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Repeat-pass space-surface bistatic SAR tomography:accurate imaging and first experiment

Science China(information Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 245-262页

作者： Zhiyang CHEN Yuanhao LI Cheng HU Shenglei WANG Xinpeng CHEN Mihai DATCU Andrea Virgilio MONTI-GUARNIERI Radar Technology Research Institute School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Advanced Technology Research Institute Beijing Institute of Technology CEOSpace Tech University Politehnica of Bucharest Dipartimento di Elettronica Informazione e Bioingegneria Politecnico di Milano

Space-surface bistatic synthetic aperture radar(SS-BiSAR) offers an additional observation angle for monostatic spaceborne SAR, making it a promising technology for high-accuracy deformation retrieval technology in local regions. Repeat-pass SS-BiSAR tomography can accurately estimate the surfaces of buildings and steep areas, effectively removing terrain phases during deformation retrieving. However, inaccuracies in the orbital ephemeris can lead to image geometry distortion, reducing image pair coherence,introducing interferometric phase errors, and consequently deteriorating tomographic precision. This paper precisely models the image geometry distortion and interferometric phase error caused by repeat-pass ephemeris error. We propose an ephemeris correction method based on the chirp-Z transform to address these issues. Furthermore, we introduce an accurate tomography model to improve 3D reconstruction *** first SS-BiSAR tomography experiment, conducted using the Chinese Lutan-1 satellite, demonstrates that the correlation coefficient is improved by 0.16 after ephemeris error correction. Moreover, the density and precision of the tomographic point cloud are improved by 13.7% and 12.1%, respectively.

关键词： space-surface SAR tomography orbit error image distortion Lutan-1

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A tracking filter algorithm for migratory birds based on group situation constraints 2

A tracking filter algorithm for migratory birds based on gro...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Signal, information and Data processing, ICSIDP 2024

作者： Li, Biao Wang, Rui Cai, Jiong Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology The Radar Research Lab School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515669

Aerial animal migration is closely related to human life, and radar is one of the most effective means of observing it. However, scanning radar has a low data rate, a short integration time, and lacks prior knowledge of target speed, while migratory animals exhibit high mobility. These factors make traditional tracking filter algorithms ineffective at predicting their movement. To address this issue, this paper proposes a tracking filter algorithm based on group dynamics constraints, leveraging the characteristic behavior of migratory animals flying in groups. First, the dynamic state of the group is calculated using the group as the research unit. Then, tracking filtering is performed under the constraint of group dynamics. Simulation and field data have verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Invertebrates

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SAR Tomography with Improved Non-Local Means Filtering Based on Adaptive Window

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Journal of beijing Institute of technology 2023年第6期32卷 670-684页

作者： Shenglei Wang Zhiyang Chen Yuanhao Li Cheng Hu Radar Research Laboratory School of Information and ElectronicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

In order to mitigate speckle noise in synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images and enhance the accuracy of SAR tomography,non-local means(NL-means)filtering has been proven to be an effective method for improving the quality of SAR *** from considerations like noise type and the definition of similarity,the size and shape of filtering windows are critical factors influencing the efficacy of NL-means filtering,yet there has been limited research on this *** paper introduces an enhanced NL-means filtering method based on adaptive windows,allowing for the automatic adjustment of filtering window size according to the amplitude information of the SAR ***,a directional window is incorporated to align SAR interferograms,achieving the dual objective of preserving filtering standards and retaining detailed *** results on interferogram filtering and tomography,based on TerraSAR-X data,demonstrate that the proposed method effectively reduces phase noise while maintaining texture accuracy,thereby improving tomography quality.

关键词： NL-means filter adaptive window SAR interferogram filtering SAR tomography

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An Efficient Transposition Method for Spaceborne SAR Data Based on HBM 2

An Efficient Transposition Method for Spaceborne SAR Data Ba...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Signal, information and Data processing, ICSIDP 2024

作者： Li, Yongrui Lv, HuShan Xu, Ming Chen, Liang Yang, Zhu Xie, Yizhuang Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology Radar Technology Research Institute Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515669

