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Intelligent Photonics:A Disruptive technology to Shape the Present and Redefine the Future

Engineering 2025年第3期46卷 186-213页

作者： Danlin Xu Yuchen Ma Guofan Jin Liangcai Cao State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Artificial intelligence(AI)has taken breathtaking leaps forward in recent years,evolving into a strategic technology for pioneering the *** growing demand for computing power—especially in demanding inference tasks,exemplified by generative AI models such as ChatGPT—poses challenges for conventional electronic computing *** in photonics technology have ignited interest in investigating photonic computing as a promising AI computing *** the profound fusion of AI and photonics technologies,intelligent photonics is developing as an emerging interdisciplinary field with significant potential to revolutionize practical *** learning,as a subset of AI,presents efficient avenues for optimizing photonic design,developing intelligent optical systems,and performing optical data processing and *** AI in photonics can empower applications such as smartphone cameras,biomedical microscopy,and virtual and augmented reality ***,leveraging photonics-based devices and systems for the physical implementation of neural networks enables high speed and low energy *** photonics technology in AI computing is expected to have a transformative impact on diverse fields,including optical communications,automatic driving,and astronomical ***,recent advances in intelligent photonics are presented from the perspective of the synergy between deep learning and metaphotonics,holography,and quantum *** review also spotlights relevant applications and offers insights into challenges and prospects.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Optical neural network Deep learning Metaphotonics Holography Quantum photonics

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Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Combined TOA and AOA Localization Algorithm

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KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems 2025年第4期19卷 1357-1373页

作者： Zhang, Yuexia Gang, Yuanshuo Duan, Shiru Wang, Yu Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing102206 China Key Laboratory of Information and Communication Systems Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing102206 China

Wireless positioning technology plays a crucial role in various applications, including intelligent transportation, industrial automation, and smart cities. However, in non-line-of-sight environments, signal obstruction and multipath effects significantly degrade localization accuracy. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an Intelligent Reflecting Surface-assisted Combined time of arrival (TOA) and angle of arrival (AOA) Localization (IRS-CTAL) algorithm. Specifically, this paper introduces a dynamic partially connected IRS structure, which selectively activates IRS sub-arrays in a time-division manner. This dynamic activation mitigates multipath interference and enhances the controllability of IRS-reflected signals, leading to improved localization performance. In the proposed IRS-CTAL algorithm, the 2D multiple signal classification algorithm is employed to jointly estimate the TOA and AOA of the received signals. Furthermore, to optimize the estimated coordinates and minimize the localization error, this paper incorporates the root mean square propagation algorithm, which efficiently corrects nonlinear distortions caused by IRS reflections. Simulation results demonstrate that the IRS-CTAL algorithm significantly outperforms traditional localization methods, achieving an average localization error reduction of 41% compared to the direct geometric computation method. Copyright © 2025 KSII.

关键词： Computational geometry

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MoS2 synaptic transistor with one-step manufacture

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 357-365页

作者： Yihao GUO Yang WANG Wenjie DENG Yi WU Jingtao LI Kexin LI Yuehui ZHAO Songlin YU Xiaoting WANG Yongzhe ZHANG Hui YAN Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology of Education Ministry of China Faculty of Information TechnologyBeijing University of Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of Technology The 11th Research Institute of Electronics Technology Group Corporation

The synaptic transistor,which is a neuromorphic device with brain-like functions,has garnered significant attention due to characteristics such as low energy consumption,high integration,multiple functions,and high computational ***,the current synaptic transistor possesses a complicated structure and involves complex manufacturing steps,which is not conducive to low-cost,large-scale bionic ***,we introduce a simple MoS2synaptic transistor exhibiting robust synaptic *** transistor utilizes magnetron sputtering manufacture to combine the process of device metal electrode deposition and the introduction of defect states,which helps streamline the manufacturing process into a single *** long-term potentiation and long-term depression in photoelectric coordination are initially ***,biological functions,such as double pulse facilitation and the transformation behavior of short-term memory to long-term memory,are thoroughly evaluated,along with learning-forgetting-relearning ***,the device exhibits robust synaptic plasticity until incident light angles down to 30° to imitate the multi-to-one axon-cellular ***,a classical simulation of Pavlov's dog conditioned reflex is demonstrated along with the multiview extraction *** experimental results demonstrate a promising synaptic transistor with a simple structure,manufacturing technique,and excellent *** further indicates the potential for large-scale integration of bionic neuromorphic systems.

