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A review of hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy/chemotherapy on malignant tumors

Critical Reviews in Biomedical engineering 2010年第1期38卷 101-116页

作者： Rao, Wei Deng, Zhong-Shan Liu, Jing Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing China

Therapeutic hyperthermia is a procedure that involves heating tissues to a higher temperature level, typically ranging from 41°C to 45°C. Its combination with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy has been performed for many years, with remarkable success in treating advanced and recurrent cancers. The current hyperthermia strategies generally include local, regional, and whole-body hyperthermia, which can be implemented by many heating methods, such as microwave, radiofrequency, laser, and ultrasound. There are several hyperthermic treatment modalities in conjunction with radiotherapy/chemotherapy. Numerous studies have attempted to explain the mechanisms of thermosensitization from radiation and chemotherapy;however, a generalized standard for determining an optimal hyperthermia modality combined with radiotherapy/chemotherapy has not been established, so more research is needed. Fortunately, phase II/III clinical trials have demonstrated that hyperthermia combination therapy is beneficial for local tumor control and survival in patients with high-risk tumors of different types. The aim of this article is to present a comprehensive review of the latest advances in tumor hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. We specifically focus on synergistic cellular and molecular mechanisms, thermal dose, treatment sequence, monitoring and imaging, and clinical outcomes of the combination therapy. The role of nanoparticles in sensitization during radio-/chemotherapy is also evaluated. Finally, research challenges and future trends in the related areas are presented. © 2010 by Begell House, Inc.

关键词： Chemotherapy

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Thermal evaluation of the injectable liquid metal bone cement in orthopedic treatment

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第3期63卷 446-458页

作者： ZHANG QingLei YAO YuChen GAO JianYe YANG XiaoHu ZHANG PengJu DENG ZhongShan LIU Jing Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China School of Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineTsinghua University Beijing 100084China

The thermophysical properties of bone cement are important parameters for its application in the orthopedic treatment. This article focused on the thermal evaluation of the low-melting-point metal(Bi In Sn alloy), which has been proved to be an excellent bone cement. Firstly, the basic thermophysical properties of Bi In Sn alloys with different melting points were ***, 15 fresh porcine femurs placed in the saline bath, bone cements with different melting points and amounts were injected into the bone cavities, respectively. Thermocouples were used to measure the temperature changes of the bone-cement interface and peripheral bone tissue. The possibility of thermal necrosis was evaluated. Moreover, a three-dimensional human knee model was built to numerically assess the effects of thermal parameters, such as melting point and latent heat on tissue temperature distribution. All the experimental and numerical results implied the heat distribution in the tissue depended on the thermal performances of liquid metal bone cement(LMBC). For LMBC of the same melting point, with increased amounts, the damage to the bone tissue is more severe, while for the same amount of different melting point LMBCs, with the higher melting point, which will lead to more serious damage to the tissue. Also, higher latent heat of LMBC has distinct longer solidification process, which may cause irreversible damage to surrounding tissues. Therefore, in the future, for different clinical surgery needs, the appropriate liquid metal bone cement can be obtained by adjusting the thermal parameters.

关键词： liquid metal bone cement thermal evaluation phase transition orthopedic treatment numerical simulation thermal parameters

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Liquid metal hydraulics paradigm:Transmission medium and actuation of bimodal signals

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 77-86页

作者： FU JunHeng GAO JianYe QN Peng LI DongDong YU DeHai SUN Peng HE ZhiZhu DENG ZhongShan LIU Jing Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Vehicle Engineering College of EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

In this article,room temperature gallium-based fluids(RTGFs)with unique thermal and conductive properties are proposed as a transmission fluid for the force carrying medium of hydraulics,which rectify the lack of the multi-functional hydraulic roles of liquid metal(LM).The typical physical properties of RTGFs and comparative conventional hydraulic fluids(commercial hydraulic oil and deionized water),such as thermal stability and rheological characteristics,are *** and numerical methods,then,were adopted to clarify the force transmission performance of RTGFs and commercial hydraulic oils,as well as the influence of temperature fields on the viscosity of *** results disclosed that the advantages of inherent flame resistance,wide liquid temperature range,and the viscosity changing slightly with temperature made RTGFs potential in finding efficient application in the hydraulics as new working ***,for illustration,the rigid and flexible actuators driven by RTGFs were designed as hydraulic fluid and demonstrated their capabilities in grasping objects with various shapes and weights,*** the tunable stiffness of such a flexible actuator was enabled via the solid-liquid phase change of ***,a frequency-adjustable antenna was manufactured and showcased owing to the introduced transformable electromagnetic behaviors of ***,the gallium-based LM fluids with thermoelectrical and mechanical multimodal signal medium would serve as a potential candidate for future complex multifunctional signal transmission systems.

