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WoT/SDN:Web of Things architecture Using SDN

China Communications 2015年第11期12卷 177-187页

作者： QIU Xiaofeng LIU Wenmao GAO Teng HE Xinxin WEN Xutao CHEN Pengcheng Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence BUPT NSFocus Security Labs

Wo T(Web of Things) integrates smart devices into Web by reusing and extending Web standards. While Web technology makes the developers' job easier,it faces security,management and efficiency challenges. We propose Wo T/SDN,the architecture of resource oriented Wo T built on SDN(Software Defined network),in which applications could be developed through resource subscription and Mashup with the programmability provided by SDN. The key components are designed,including Security and Management Controller(SMC),various atomic services and resource subscription syntax. Three applications covering device management,data access and security protection are demonstrated. Compared to traditional resource-oriented Wo T systems,our test results show that SDN,with its logically centralized control capability and awareness of flow forwarding,provides new opportunity to improve performance,simplify management and enhance security for Wo T.

关键词： Wo T SDN Controller

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Spatio-temporal GNN-Based Cell-Free Massive MIMO network with Maximal Benefit-Cost Ratio

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Jiang, Jing Li, Yanni Ye, Yinghui Feng, Dan Zhang, Jiayi Sutthiphan, Worakrin Niyato, Dusit Xi'an Uni versity of Posts and Telecommunications Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Information Communication Network and Security Xi'an710121 China Beijing Jiaotong University Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-Speed Railway System Beijing100044 China National Telecommunication Public Company Mobile System Development Department Bangkok10210 Thailand Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Singapore

Due to the network's rapid expansion, mobile networks bear extra high deployment costs. Being a key enabler of 6th generation (6G) mobile networks, it is crucial that cell-free massive MIMO (CF mMIMO) networks achieve green and cost-effective development. In this correspondence, we propose spatio-temporal graph neural networks (STGNN)-based CF mMIMO networks with a maximal benefit-cost ratio. First, we formulate a new coverage cost metric named benefit-cost ratio (BCR), which can evaluate the deployment cost while fulfilling various traffic requirements. Next, CF mMIMO networks are modeled as a spatio-temporal graph to utilize STGNN to extract the spatial-temporal properties of traffic demands. Finally, STGNN optimizes the number and location of access points (APs) based on the maximal BCR criterion so that the CF mMIMO networks can achieve on-demand service capability with minimum deployment cost. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the deployment cost while providing on-demand and high-quality mobile service. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile telecommunication systems

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Performance evaluation of new echo state networks based on complex network

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2012年第1期19卷 87-93页

作者： LIU Xiang CUI Hong-yan ZHOU Tian-jun CHEN Jian-ya Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence Beijing University of Posts and TelecommtmicationsBeijing 100876China

Recently, echo state networks （ESN） have aroused a lot of interest in their nonlinear dynamic system modeling capabilities. In a classical ESN, its dynamic reservoir （DR） has a sparse and random topology, but the performance of ESN with its DR taking another kind of topology is still unknown. So based on complex network theory, three new ESNs are proposed and investigated in this paper. The small-world topology, scale-free topology and the mixed topology of small-world effect and scale-free feature are considered in these new ESNs. We studied the relationship between DR architecture and prediction capability. In our simulation experiments, we used two widely used time series to test the prediction performance among the new ESNs and classical ESN, and used the independent identically distributed （i.i.d） time series to analyze the short-term memory （STM） capability. We answer the following questions： What are the differences of these ESNs in the prediction performance？ Can the spectral radius of the internal weights matrix be wider？ What is the short-term memory capability？ The experimental results show that the proposed new ESNs have better prediction performance, wider spectral radius and almost the same STM capacity as classical ESN＇s.

