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Why was Pakistan extreme precipitation stronger in 2022 than in 2010?

Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第6期14卷 913-920页

作者： Xu YUAN Kun YANG Jing SUN Yan WANG Yan-Yi HE Mi-Jun ZOU Yao-Zhi JIANG Polar and Marine Research Institute College of Harbor and Coastal EngineeringJimei UniversityXiamen 361021China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Tibetan Plateau Data Center State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemResource and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institue of Geographic Science and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China School of Environmental and Geographical Science Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Yangtze River Delta National Observatory of Wetland Ecosystem Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China

In Pakistan,five continuous extreme precipitation events in the summer(July-August)of 2022 caused disastrous floods,depriving thousands of people's lives and ruining millions of *** tremendous disaster in Pakistan also happened in 2010 but with three concentrated extreme precipitation events in the middle of *** amount of Pakistan heavy daily precipitation in 2022 surpasses that in 2010 record,making it the strongest precipitation event ever *** comprehensively understand the causes of extreme precipitation in Pakistan,this study investigated the anomalies in atmospheric circulation and moisture contribution of 2010/2022 extreme precipitation and compared their *** results show that an atmospheric blocking over northern Europe in both 2022 and 2010 enhanced convection in Pakistan by transporting cold-dry air from the high-latitude region and benefiting warm-wet monsoonal air marching to *** employing a moisture track model,the main moisture sources for summer precipitation in Pakistan were *** is found that moisture contributions except from Eurasia were enhanced,causing extreme *** particular,enhanced moisture contribution from the southern Indian Ocean and the northern Indian continent in 2022 are more prominent than that in *** increased moisture contribution in 2010 was due to increased evaporation induced by warming sea surface in the Indian Ocean,while much richer moisture transport in 2022 was attributed to the enhanced cross-equatorial flow induced by the anomalous subtropical high in the Southern ***,attention should be paid to the role of subtropical high in the Southern Hemisphere in addition to those in Northern Hemisphere in understanding disastrous extreme precipitation events inPakistan.

关键词： Extreme precipitation Moisture transport Moisture sources Pakistan

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Dynamic Characteristics of a Deployable Large Support Arm with Uncertain Parameters

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Advances in Astronautics Science and Technology 2022年第4期5卷 357-362页

作者： Zhang, Shaohui Liu, Fan Sun, Wei Pan, Yaozong Zhao, Yan Luo, Wenbo Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering Beijing 100094 China State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 China

The dynamic characteristics of a large deployable support arm with uncertain parameters are studied. Due to the processing, manufacturing and other reasons, uncertainty is common in the actual structure, especially for the main bearing structure of high-precision imaging, the uncertainty becomes an important influence that cannot be ignored. In this paper, the modified perturbation method is used to study the change in the structural dynamic characteristics when the elastic modulus of the support arm has a small parameter variation, and the Monte Carlo simulation is used to verify the comparison. The natural vibration characteristics of the support arm structure are measured from the perspective of the statistical characteristics of probability. © 2022, Chinese Society of Astronautics.

关键词： Dynamic characteristics Support arm Uncertain parameters

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Method for constructing multi-dimensional feature map of malicious code 5

Method for constructing multi-dimensional feature map of mal...

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2020 5th International Seminar on Computer Technology, Mechanical and Electrical engineering, ISCME 2020

作者： Ma, Haocong Zhang, Ji Zhou, Junhua Zhai, Xiang Xue, Junjie Ji, Hang State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing System Technology Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering Beijing100854 China School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Complex Product Advanced Manufacturing Engineering Research Center Beijing Simulation Center Beijing100854 China Science and Technology on Space System Simulation Laboratory Beijing Simulation Center Beijing100854 China

Malicious code is characterized by a large number of types, rapid increase in number, continuous update of transmission routes, and continuous enhancement of back analysis and back detection methods. Therefore, how to effectively detect and analyze malicious code has been a problem of great concern. This paper studies the features of binary file and disassembly file of malicious code, introduces the concept of information gain, and proposes a method to construct the multi-dimensional characteristic graph of malicious code. Finally, the convolutional neural network is used to classify the multi-dimensional feature graph of malicious code, which provides a new idea for the feature extraction of malicious code. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Malware

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Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of Leu_(10)-teixobactin analogues

