed. The structural statics and steady-state thermal comprehensive analysis of the connecting rod at the upper and lower dead points and the steady-state thermal analysis of the cylinder under working conditions are completed. Through analysis, the total axial deformation of the connecting rod and the total axial deformation of the cylinder under high temperature and high speed working conditions are obtained. According to the simulation analysis results, the first and second compression gap size is designed. Based on the design results, ten sets of air compressors are tested for dimensional design verification. The test results show that the air compressors of each test group can complete the charging requirements within the specified time, and there is no phenomenon of piston hitting the cylinder head, indicating the size design reliability.

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A constraint on historic growth in global photosynthesis due to increasing CO2

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Nature 2021年第7888期600卷 253-258页

作者： T F Keenan X Luo M G De Kauwe B E Medlyn I C Prentice B D Stocker N G Smith C Terrer H Wang Y Zhang S Zhou Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. trevorkeenan@berkeley.edu. Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA. trevorkeenan@berkeley.edu. Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA. Department of Geography National University of Singapore Singapore. ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes Sydney New South Wales Australia. Climate Change Research Centre University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia. School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK. Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia. Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Ascot UK. Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde New South Wales Australia. Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Haidian Beijing China. Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH Zurich Switzerland. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland. Department of Biological Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA. Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Boston MA USA. Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing China. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University Palisades NY USA. Earth Institute Columbia University New York NY USA. Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia University New York NY USA. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing

The global terrestrial carbon sink is increasing, offsetting roughly a third of anthropogenic CO released into the atmosphere each decade, and thus serving to slow the growth of atmospheric CO. It has been suggested that a CO-induced long-term increase in global photosynthesis, a process known as CO fertilization, is responsible for a large proportion of the current terrestrial carbon sink. The estimated magnitude of the historic increase in photosynthesis as result of increasing atmospheric CO concentrations, however, differs by an order of magnitude between long-term proxies and terrestrial biosphere models. Here we quantify the historic effect of CO on global photosynthesis by identifying an emergent constraint that combines terrestrial biosphere models with global carbon budget estimates. Our analysis suggests that CO fertilization increased global annual photosynthesis by 11.85 ± 1.4%, or 13.98 ± 1.63 petagrams carbon (mean ± 95% confidence interval) between 1981 and 2020. Our results help resolve conflicting estimates of the historic sensitivity of global photosynthesis to CO, and highlight the large impact anthropogenic emissions have had on ecosystems worldwide.

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Erratum to: On secondary new particle formation in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & engineering 2016年第5期10卷 10页

作者： Markku Kulmala Tuukka Petäjä Veli-Matti Kerminen Joni Kujansuu Taina Ruuskanen Aijun Ding Wei Nie Min Hu Zhibin Wang Zhijun Wu Lin Wang Douglas R. Worsnop University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences (JirLATEST) Nanjing University and University of Helsinki Nanjing China Institute for Climate and Global Change Research Nanjing University Nanjing China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing China Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz Germany Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Fudan University Shanghai China Aerodyne Research Inc. Billerica USA

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Review on Target Tracking of Wind Power and Energy Storage Combined Generation system

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期192卷

作者： Xuewei Guo Man Xu Linlin Wu Hui Liu Siqing Sheng State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding China Grid-connected Operation Technology for Wind-Solar-Storage Hybrid System State Grid Corporation Key Laboratory Beijing China

The utilization of large-scale renewable energy resources can effectively alleviate the shortage of traditional fossil fuel energy resources and the problem of environmental pollution. In order to realize the grid-friendly access of renewable energy power generation represented by wind power, it is necessary to involve energy storage, of which the battery energy storage is the most widely used type, and build a relatively controllable combined power generation system. Target tracking is one of the demand that wind power and energy storage combined generation system is supposed to meet. According to the discrepancies in tracking target, this paper firstly categorizes the target tracking issue into three parts, namely tracking wind power forecasting curve, tracking generation plan and tracking dynamic power generation index. Then based on the categories and considering their own research focuses, relevant literatures are summarized and compared. Conclusions and future research points are provided in the end. It is found that the issue of tracking dynamic power generation index worth more attention attributed to its novelty and complexity, where future work may be conducted from two aspects, the mathematical model dynamic power generation index and control strategy with overall management ability.