The onboard real-time processing of Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is of great significance for the rapid acquisition of surface information. As a key step of SAR imaging processing, the efficiency of data transposition directly affects the imaging quality and processing speed. In order to solve the problem of traditional double data rate synchronous dynamic random-access memory (DDR SDRAM) limiting the transposition speed, this paper proposes a SAR data transposition method based on high bandwidth memory (HBM). The method makes full use of the high bandwidth and multichannel characteristics of HBM, and significantly improves the transposition speed by optimising the data read/write process, providing a new solution for real-time imaging processing of satellite-borne SAR. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Dynamic random access storage

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A Satellite Data-Driven Coherent Parameters Estimation Method via Hierarchical HGRFT for Distributed Coherent Aperture radar

IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems

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IEEE Transactions on radar Systems 2024年 2卷 791-804页

作者： Li, Pucheng Ding, Zegang Li, Linghao Lv, Linhan Li, Zhe Zhu, Rui Wang, Guanxing Beijing Institute of Technology Radar Research Laboratory School of Information and Electronics Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing401331 China

The distributed coherent aperture radar (DCAR) utilizes full coherent processing (FCP). Compared to single radar unit observations, N radar units can achieve an N3 times increase in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), providing an advantage in observing distant targets. However, its stringent requirements for time and phase of multiple radar units make coherent parameters (CPs) estimation the crucial aspect of FCP. This article introduces a satellite data-driven CPs estimation method via hierarchical and hybrid generalized Radon-Fourier transform (HHGRFT). First, the FCP procedure is outlined, and the signal model with CPs is established. Second, the principles for selecting satellites and observation time in the experimental setup are induced, along with an analysis of the SNR variations during processing. Furthermore, through a hierarchical processing approach using the generalized Radon-Fourier transform (GRFT), interpulse coherence (IPC) processing, interunit-radar coherence (IURC) processing, and inter-subaperture coherent or noncoherent processing are sequentially conducted. The utilization of generalized sharpness (GS) and gradient descent method facilitated CPs estimation, subsequently enhancing the SNR post-coherence processing. Finally, the proposed method has been validated through simulation and successfully applied to a real DCAR system. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Modeling and Analysis of the Impacts of Temporal-Spatial Variant Troposphere on Ground-Based SAR Imaging of Asteroids

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Journal of beijing Institute of technology 2023年第6期32卷 727-739页

作者： Tingting Fu Yuanhao Li Zhiyang Chen Zheng Wu Cheng Hu Radar Research Laboratory School of Information and ElectronicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology the Chongqing Institute of Meteorological Sciences Chongqing 401147China

The near-Earth asteroid collisions could cause catastrophic disasters to humanity and the Earth,so it is crucial to monitor ***-based synthetic aperture radar(SAR)is an observation technique for high resolution imaging of *** ground-based SAR requires a long integration time to achieve a large synthetic aperture,and the echo signal will be seriously affected by temporal-spatial variant *** spatiotemporal freezing tropospheric models are *** cope with this,this paper models and analyses the impacts of temporal-spatial variant troposphere on ground-based SAR imaging of *** the background tropo-sphere,a temporal-spatial variant ray tracing method is proposed to trace the 4D(3D spatial+temporal)refractive index network provided by the numerical weather model,and calculate the error of the background *** the tropospheric turbulence,the Andrew power spectral model is used in conjunction with multiphase screen theory,and varying errors are obtained by tracking the changing position of the pierce point on the phase *** simulation,the impact of temporal-spatial variant tropospheric errors on image quality is analyzed,and the simulation results show that the X-band echo signal is seriously affected by the troposphere and the echo signal must be compensated.

关键词： near-Earth asteroids ground-based SAR troposphere ray tracing

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radar Echo Modeling and Doppler Characteristic Fitting Method for UAVs Based on Multi-Scattering Point Model 2

Radar Echo Modeling and Doppler Characteristic Fitting Metho...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Signal, information and Data processing, ICSIDP 2024

作者： Xu, Li'Ang Jiang, Qi Wang, Rui Zhang, Jichuan Jiao, Longxiang Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology Radar Research Lab School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Beijing Institute of Technology Advanced Technology Research Institute Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515669