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第4期36卷 157-161页

作者： Yanye Fan Jingjing Chen Bichun Chen Jinyu Bai Bowen Yang Feng Liang Lijing Fang The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine CAS-HK Joint Lab of BiomaterialsACS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and SystemInstitute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology(SIAT)Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Sino-Euro Center of Biomedicine and Health Shenzhen 518024China School of Pharmacy Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Two thioamino acids and four fiuorinated amino acids were employed to substitute either partially or entirely the Ile_(2),Ser_(3),Ile_(6),and Ser_(7) residues of Leu_(10)-teixobactin to prepare ten analogues and the bioactivity of them was *** SAR studies revealed that Ile_(6) was tolerable for both thioamidation and fiuoridation,while Ser_(7) was identified as the most tolerable site for *** 1a demonstrated comparable or slightly improved antibacterial activity,superior protease stability compared to Leu_(10)-teixobactin,while not exhibiting obvious cytotoxicity against mammalian cells.

关键词： Leu_(10)-teixobactin Thioamidation Fluorination Antibacterial activity Protease stability

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Spatiotemporal variation of ecological environment quality and extreme climate drivers on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第8期20卷 2282-2297页

作者： SUN Tao YANG Yan-mei WANG Ze-gen YONG Zhi-wei XIONG Jun-nan MA Guo-li LI Jie LIU Ao School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Protecting the ecological security of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP)is of great importance for global ecology and *** the past few decades,climate extremes have posed a significant challenge to the ecological environment of the ***,there are few studies that explored the effects of climate extremes on ecological environment quality of the QTP,and few researchers have made quantitative ***,this paper proposed the Ecological Environmental Quality Index(EEQI)for analyzing the spatial and temporal variation of ecological environment quality on the QTP from 2000 to 2020,and explored the effects of climate extremes on EEQI based on Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression(GTWR)*** results showed that the ecological environment quality in QTP was poor in the west,but good in the *** 2000 and 2020,the area of EEQI variation was large(34.61%of the total area),but the intensity of EEQI variation was relatively low and occurred mainly by a slightly increasing level(EEQI change range of 0.05-0.1).The overall ecological environment quality of the QTP exhibited spatial and temporal fluctuations,which may be attributed to climate *** spatial heterogeneity was observed in the effects of the climate extremes on ecological environment ***,the effects of daily temperature range(DTR),number of frost days(FD0),maximum 5-day precipitation(RX5day),and moderate precipitation days(R10)on ecological environment quality were positive in most ***,there were significant temporal differences in the effects of consecutive dry days(CDD),consecutive wet days(CWD),R10,and FD0 on ecological environment *** differences may be attributed to variances in ecological environment quality,climate extremes,and vegetation types across different *** conclusion,the impact of climate extremes on ecological environment quality exhibits complex *** findings will assist managers in iden

关键词： Ecological environment quality Extreme climate Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation Clean Air Asia

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

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Sound intensity fluctuations caused by internal solitary wave train in the South China Sea

Sound intensity fluctuations caused by internal solitary wav...

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2023 International Conference on Frontiers of Ocean Science and Technology, ICFOST 2023

作者： Gao, Fei Xu, Fanghua Li, Zhenglin Qin, Jixing Ma, Shuqing Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Earth System Modeling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China School of Ocean Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen University GUANGDONG Zhuhai519000 China State Key Laboratory of Acoustics Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China College of Meteorology and Oceanology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China

Dynamic internal solitary wave (ISW) can cause significant underwater sound fluctuations. In this paper, the periodic characteristics of sound intensity fluctuations and related physical mechanisms are investigated in the scenario that an ISW train passing through the acoustic path from source to receivers. From simulation results and experimental data, it is shown that the sound intensity fluctuates quasi-periodically, and the predominant fluctuation frequency is associated with modal interference and modal intensity. The initial mode coefficients at the source and the mode coupling are responsible for the fluctuations of modal intensities, and one of the predominant fluctuation periods is the same as that of the ISWs. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Solitons

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simulation and prediction of membrane fusion dynamics

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2022年第1期12卷 49-55页

作者： Zhi Zheng Shouqin Lü Mian Long Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering Key Laboratory of Microgravity(National Microgravity Laboratory)Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiologyand CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System MechanicsInstitute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Membrane fusion is an important process by which biological membranes perform their life activities. simulations show that the membrane fusion process happens mainly through three pathways, where the Stalk-Pore hypothesis, in which two membranes come into close contact to form a stalk to a hemifusion intermediate, and then the fusion pore opens to achieve completely fusion, is widely accepted, and there exist two free energy barriers that break the current structural steady state for lipid rearrangement. Factors of lipid composition, mechanical environment, protein and ion have regulatory roles in the membrane fusion process by effecting membrane curvature structurally and the free energy barriers from energetic perspective. Meanwhile, many theoretical models, represented by the Helfrich model, have been proposed to predict the membrane fusion process. In this paper, we review the research process of membrane fusion and mainly introduce the dynamics of membrane fusion, regulation factors and typical theoretical models.