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Publisher Correction: Ozone pollution mitigation strategy informed by long-term trends of atmospheric oxidation capacity

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Nature Geoscience 2024年 172页

作者： Wenjie Wang Xin Li Ying Liu Sihua Lu Yusheng Wu Shiyi Chen Keding Lu Min Hu Limin Zeng Min Shao Yuanhang Zhang Hang Su Yafang Cheng Ruijing Ni Ulrich Pöschl Zhaofeng Tan Franz Rohrer Andreas Wahner David D. Parrish Cheng Huang Xudong Tian K. M. Leung Liangfu Chen Meng Fan Qiang Zhang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Mainz Germany International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control Ministry of Education Beijing China Collaborative Innovation Centre of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Peking University Beijing China Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan University Guangzhou China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai China Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung: Troposphäre (IEK-8) Forschungszentrum Jülich Jülich Germany Key Laboratory of Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Forewarning and Quality Control of Zhejiang Zhejiang Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center Hangzhou China Environmental Protection Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science The Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Beijing China

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Modelling and resonance analysis of wind power integration via flexible HVDC considering wind speed and wind farm location

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2018年第4期1087卷

作者： Xiaobao Hu Xiao Wang Hui Liu Linlin Wu Lele Niu Siqing Sheng State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding China Grid-connected Operation Technology for Wind-Solar-Storage Hybrid System State Grid Corporation Key Laboratory Beijing China

Field experience has shown that harmonic resonance may occur in wind farms integration through a flexible HVDC transmission system. The impact on resonance characteristics from wind speed and length of the connection line from wind farm to flexible HVDC converter station is studied in this paper. First, the system model of wind farm integration through flexible HVDC system is established, including the whole structure of electrical model, control structures of converters and the impedance measurement model. Then, the effect of the line length and wind speed on the impedance characteristics of interconnected system is analyzed, and the aggregated RLC circuit approach is used to evaluate the risk of potential resonance quantitatively. Finally, the simulation results on the RT-LAB platform validate the theoretical analysis.

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Impact of Wind Generators Number and Location on the Resonance Risk of Wind Farm Integration through Flexible HVDC system

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2018年第1期192卷

作者： Xiao Wang Xiaobao Hu Hui Liu Linlin Wu Siqing Sheng State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. Ltd. Research Institute North China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. Beijing China Grid-connected Operation Technology for Wind-Solar-Storage Hybrid System State Grid Corporation Key Laboratory Beijing China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding China

Resonances or instability phenomena may occur in wind farms integration through a flexible HVDC transmission system. The relationship between the resonance risk and wind turbines number under different lengths of the line from wind farms to the flexible HVDC converter station is studied in this paper. First, the effect of the line length on the impedance characteristics of interconnected system is analyzed, and the aggregated RLC circuit approach is applied for the quantitative assessment of potential resonance risk. Then, the variation trend of system impedance characteristics caused by different wind turbines number is revealed, and resonance risk affected by the number of wind turbines integrated from the different location is evaluated by calculating system resonance damping around the resonant frequency. Finally, the simulation results on the RT-LAB platform validate the theoretical analysis.

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RETRACTION: A constraint on historic growth in global photosynthesis due to increasing CO₂ (Retraction of Vol 600, Pg 253, 2021)

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NATURE 2022年第7913期606卷 420-420页

作者： Keenan, T. F. C. Luo, X. De Kauwe, M. G. Medlyn, B. E. Prentice, I. C. Stocker, B. D. Smith, N. G. Terrer, C. Wang, H. Zhang, Y. Zhou, S. Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA Department of Geography National University of Singapore Singapore Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing China Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University Palisades NY USA Earth Institute Columbia University New York NY USA Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia University New York NY USA State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resources Ecology Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing China ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes Sydney New South Wales Australia Climate Change Research Centre University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Ascot UK Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde New South Wales Australia Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Haidian Beijing China Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH Zurich Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland Department of Biological Sciences Texas Tech University Lubbock TX USA Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Boston MA USA

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