关键词： process optimization artificial synaptic device one-stepmanufacture synaptic plasticity bionic simulation

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Axial Temperature Distribution measurement of Glass Fiber Composite by Fiber Grating Helically Layered Implanted

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 18064-18069页

作者： Xin, Jingtao Liao, Jingjing Liu, Guoqian Ma, Jizhou Zhu, Lianqing Beijing information Science and Technology University Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument Beljing China

In order to monitor the real-time axial temperature distribution of composite materials after high-temperature ablation, a method using an array of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in a single fiber optic cable spirally layered and implanted in a glass composite material plate was presented. The composite experimental specimen was prepared by pre-embedding optical fiber sensors and a vacuum hot-pressing process. Subsequently, temperature characteristic experiments were conducted. The results indicate that the experimental temperature gradient aligns with the finite element simulation, with a relative average error of 2.13% between them. The feasibility and practicality of the temperature measurement method were confirmed through an arc-heated wind tunnel experiment at approximately 1600 °C and the finite element simulation. The results of the arc-heated wind tunnel experiments were consistent with the finite element simulation, with a relative average error of about 2.87% between them. This study offers relevant technical insights for the real-time monitoring of temperature distribution in composites after high-temperature ablation. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Ablation

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A Defective Ground Structure Design for Reducing Coupling between Microstrip Antenna Arrays

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 2025年 151卷 123-130页

作者： Xu, Junhao Wang, Yafei Wang, Xiaozhe Li, Zhensong Key Laboratory of Information and Communication Systems Ministry of Information Industry Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing100101 China Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement & Control Technology Ministry of Education Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing100101 China

In order to reduce the coupling between dense antenna arrays in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, this paper proposes a method to reduce the coupling between microstrip antenna arrays by utilizing a defected ground structure (DGS), which consists of "W"-shaped slits etched in the ground plane. Simulation results show that the structure can achieve −46.6 dB isolation between antenna arrays. To verify the effectiveness of the structure, the microstrip antenna arrays loaded with this DGS are fabricated and measured, and the measured results are consistent with the simulated ones, which verifies the effectiveness of the structure. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antenna arrays

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Fully Distributed Low-Complexity UAV Formation Control with Fixed-Time Full-State Error Performance

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 68224-68231页

作者： Yu, Pengfei Li, Qing Beijing Information Science and Technology University School of Automation Beijing100192 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology Beijing100101 China

This paper presents a fully distributed, low-complexity UAV formation controller design with fixed-time full-state error performance, which is able to address the difficulties in obtaining global information and suppressing external disturbances without observer or adaptive law in existing solutions. The position of neighboring UAVs is the only information to be exchanged, and desired state observer is not required, thereby reducing communication costs, which is well-suited to larger-scale UAV formation systems. The proposed control scheme has the capability to handle external disturbances without observer or adaptive law, simplifying the controller's design and implementation process, reducing computational burden. Moreover, by imposing fixed-time performance constraints on tracking error and virtual error, fixed-time formation tracking error and virtual velocity tracking error can be achieved, which also improves the response speed and accuracy of UAV formation, making it more capable of meeting the time requirements of actual tasks and adapting to dynamically changing environments. Additionally, all closed-loop signals are rigorously proven to be semi-globally ultimately uniformly bounded. Finally, numerical simulation is conducted to verify the effectiveness of proposed control scheme. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Local tolerance analysis for freeform optical systems containing diffractive phase elements

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Optics Express 2025年第8期33卷 17677-17692页

作者： Tan, Yilin Zhu, Jun State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China

Freeform surfaces and diffractive phase elements offer significant potential to enhance optical system performance, but their use also presents manufacturing challenges. Freeform surfaces are typically manufactured using sub-aperture machining tools, which may result in localized errors. When applied to the substrate of phase elements or holographic elements (HOE) recording paths, these errors lead to localized phase errors. To address this, a local tolerance analysis method for freeform optical systems with diffractive phase elements is proposed. The method computes local phase tolerances, substrate surface figure tolerances, and grating line spacing error tolerances at different regions on the diffractive element. It can also calculate surface figure tolerances for the auxiliary mirror in the HOE or holographic grating recording path. The method’s effectiveness is demonstrated in a freeform surface holographic grating imaging spectrometer. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Holographic gratings

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Enhanced N_(2)electroreduction activity of single-atom catalysts:Modulating the linear scaling relationship by coordination engineering and dual-site strategies

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Nano Research 2025年第3期18卷 696-709页