关键词： Membrane fusion Hemifusion intermediates Fusion pathway Regulation Helfrich model

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Enhancing Autonomy Capability in Regional Power Grids:A Strategic Planning Approach with Multiple Autonomous Evaluation Indexes

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Energy engineering 2024年第9期121卷 2449-2477页

作者： Jie Ma Tong Zhao Yuanzhao Hao Wenwen Qin Haozheng Yu Mingxuan Du Yuanhong Liu Liang Zhang Shixia Mu Cuiping Li Junhui Li Planning and Assessment Center Department State Grid Henan Economic Research InstituteZhengzhou450000China Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of EducationNortheast Electric Power UniversityJilin132012China Development Planning Department State Grid Henan Electric Power CompanyZhengzhou450000China Innovation Development Research Center State Grid Shanghai Energy Internet Research Institute Co.Ltd.Shanghai201210China State Grid Simulation Center China Electric Power Research Institute Co.Ltd.Beijing100192China

After the integration of large-scale DistributedGeneration(DG)into the distribution network,the randomness and volatility of its output result in a reduction of spatiotemporal alignment between power generation and demand in the distribution network,exacerbating the phenomenon of wind and solar power *** a novel power system model,the fundamental concept of Regional Autonomous Power Grids(RAPGs)is to achieve localized management and energy autonomy,thereby facilitating the effective consumption of ***,this paper proposes a distributed resource planning strategy that enhances the autonomy capabilities of regional power grids by considering multiple evaluation indexes for ***,a regional Energy Storage(ES)configuration strategy is *** strategy can select a suitable reference value for the upper limit of ES configuration based on the regional load andDGoutput to maximize the elimination of source load deviations in the region as the upper limit constraint of ES ***,a control strategy for regional ES is proposed,the charging and discharging reference line of ES is set,and multiple autonomy and economic indexes are used as objective functions to select different proportions of ES to control the distributed resources of the regional power grid and establish evaluation indexes of the internal regional generation and load power ratio,the proportion of power supply matching hours,new energy consumption rate and tie line power imbalance outside the region to evaluate changes in the regional autonomy *** final simulation results showthat in the real regional grid example,the planning method in the planning year in the region of the overall power supply matching hour ratio and new energy consumption rate increased by 3.9%and 4.8%on average,and the power imbalance of the tie line decreased by 7.8%on *** proposed planning approach enables the maximization of regional autonomy while effectively smoothing the fluct

关键词： Regional autonomous power grid distributed generation distributed energy storage regional planning strategy evaluation index

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Voltage-Coupled Cascading Trip-off within Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Based Wind Farm during Low Voltage Ride Through 1

Voltage-Coupled Cascading Trip-off within Permanent Magnet S...

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2024 1st International Conference on Smart Grids and Power systems, ICSGPS 2024

作者： Zhang, Yujiang Ding, Zewen Zhang, Pengcheng Zou, Xin Yao, Ruizhe Wang, Fei Key Laboratory of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education School of Electrical Engineering Shandong University Jinan China State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute CO. Ltd State Grid Corporation of China Beijing China

With the increasing penetration of renewable energy, power electronic interfaced devices have become dominant in power system. It is necessary to investigate the dynamic process of the power grid in a smaller time scale. In case of failing in low voltage ride through (LVRT), the traditional method that treats the response of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind farm as a one-time trip-off cannot accurately model the cascading failures in such a new-type power system. This paper focuses on this issue and conducts a detailed study of the dynamic process in a PMSG wind farm during LVRT. Firstly, we reveal an evolution mechanism of voltage-coupled cascading trip-offs in PMSG wind farm. Then, the wind farm based on PMSG is modeled in DIgSILENT/PowerFactory. The model takes into account the voltage losses on the power collection line inside the wind farm, and each wind turbine includes an independent control model. Finally, by simulation, we obtain the principle on cascading failures of internal wind turbines in the wind farm, and confirm the interaction mechanism between turbines as well as the detailed process of cascading failures. © 2024 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Wind turbines

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