The radar echo characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicles provide important information for identification. The radar echoes of various types of UAVs are modeled by the multi-scattering point modeling method. A Doppler characteristic modeling method for unmanned aerial vehicles based on the mixture Gaussian algorithm is proposed, in which the slow-time dimension data are extracted from the Range- Doppler and fitted by the mixture Gaussian algorithm. The parameters of the Gaussian distribution components representing the unmanned aerial vehicle's Doppler spread characteristics are obtained using the algorithm. The simulated radar echoes of the multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle and the flapping-wing unmanned aerial vehicle are used for analysis. The performance of the fitting is acceptable and the way in which various parameters affect the Doppler characteristics is discussed and concluded. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Gaussian distribution

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Modeling and Verification of processing Engines in SAR Imaging SoC 2

Modeling and Verification of Processing Engines in SAR Imagi...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Signal, information and Data processing, ICSIDP 2024

作者： Zhang, Zhihan Yang, Chao Xie, Yizhuang Li, Yongrui Zhang, Ao Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology Radar Research Lab School of Information and Electoronics Beijing China Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515669

With the development of real-time requirements for Synthetic Aperture radar (SAR) imaging technology, SAR imaging processing SoC (System on Chip) has become an important research field at present. The subsystem for SAR imaging processing in the SAR imaging SoC needs to be fully verified during the development process. This article designs a UVM-based random verification environment, focusing on the verification requirements of key computing engines and interaction engines in the SAR imaging processing SoC. At the same time, a modeling method for computing engines and interaction engines is proposed, which can quickly and accurately describe the functions and behaviors of processing engines. Collaborating with the verification environment and the reference C model, the design under test achieves satisfactory coverage results. Consequently, the functionality of the processing engines within the subsystem can be comprehensively and effectively verified. The content studied in this article has certain value for the engineering verification implementation of SAR imaging algorithms in the SoC. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： System-on-chip

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A method for enhancing infrared small target images under complex sky backgrounds 2

A method for enhancing infrared small target images under co...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Signal, information and Data processing, ICSIDP 2024

作者： Xu, Yuhan Tang, Linbo Sun, Haotian Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Radar Research Lab School of Information and Electronics Beijing China Advanced Technology Research Institute Beijing Institute of Technology Jinan250300 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515669

Infrared target detection is currently widely used in both military and civilian fields. Due to the lower resolution of infrared images compared to visible light images and the lack of texture information in small targets, the quality of infrared small target images is often poor and not suitable for direct detection. Therefore, enhancing low-quality infrared small target images is a necessary step before object detection can be performed. This article presents a method for enhancing infrared images of small targets. The process begins with applying guided filtering to the original image. The resulting detail layer is then used as a guided image for a second guided filtering of the base layer, producing a second detail layer. Additionally, a novel approach to local contrast enhancement is introduced, which applies contrast enhancement specifically to this secondary detail layer. Experimental results has been demonstrated that the enhancement method proposed in this paper significantly improves the visibility of the target area while reducing background interference, without losing information about small targets. Additionally, this method outperforms other common techniques in terms of enhancement effect, as shown in comparative experiments. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Wiener filtering

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Lightweight NPU Method Based on Hyper-Threading technology 2

Lightweight NPU Method Based on Hyper-Threading Technology

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Signal, information and Data processing, ICSIDP 2024

作者： Zhang, Ao Li, Yongrui Li, Wenlong Xie, Yizhuang Zhang, Zhihan Yang, Zhu Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-Time Information Processing Technology Radar Research Lab School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Beijing Racobit Electronic Information Technology Co. Ltd Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515669

With the rapid development of deep learning, the processing power of Neural processing Unit(NPU) continues to improve. However, this leads to an increasing scale of logical resources for NPU, making it challenging to deploy NPU on Field-Programmable Gate Array(FPGA). To address this issue and enable the deployment of high-computational-power NPU on FPGA, this paper proposes a lightweight NPU method based on hyper-threading technology, considering the characteristics of NPU hardware architecture. This method effectively reduces the logical resources usage of the NPU while ensuring only a minimal decrease in computational power, thus enabling successful FPGA deployment. The overall experiment is based on the Virtex UltraScale+ HBM VCU128 FPGA platform. After testing, it was found that the NPU, previously undeployable, could be successfully deployed after lightweight processing. The resource usage ratio of LUTs decreased by about 10%, and the computational power only decreased by 4%. In other words, by using this method, the scale of logical resource usage of the NPU was effectively reduced while ensuring a minimal decrease in computational power, improving the deployment situation of the NPU on FPGA. This approach has certain reference value and significance for the lightweight design of NPU. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Integrated circuit design

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