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Salt rock filling in subgrade:a comprehensive review

Railway Sciences 2025年第2期4卷 174-198页

作者： Liyang Wang Feng Chen Pengcheng Wang Qianli Zhang Railway Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijingChina and Department of Geotechnical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of High-Speed Railway Track SystemBeijingChina

Purpose–Salt rock from salt lakes can serve as a cost-effective material for subgrade filling,as demonstrated in projects like the Qarhan Salt Lake section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the Qarhan Salt Lake section of the G215 *** state-of-the-art paper aims to summarize the engineering properties of salt rock filling and present the advances of its ***/methodology/approach–This paper collects and analyzes laboratory and field data of salt rock filling from previous studies to present a comprehensive analysis of the engineering properties and utilization of salt rock ***–Salt rock primarily contains minerals such as halite and glauberite,which contribute to its unique phase-changing behavior under varying environmental conditions,impacting its mechanical *** rock filling shrinks when in contact with vapor or unsaturated brine and expands under cooling or *** use is particularly recommended for arid regions,with specific restrictions depending on the structure *** paper discusses suggested countermeasures to mitigate these issues,as well as key quality acceptance indices for salt rock filling *** content after air-drying is recommended as a crucial parameter for construction quality ***/value–This review aims to support future research and engineering practices in salt rock subgrade applications.

关键词： Salt rock Subgrade filling engineering properties Waterproofing Construction quality control

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Design and Development of an Armadillo-Inspired Robot With Multiple Locomotion Modes

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IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics 2025年

作者： Zhang, Ziqiang Wu, Qicai Liao, Jinnong Beijing University of Technology School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Beijing100124 China Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin150001 China

The diversification of locomotion modes can expand the movement range of mobile robots, and enhance their adaptability to complex environments. While the combination of two locomotion modes is quite common, there is still considerable scope for enhancing the environmental adaptability of such robots. In this article, an armadillo-inspired robot (AIRO) with two motion modes, crawling, and rolling, is designed and developed. According to the proposed mechanism design method based on layered constraints, a one-degree of freedom six-bar trunk mechanism is designed and evaluated according to the kinematic chain and the actual configurations, which can realize the switching between crawling and rolling modes with only one motor, and has the advantages of simple control and high structural stiffness, and then the C-shaped arc legs are designed to satisfy the kinematic requirements. Finally, a single/multiple motion modes performance score formula is proposed to quantitatively evaluate the robot's mobility performance based on the indexes such as stability, energy consumption, and speed. The developed prototype of AIRO weighs 2.35 kg and has a maximum size of 469.6 mm × 246.6 mm × 143.2 mm. Experimental results demonstrate that AIRO achieves a maximum crawling speed of 0.192 m/s and a maximum rolling speed of 0.464 m/s on flat terrain, which provides good adaptability to complex terrain. The research results provide a reference for the development of similar robots with multiple motion modes. © 1996-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile robots

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An Optimal Competitive Bidding and Pricing Strategy for Electric Vehicle Aggregator Considering the Bounded Rationality of Users

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IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2025年第3期61卷 4898-4912页

作者： Wang, Qi Huang, Chunyi Wang, Chengmin Xie, Ning Li, Kangping Qiu, Peng Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai200240 China Northeast Electric Power University Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology Ministry of Education Jilin132012 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University College of Smart Energy Shanghai200240 China State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute Hangzhou310014 China

Accurate estimation of the charging demand of electric vehicle (EV) users has a profound impact on the profitability of the EV aggregator (EVA). Existing studies concerning the market strategy of EVA normally assume the EV users are equipped with complete rationality and simplify the real interactive process among EVAs and EV users, making the derived strategy unable to adapt to the practical situations. To address this bottleneck, a novel competitive bidding and pricing strategy for EVA considering both the bounded rationality of EV users and various game relationships between multiple agents is proposed. Firstly, the evolutionary game theory is utilized to simulate the bounded rational charging behaviors of EV users under differentiated charging prices, while their demand elasticity and uncertainty of driving pattern is also taken into account. Secondly, the complex interactions among EVAs and EV users are modeled, where the competition between EVAs is constructed by a non-cooperative game with incomplete information and the interplay between EVAs and EV users is built as a Stackelberg game. Finally, numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method and demonstrate the pricing strategy preferences of EVAs based on the diverse price elastic coefficients of EV users. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved

关键词： Game theory

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Small Signal Stability-Guaranteed Moving Target Defense Against Load Redistribution Attack On IoT-based Smart Grid

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 17413-17429页

作者： Wang, Bingdong Zhang, Zhenyong Wang, Mufeng Liu, Mengxiang Ye, Rui Deng, Ruilong Zhang, Xin Guizhou University State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and Technology Guiyang550025 China China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team Beijing100040 China University of Sheffield Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering Sheffield United Kingdom Guizhou Power Grid Co. Ltd. Intelligent Operation Center China Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Control Science and Engineering Hangzhou310027 China Huzhou Institute of Industrial Control Technology Huzhou313000 China