关键词： hydraulic system LM force transmission phase change controllable antenna

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Preparation and enhanced properties of ZrMOF@CdTe nanoparticles with high-density quantum dots

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2020年第2期14卷 155-162页

作者： Xin LIU Xiangling REN Longfei TAN Wenna GUO Zhongbing HUANG Xianwei MENG College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Application of Nanomaterials CAS Key Laboratory of CryogenicsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

ZrMOF@CdTe nanoparticles(NPs)with high fluorescence were synthe-sized by hydrothermal *** morphology,particle size distribution,compositions,fluorescence properties and stability of the synthesized ZrMOF@CdTe were analyzed via the characterization by TEM,ICP-AES and fluorescence spectrophotometry,and the effects of the reaction time and pH value on the fluorescent property of ZrMOF@CdTe NPs were *** results show that ZrMOFs could maintain its morphology and structure well during the process of loading CdTe quantum *** the increase of the loading reaction time,the red-shifted emission peaks of ZrMOF@CdTe NPs appear,and their fluorescence gradually changes from green to red *** the increase of the pH value and temperature of the hydrothermal reaction,the fluorescence of ZrMOF@CdTe NPs was also consistent with the red-shifted *** fluorescent property of ZrMOF@CdTe NPs could be remained for more than 3 ***,ZrMOF@CdTe NPs synthesized by the hydrothermal method have the characteristics of simple operation,adjustable fluorescent color and high stability,and the potential application in the fields of biological detection and sensing is expected.

关键词： hydrothermal synthesis ZrMOF@CdTe nanoparticles quantum dots metal-organic framework

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A fully solid-state cold thermal energy storage device for car seats using shape-memory alloys

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Frontiers in Energy 2023年第4期17卷 504-515页

作者： Yian LU Suxin QIAN Jun SHEN Department of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Department of Energy and Power Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

Thermal energy storage has been a pivotal technology to fill the gap between energy demands and energy *** a solid-solid phase change material,shape-memory alloys(SMAs)have the inherent advantages of leakage free,no encapsulation,negligible volume variation,as well as superior energy storage properties such as high thermal conductivity(compared with ice and paraffin)and volumetric energy density,making them excellent thermal energy storage *** these characteristics,the design of the shape-memory alloy based the cold thermal energy storage system for precooling car seat application is introduced in this paper based on the proposed shape-memory alloy-based cold thermal energy storage *** simulation results show that the minimum temperature of the metal boss under the seat reaches 26.2°C at 9.85 s,which is reduced by 9.8°C,and the energy storage efficiency of the device is 66%.The influence of initial temperature,elastocaloric materials,and the shape-memory alloy geometry scheme on the performance of car seat cold thermal energy storage devices is also *** SMAs are both solid-state refrigerants and thermal energy storage materials,hopefully the proposed concept can promote the development of more promising shape-memory alloy-based cold and hot thermal energy storage devices.

关键词： shape-memory alloy(SMA) elastocaloric effect(eCE) cooled seat cold thermal energy storage

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Effects of nonuniform tissue properties on temperature prediction in magnetic nanohyperthermia

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Journal of Nanotechnology in engineering and Medicine 2011年第2期2卷 021012页

作者： Wang, Qian Deng, Zhong-Shan Liu, Jing Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

In tumor hyperthermia, effectively planning in advance and thus controlling in situ the heating dosage within the target region are rather critical for the success of a therapy. Many studies have simulated the temperature distribution during hyperthermia. However, most of them are based on fixed and known heat source distributions, which are generally very complex to compute. Besides, there is little information concerned the numerical analysis of temperature during magnetic hyperthermia loading with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), which has its specific heat source distribution features. Particularly, the parameters for different human tissues varied very much, which will cause a serious impact on the heat source and temperature distribution. This paper is aimed at investigating the effects of nonuniform tissue properties to the temperature prediction in magnetic nanohyperthermia and other possible effect factors including external EM field, MNP properties, tumor size and depth, surface cooling conditions, etc. It was found that the spatial heat source generated in the nonuniform model appears smaller than that in the uniform model. This is mainly resulted from the energy reflection when transmitting from fat to tumor and muscle under the same condition, while the temperature is higher on account of overall contribution of different parameters including tissue thermal conductivity, blood perfusion, density, heat capacity, and metabolic heat production rate, which also affect the temperature distribution apart from the heat source. Controlling the properties of the external EM field, MNPs and cooling water can acquire different temperature distributions. Tumors with different depths and sizes need specific plannings, which require as accurate as possible temperature prediction. The nonuniform model can be further improved to be applied in magnetic nanohyperthermia treatment planning and thus help optimize the surgical procedures. © 2011 by ASME.