关键词： ESN complex network time series prediction short-term memory capacity

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Fine-grained analysis of cellular smartphone usage characteristics based on massive network traffic

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2016年第3期23卷 70-75页

作者： Gui Xiaolin Liu Jun Li Chenyu Lv Qiujian Lei Zhenming Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

Increased adoption of smartphones leads to the explosive growth of mobile network traffic. Understanding the traffic characteristics of mobile network is important for Intemet service providers （ISPs） to optimize network resources. In this paper, we conduct a detailed measurement study on the hyper text transfer protocol （HTTP） traffic characteristics of cellular network among different operating systems （OSs） as well as different device-types. Firstly, we propose a probability-based method to identify the installed OS of eacb smartphone. Then we analyze the traffic characteristics of these smartphones in terms of OS and device-type based on a dataset across 31 days （a billing cycle）. Finally, we identify the installed apps of each smartphone and compare the usage of apps on the dimensions of OS and device-type. Our measurement study provides insights for network operators to strategize priciag and resource allocation for their cellular data networks.

关键词： HTTP traffic smartphone OS device-type network measurement

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Latency Minimization Resource Allocation and Trajectory Optimization for UAV-Assisted Cache-Computing network with Energy Recharging

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IEEE Transactions on Communications 2025年

作者： Qin, Peng Wu, Xue Fu, Min Ding, Rui Fu, Yang North China Electric Power University State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Beijing102206 China China Mobile Communications Group Tianjin Co. Ltd Tianjin300308 China China Satellite Network Group Co. Ltd Beijing100029 China

Air-ground integrated network is able to make up for the limitations of small coverage as well as fixed resource deployment of ground 5G network and provide flexible services via edge computing. However, duplicated data may be offloaded to edge server, resulting in waste of network resources. In the meantime, due to the limited on-board energy storage of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the endurance and trajectory optimization of UAV need to be focused on. Moreover, the high dynamics of network nodes will lead to the dilemma of information uncertainty and curse of dimensionality. In order to tackle the above challenges, we design a UAV-assisted heterogeneous cache-computing network model, among which, devices are divided into two categories: the request ground device (RGD) which requires task offloading and the free ground device (FGD) which can process offloaded tasks from the RGD through the device-to-device (D2D) link. Then we formulate a problem of jointly optimizing cache strategy, task segmentation, computing resource allocation and UAV trajectory planning to minimize the system latency constrained by UAV energy recharging. Due to the coexistence of discrete and continuous variables as well as coupling between long-term energy constraint and short-term decision making, we decompose it into two sub-problems. Low complexity matching algorithm is used to select the optimal UAV task caching strategy, while Lyapunov optimization is leveraged to decompose the second sub-problem, for which CVX is utilized to solve the task segmentation and local computing resource allocation, and soft actor-critic (SAC) approach is used to realize the computing resource allocation of FGD and UAV plus trajectory planning. Extensive simulation results showcase the advantages of our algorithm in reducing the system latency compared to benchmarks. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Based QoE-perceptive network selection of video applications in WLAN

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Journal of Information and Computational Science 2015年第13期12卷 5109-5117页

作者： Zhang, Hongchun Lu, Zhaoming Hu, Zhiqun Wen, Xiangming Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

Wireless Local Area networks (WLAN) is becoming increasingly important. But it is difficult for users to select the best target network for connection in WLAN. For multimedia applications, Quality of Experience (QoE) is an essential measurement for network evaluation, and particularly video applications need the guarantee of QoE. However, many proposed schemes do not take QoE into account. Therefore, a novel network selection mechanism for video applications that takes QoE into consideration is proposed. Users detect the states of the channel and the resource utilization and calculate the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), then use the mapping model to obtain QoE. This mechanism uses QoE in candidate networks as an indicator to select the best target Access Point (AP) network. The simulation results illustrate that QoE of video applications satisfies users' requirement, and the network throughput is greatly improved. ©, 2015, Journal of Information and Computational Science. All right reserved.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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Self-adaptive genetic algorithm for LTE backhaul network

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Journal of networks 2014年第3期9卷 682-688页

作者： Li, Li Song, Hui Chen, Jianya Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

Mobile communication evolution from 2G, 3G to LTE shows a broadband and IP-oriented trend and the architecture of LTE backhaul network turns to be flat. In order to fit these new features, layer 3 routing technology has to be adopted in backhaul network and needs to be modified to fit it. In this paper, a new algorithm, named Self-Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (SAGA), is proposed to meet the demand of providing a highly efficient and QoS guaranteed routing scheme for LTE backhaul network. It can be used in Open Shortest Path First protocol (OSPF) as the core path selection algorithm. It is based on traditional genetic algorithm(GA) but improves the population initialization process in it as well as proposes a new fitness calculation function for it. Simulation verifies it can balance not only the traffic of network but also the load of MME pools, which improves the utility efficiency of the whole network. © 2014 ACADEMY PUBLISHER.