Moving target defense (MTD) is a promising approach to defend against load redistribution attacks on the internet-of-things (IoT)-based smart grid networks by probing the distorted state estimates with the distributed flexible AC transmission system. However, existing studies mainly focus on optimizing the performance of MTD and ignore the safety effect of it on the system’s operation. In this paper, we fill this gap by deeply analyzing the effect of MTD on the small signal stability and aim to alleviate the negative impact and guarantee its defending performance simultaneously. Firstly, the stability is formally described using the eigenvalue sensitivity. The relationship between the MTD-induced perturbation (MTDper) and the stability criteria is derived. Secondly, a new indicator is proposed to measure the effectiveness of MTDper. Thirdly, a constrained optimization problem is formulated to compute the bound of MTDper for guaranteeing the small signal stability. In addition, a surprising finding is that the stability margin can be improved and enhanced by optimizing the value of MTDper without losing the MTD’s effectiveness. Finally, we evaluate the performance of MTDper and its impact on the small signal stability with extensive simulations on the IEEE 30-bus, 39-bus, and 68-bus test power systems. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Constrained optimization

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Automatic Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Ship Targets Recognition using Simple Multiple Kernel Learning: Automatic ISAR Ship Targets Recognition using Simple-MKL 24

Automatic Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Ship Targets Reco...

引用

Proceedings of the 2024 4th International Conference on Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Risk Management

作者： Yuan Wu Fulin Su Xue Li Peipei Zhu Xunwei Xie National Key Laboratory of Complex Aviation System Simulation Southwest China Institute of Electronic Technology Chengdu Sichuan China School of Electronics and Information Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709753

In radar automatic target recognition (RATR), inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) image recognition shows its advantages. Due to the limited sample size of ISAR images, support vector machine (SVM), known for its robustness in small sample classification, is often used for ISAR image recognition. For ISAR images of different targets, the single kernel SVM algorithm might lose its robustness. Therefore, this paper applies multiple kernel learning (MKL) to ISAR ship target recognition. The process begins with the preprocessing of the ISAR images to suppress Gaussian white noise. Then, principal component analysis (PCA) is employed to extract features from the ISAR images. Finally, the Simple-MKL method is used to recognize the samples. Experiments based on simulation data indicate that the method used in this paper improves the accuracy compared to other single-kernel SVM algorithms with different kernel functions.

关键词： Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR)

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The Enhancing Effect of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet on Summer Extreme High-Temperature Events over Central-Eastern China Since the Late 1990s

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第3期42卷 453-466页

作者： Chujie GAO Yuyu NIU Gen LI Shanlei SUN Bo LU Chaofan LI Bei XU Jinglong HUANG Xiubao SUN College of Oceanography&Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting Ministry of Natural ResourcesHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)&Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Laboratory for Climate Studies and CMA-NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Xiong’an Institute of Meteorological Artificial Intellegence Xiong'an 071708China Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Intelligent Science and Control Engineering Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211169China

The increase in frequency and intensity of Extreme High-temperature Events(EHEs)over Central-Eastern China(CEC)in recent decades has severely impacted social development and *** observation and reanalysis datasets,this study explores the effect of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet stream(EAJ)on the CEC EHEs for the summers spanning 1979–*** its general relative location to the right side of the upper-level jet stream exit region,CEC would theoretically suffer more EHEs with a stronger and northwardly-shifted EAJ in summer due to the likelihood of abnormal subsidence induced by the ***,such an EAJ–EHE connection has been unstable over the past four decades but has displayed an evident interdecadal *** the late 1990s,the interannual variation of the EAJ was manifested mainly by its meridional displacement in the northeastern part of East Asia;thus,the atmospheric responses were essentially located to the east of CEC,exerting less of an influence on the CEC ***,since the late 1990s,the EAJ variation has featured an intensity change in its center over the northwest portion of the CEC,which has resulted in a westward shift in atmospheric responses to cover the CEC ***,the EAJ could potentially affect the summer CEC EHEs during 2000–*** findings offer support for an in-depth understanding of the formation mechanisms of extreme weather/climate events of this nature and thus provide a scientific reference for seasonal climate predictions.

关键词： summer extreme high-temperature events East Asian subtropical jet atmospheric circulation central-eastern China interdecadal change

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Theoretical and experimental study on PRBS time-domain characteristic effects: stimulated Brillouin scattering in silica-based optical fiber

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Applied Optics 2025年第14期64卷 4023-4033页

作者： Wang, Kai Yuan Wang, He Yang, Yi Feng Fan, Chuan Hao Lang, Qing Yu Wangzhijiang Innovation Center for Laser Aerospace Laser Technology and System Department Shanghai Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201800 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of All-Solid-State Laser and Applied Techniques Shanghai Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai201800 China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing10049 China

In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally investigate the impact of pseudo-random binary sequence (PRBS) time-domain characteristics on the properties of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in silica-based optical fiber. It is shown that, when PRBS-modulated injection lasers at the front end in optical fibers reach the SBS threshold, the SBS-induced Stokes light exhibits periodic temporal variations accompanied by high-intensity pulses. By using numerical simulations and experimental validations based on three-wave coupling equations and a fiber laser platform, we demonstrate that the temporal instability in backward light stems from the inherent dwell time of PRBS. To reduce the impact of PRBS dwell time on the suppression of SBS, we generated two modified PRBS-9 sequences using an arbitrary waveform generator and applied them to a master oscillator power amplifier-structured fiber laser amplification platform at a clock frequency of 5 GHz. Upon reaching the SBS threshold, the forward output power reached 1120 W, representing a 6.66% power enhancement compared to the unmodified PRBS-9 sequence. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group.