作者： Renyi Li Caimu Wang Jiao Zhang Wei Guo Centre for Quantum Physics Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(MOE)School of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Frontiers Science Center for High Energy Material(MOE) Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The volcano plot is widely used to elucidate the activity trends among different catalysts,thereby effectively screening and guiding catalyst ***,the inherent linear scaling relationship(LSR)constrains the breakthrough in the activity of catalysts,and the understanding of the activity limit in volcano plot is still *** this work,by employing first-principles calculations and microkinetic modeling,we proposed coordination engineering(CE)and dual-site(DS)strategies to surpass the Sabatier’s limitation of WS_(2)-supported TM(TM@WS_(2))single-atom catalysts(SACs)for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR).We found that the LSR betweenΔG(^(*)N_(2)→^(*)N_(2)H)andΔG(^(*)NH_(2)→^(*)NH_(3))was optimized to be closer to the ideal space of eNRR activity after modulating TM@WS_(2)SACs by these two design *** combining the reaction selectivity trend plot,we picked out N-Os@WS_(2),C-Ir@WS_(2),Fe_(2)@WS_(2),and Ru_(2)@WS_(2)as optimal eNRR catalysts with low limiting potential(UL),and N-Os@WS_(2)SAC(UL:-0.28 V)outperforms the best eNRR catalyst among TM@WS_(2)*** constructing explicit solvent models,we conducted a detailed study on the reaction kinetics of proton transfer over these four *** propose that the activity enhancement in TM@WS_(2)SACs for eNRR can be attributed to the ligand effect and geometric effect brought about by CE and DS strategies,improving the donation-backdonation process of electron transfer between N_(2)and the active *** designed catalyst has certain resistance to demetallization and agglomeration under simulated solvent *** work provides a feasible design strategy for the activity enhancement of SACs and brings a new perspective to deeply understanding the volcano plot in heterogeneous catalysis.

关键词： linear scaling relationship volcano plot single-atom catalysts density functional theory(DFT) electrochemical nitrogen reduction

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Nondestructive measurement of the thickness and refractive index of polymer thin films using a single-frequency terahertz Mueller matrix ellipsometry

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Optics Express 2025年第9期33卷 19605-19615页

作者： Yang, Haoming Liu, Defeng Huang, Qian Ming, Ziwei Yang, Zhengang Wang, Kejia Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics School of Optical and Electronic Information Optics Valley Laboratory Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China AVIC Beijing Changcheng Aeronautical Measurement and Control Technology Research Institute Beijing101111 China

Terahertz Mueller matrix ellipsometry is a nondestructive technique based on terahertz waves that can measure film thickness and optical constants with high accuracy. We propose a single-frequency terahertz Mueller matrix ellipsometry based on a dual rotating compensator configuration, which utilizes terahertz waves to achieve high-precision nondestructive measurements of the thickness and refractive index of polymer films. The system realizes the fully polarized incidence of the terahertz beam by rotating the compensator, and establishes a complete polarization measurement scheme by measuring the outgoing light intensity of the two compensators at different angles. Based on the coherent light scattering model, we developed a corresponding data processing algorithm and realized the simultaneous and accurate determination of the film thickness and refractive index through the extraction and inverse calculation of the full Mueller matrix elements. The experimental results show that the system has excellent measurement accuracy and reliability. This research opens up what we believe to be a new research pathway for the characterization and detection of thin film materials, which has an important application value in the field of material science and industrial testing. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Materials testing

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Joint Task Offloading and Resource Allocation Strategy for Space-Air-Ground Integrated Vehicular Networks

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清华大学学报自然科学版（英文版） 2025年第3期30卷 1027-1043页

作者： Yuanshuo Gang Yuexia Zhang Zhihai Zhuo School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing Information Science and Technology UniversityBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing Information Science and Technology UniversityBeijing 100101China

Space-Air-Ground integrated Vehicular Network(SAGVN)aims to achieve ubiquitous connectivity and provide abundant computational resources to enhance the performance and efficiency of the vehicular ***,there are still challenges to overcome,including the scheduling of multilayered computational resources and the scarcity of spectrum *** address these problems,we propose a joint Task Offloading(TO)and Resource Allocation(RA)strategy in SAGVN(namely JTRSS).This strategy establishes an SAGVN model that incorporates air and space networks to expand the options for vehicular TO,and enhances the edge-computing resources of the system by deploying edge *** minimize the system average cost,we use the JTRSS algorithm to decompose the original problem into a number of subproblems.A maximum rate matching algorithm is used to address the channel allocation and the Lagrangian multiplier method is employed for computational *** acquire the optimal TO decision,a differential fusion cuckoo search algorithm is *** simulation results demonstrate the significant superiority of the JTRSS algorithm in optimizing the system average cost.

关键词： edge computing Resource Allocation(RA) Space-Air-Ground integrated Vehicular Network(SAGVN) Task Offloading(TO)

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