关键词： Quality of service

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Interference alignment and spatially-normalized degrees of freedom of cellular networks with two cells and three users per cell

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Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2013年第SUPPL -2期20卷 86-91页

作者： Song, Xiao-Shi Yin, Chang-Chuan Liu, Dan-Pu Li, Jian-Feng Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

This paper characterizes the spatially-normalized degrees of freedom (DoF) of a 2-cell, 3-user per cell multiple input multiple output (MIMO) cellular networks with M antennas at each user and N antennas at each base station. We show that the spatially-normalized DoF is a piecewise linear function, with either M or N being the bottleneck. Given γ = M / N, we shown that for γ A Δ {1/ 3,1/ 2,2 / 3} there is redundancy in both M and N, i.e., either can be reduced without losing spatially-normalized DoF. On the other hand, for γ B Δ {1/6, 2/5, 5/9, }it is shown that there is no redundancy in either M or N, i.e, neither can be reduced without losing spatially-normalized DoF. Our results also settle the issue of feasibility of linear interference alignment for all values of M and N. Specifically, it is shown that except forγ B for every other γ, the proper systems are actually not feasible. © 2013 The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications.

关键词： Redundancy

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Mode switch between SFN and PTP for multicast services in LTE networks

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2012年第5期19卷 87-91页

作者：汪敏冯春燕张天魁 Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

The multimedia broadcast and multicast services (MBMS) in 3GPP LTE is characterized by multicast broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN) operation. The multicast services are transmitted by single frequency network (SFN) mode, and the unicast services are delivered with point-to-point (PTP) mode. To minimize the demanded radio resources for multicast services in the LTE, a novel mode switch (MS) between SFN and PTP for multicast services is proposed. MS takes into account PTP mode for multicast services and the switch is based on the handover threshold. To solve the minimization problem, MS adapts the handover threshold with the difference in the demanded radio resources between SFN mode and PTP mode for multicast services. The simulation results show that the proposed MS achieves less demanded radio resources than SFN mode for all the multicast services.

关键词： multimedia broadcast and multicast services single frequency network point-to-point handover threshold

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Privacy-Preserving IoT Image Transmission: Multi-Stage SVD Data Embedding and Heatmap Alignment

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Du, Kaixin Ma, Bin Yang, Meihong Wang, Xiaoyu Li, Xiaolong Jinan250353 China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security Jinan250101 China Beijing Jiaotong University School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing100044 China

The images transmitted by IoT devices, particularly those used for surveillance or sensor data, are vulnerable to malicious screenshots and unauthorized access, leading to potential privacy breaches. To address this, we propose a multi-stage Singular Value Decomposition (SVD)-based robust data-hiding scheme for JPEG images aimed at mitigating screenshot attacks. The method exploits the decorrelation properties of the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) to preprocess the carrier image, facilitating the selection of specific frequency coefficients. These coefficients undergo a dual-stage SVD transformation, where dimensionality reduction reduces the impact of noise from non-critical image regions. Additionally, we optimize Grad-CAM heatmap generation to better align with human visual perception, enabling the identification of stable and reliable feature regions for embedding secret information. This approach ensures that the visual integrity of the carrier image is maintained while preserving the legibility of the embedded information, even under *** method enhances both the visual fidelity of the carrier image and the robustness of the embedded information. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms existing methods, achieving at least a 5% improvement in confidential information extraction accuracy and a data extraction rate exceeding 95% across screenshot angles ranging from -40∘ to 40∘. Extensive evaluations confirm the superior performance, efficiency, and security of our method in mitigating screenshot attacks, showcasing its broad applicability to various image formats and resilience to distortions. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Discrete cosine transforms

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