关键词： Tumors

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Revolutionizing heat transport enhancement with liquid metals: Proposal of a new industry of water-free heat exchangers

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能源前沿 2011年第1期5卷 20-42页

作者： Haiyan LI Jing LIU Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBejing 100190China Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Water is perhaps the most widely adopted working fluid in conventional industrial heat transport engineering. However, it may no longer be the best option today due to the increasing scarcity of water ***, the wide variations in water supply throughout the year and across different geographic regions also makes it harder to easily access. To address this issue,finding new alternatives to replace water-based technologies is imperative. In this paper, the concept of a water-free heat exchanger is proposed and comprehensively analyzed for the first time. The liquid metal with a low melting point is identified as an ideal fluid that can flexibly be used within a wide range of working temperatures. Some liquid metals and their alloys, which have previously received little attention in thermal management areas, are *** superior thermal conductivity, electromagnetic field drivability, and extremely low power consumption, liquid metal coolants promise many opportunities for revolutionizing modem heat transport processes: serving as heat transport fluid in industries, administrating thermal management in power and energy systems, and innovating enhanced cooling in electronic or optical ***, comparative analyses are conducted to understand the technical barriers encountered by advanced water-based heat transfer strategies and clarify this new frontier in heat-transport study. In addition, the unique merits of liquid metals that could lead to innovative heat exchanger technologies are evaluated comprehensively.A few promising industrial situations,such as heat recovery,chip cooling,thermoelectricity generation,and military applications,where liquid metals could play irreplacceable roles,were *** technical challenges and scientific issues thus raised are *** their evident ability to meet various critical requirements in modern advanced energy and power industries,liquid metal-enabled technologies are expected to

关键词： heat exchanger liquid metal water resource heat transport enhancement coolant thermal management process engineering energy crisis chip cooling

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Heat Spreader based on room-temperature liquid metal

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Journal of Thermal Science and engineering Applications 2012年第2期4卷 024501页

作者： Deng, Yueguang Liu, Jing Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

This study reports a high-performance heat spreader based on room-temperature liquid metal coolant. Conceptual cooling experiments show that liquid metal heat spreader owns particularly excellent heat spreading performance. In order to evaluate the driving features of liquid metal, a miniaturized electromagnetic pump with high reliability and low power consumption was fabricated and tested. Extreme experiments were performed and showed that liquid metal heat spreader could overwhelm all the latest typical advanced spreading technologies and serve as an ultimate heat spreading solution under extremely high heat flux density condition. © 2012 American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

关键词： Liquid metals

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Detection of atherosclerosis through mapping skin temperature variation caused by carotid atherosclerosis plaques

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Journal of Thermal Science and engineering Applications 2011年第3期3卷 031005页

作者： Yang, Yang Liu, Jing Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Medicine Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

This paper reports the effects of atherosclerosis plaque on the human cervicum skin surface temperature. The classical Pennes bioheat equation and a 3-D model consisting of cervical vertebra, muscle, and skin layer is adopted to characterize the heat transfer in the cervicum. Since the formation of atherosclerotic plaque is random, several parametric analyses are conducted to simulate actual situations. A medical far-infrared thermal imaging system is employed on two healthy human subjects to evaluate the feasibility of this technique. According to the simulations, there are variations in the temperature contours on the surface of the skin due to the axial variations in thermal parameters between healthy arterial intimae and atherosclerosis plaque. This suggests that far-infrared thermal imaging can be used to detect the marker safely via a noncontact way. Additional parametric studies indicated that the cervicum skin surface temperature distribution discloses the information regarding the plaque such as position, depth, pattern, quantity, and metabolic heat generation, etc. Furthermore, the external thermal conditions and calm physiological state can be implemented to enhance the detection of the plaque via mapping skin temperature. To test this strategy, a far-infrared imaging system was applied to record the dynamic thermal pictures on the cervicum of two human subjects, and the intentional cooling by the alcohol was proposed to improve detection. The thermograph reveals the surface effects of the main blood vessel and organs in the cervicum. The present study sets up a theoretical foundation for using noncontact far-infrared imaging method for a reliable assessment of atherosclerosis plaque without causing any wound or radiation to human body. © 2011 American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

关键词： Blood vessels

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Metamagnetic transition and reversible magnetocaloric effect in antiferromagnetic DyNiGa compound

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第7期29卷 502-505页

作者： Yan-Hong Ding Fan-Zhen Meng Li-Chen Wang Ruo-Shui Liu Jun Shen School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Film Electronic and Communication DevicesTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China Key Laboratory of Cryogenics Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Physics Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Rare-earth(R)-based materials with large reversible magnetocaloric effect(MCE)are attracting much attention as the promising candidates for low temperature magnetic *** the present work,the magnetic properties and MCE of DyNiGa compound with TiNiSi-type orthorhombic structure are studied *** DyNiGa undergoes a magnetic transition from antiferromagnetic(AFM)to paramagnetic state with Néel temperature TN=17 ***,it does not show thermal and magnetic hysteresis,revealing the perfect thermal and magnetic ***,the AFM state can be induced into a ferromagnetic state by a relatively low field,and thus leading to a large reversible MCE,e.g.,a maximum magnetic entropy change(-ΔSM)of 10 J/kg·K is obtained at 18 K under a magnetic field change of 5 ***,the large MCE without thermal or magnetic hysteresis makes the DyNiGa a competitive candidate for magnetic refrigeration of hydrogen liquefaction.

关键词： DyNiGa antiferromagnetic magnetocaloric effect first-order phase transition

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