关键词： Stimulated Brillouin scattering

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Ultra‑High Sensitivity Anisotropic Piezoelectric Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring and Robotic Perception

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 432-446页

作者： Hao Yin Yanting Li Zhiying Tian Qichao Li Chenhui Jiang Enfu Liang Yiping Guo State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China Beijing Vacuum Electronics Research Institute Beijing 100015People’s Republic of China Fundamental Science On Vibration Shock and Noise LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and VibrationSchool of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Monitoring minuscule mechanical signals,both in magnitude and direction,is imperative in many application scenarios,e.g.,structural health monitoring and robotic sensing ***,the piezoelectric sensor struggles to satisfy the requirements for directional recognition due to the limited piezoelectric coefficient matrix,and achieving sensitivity for detecting micrometer-scale deformations is also ***,we develop a vector sensor composed of lead zirconate titanate-electronic grade glass fiber composite filaments with oriented arrangement,capable of detecting minute anisotropic *** as-prepared vector sensor can identify the deformation directions even when subjected to an unprecedented nominal strain of 0.06%,thereby enabling its utility in accurately discerning the 5μm-height wrinkles in thin films and in monitoring human pulse *** ultra-high sensitivity is attributed to the formation of porous ferroelectret and the efficient load transfer efficiency of continuous lead zirconate titanate ***,when integrated with machine learning techniques,the sensor’s capability to recognize multi-signals enables it to differentiate between 10 types of fine textures with 100%*** structural design in piezoelectric devices enables a more comprehensive perception of mechanical stimuli,offering a novel perspective for enhancing recognition accuracy.

关键词： Flexible piezoelectric filaments Anisotropic Ultra-high sensitivity Structural health detection Texture recognition

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Integrated Relay Selection and Power Allocation for Full-Duplex Relay Networks via Deep Reinforcement Learning

IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking

引用

IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking 2025年

作者： Hu, Cong Chen, Yuanxiang Du, Chaoyi Bai, Hao Wang, Shuo Yu, Jianguo Lu, Fan Fan, Zhanchun Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Electronic Engineering Beijing100876 China Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xi'an710071 China Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering Beijing100094 China

Full-duplex (FD) systems enable users to simultaneously transmit and receive information on the same frequency, theoretically enhancing spectrum efficiency. However, the inherent openness and broadcasting nature of wireless communication pose significant security risks, especially in the presence of eavesdroppers. To enhance the reliability of FD relay systems, we derive the secrecy capacity of the systems and propose a novel approach that integrates relay selection and power allocation utilizing deep reinforcement learning (DRL). Specifically, our method employs deep Q network (DQN) and proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithms to jointly explore the optimal relay selection and power allocation strategies. simulation results indicate that the developed approach enhances the average secrecy capacity by at least 30% compared to benchmark methods. Additionally, we assessed the performance of various methods under diverse conditions, demonstrating the effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed approach. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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NSVineCopula: R package for modeling non-stationary multivariate dependence

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Environmental Modelling and Software 2025年 190卷

作者： Zhang, Q. Li, Y.P. Huang, G.H. Huang, X.M. Wang, H. Wang, Z. Xu, Z.P. Wang, Y.Y. Shen, Z.Y. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University Beijing100875 China Institute for Energy Environment and Sustainable Communities University of Regina ReginaSKS4S0A2 Canada

A vine copula is a flexible method for multivariate dependence simulations that assumes stationarity. However, only a few studies have focused on non-stationarity and comprehensively developed nonstationary vine copula functions. In this study, a novel R package, NSVineCopula was developed and presented. Canonical-vine and Drawable-vine structure with 36 bivariate copula functions were considered in NSVineCopula. This package is capable of capturing non-stationary multivariate dependence, providing time-varying parameters for each bivariate copula, and quantifying the conditional probability. Notably, NSVineCopula provides a simple way for sampling non-stationary vine copulas. The capability of NSVineCopula was evaluated through two case studies: (1) agricultural drought risk assessment under compound dry-hot extreme conditions and water level prediction. The results demonstrate the advantages of NSVineCopula in non-stationary multivariate dependence analysis, and highlights the potential of NSVineCopula in many fields. Overall, NSVineCopula can provide valuable and robust functionalities for modeling nonstationary multivariate dependence. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Copula Multivariate dependence Non-stationarity R package Vine copula

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