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Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a:A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 218-236页

作者： Wenda Zhang Weimin Yuan Zhixing Ling Yong Chen Nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai Huaqing Cheng Francesco Coti Zelati Lixin Dai Jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan Jin Dongyue Li Paul O’Brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng Wang Lei Yang Bing Zhang Chen Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang Yonghe Zhang Jie An David Buckley Alexis Coleiro Bertrand Cordier Liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris Zhou Fan Hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo Lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers Weihua Lei Wenxiong Li Bifang Liu Mingjun Liu Xing Liu Yuan Liu Zhu Liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal Nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria Lian Tao Junfeng Wang Song Wang Tinggui Wang Zhongxiang Wang Qingwen Wu Xuefeng Wu Dong Xu Yanjun Xu Suijian Xue Yongquan Xue Zijian Zhang Zipei Zhu Hu Zou Congying Bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen Wei Chen Yehai Chen Yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui Weiwei Cui Yanfeng Dai Dongwei Fan Ju Guan Dawei Han Dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai Huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia Bowen Jiang Ge Jin Chengkui Li Junfei Li Longhui Li Maoshun Li Wei Li Zhengda Li Tianying Lian Congzhan Liu Heyang Liu Huaqiu Liu Fangjun Lu Laidan Luo Jia Ma Xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan Liming Song Hui Sun Yunyin Tan Qingjun Tang Yihan Tao Hao Wang Juan Wang Lei Wang Wenxin Wang Yilong Wang Yusa Wang Qinyu Wu Haitao Xu Jingjing Xu Xinpeng Xu Yunfei Xu Zhao Xu Changbin Xue Yulong Xue Ailiang Yan Haonan Yang Xiongtao Yang Yanji Yang Juan Zhang Mo Zhang Wenjie Zhang Zhen Zhang Zhen Zhang Ziliang Zhang Donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao Hongyan Zhou Yilin Zhou Yuxuan Zhu Zhencai Zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Space Sciences(ICE) CSICBarcelona E-08193Spain Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya(IEEC) Barcelona E-08034Spain Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Garching 85748Germany Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Department of Physics University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicester LE17RHUK School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Department of Physics Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China Physics Department Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las VegasLas Vegas NV 89154USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las VegasLas Vegas NV 89154USA South African Astronomical Observatory Cape Town 7935South Africa Department of Astronomy University of Cape TownRondebosch 7701South Africa Department of Physics University of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa Universit´e Paris Cit´e CNRSAstroparticule et CosmologieParis F-75013France Universit´e Paris Cit´e CEA Paris-SaclayIRFU/DAp-AIMGif-sur-Yvette 91191France Department of Astronomy Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Cosmic Dawn Center(DAWN) Copenhagen 2200Denmark Niels Bohr Institute University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2200Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgersthe State University of New JerseyPiscataway NJ 08854-8019USA Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of TokyoKashiwa City 277-8582Japan ESA/ESTEC Noordwijk 2201 AZThe Netherlands Department of Astronom

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe(EP)and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,NICER,GROND,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope(WXT)on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for 12 *** flare reached a peak flux of 3:9×10^(−9) erg cm^(−2) s^(−1) in 0.5-4 keV,∼300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and NICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 keV,with a power-law photon index varying within *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for∼4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable∼10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of∼10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients Einstein Probe

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A Simple Approach to Data-driven Security Detection for Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

A Simple Approach to Data-driven Security Detection for Indu...

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Chinese control and Decision Conference, CCDC

作者： Bin Liu Jingzhao Chen Yong Hu Engineering Research Center of Metallurgical Automation and Measurement Technology Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Information Science and Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Science and Technology on Space Intelligent Control Laboratory Beijing Institute of Control Engineering Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665478977

In this paper, a data-driven security detection approach is proposed in a simple manner. The detector is designed to deal with false data injection attacks suffered by industrial cyber-physical systems with unknown model information. First, the attacks are modeled from the perspective of the generalized plant mismatch, rather than the operating data being tampered. Second, some subsystems are selected to reduce the design complexity of the detector, and based on them, an output estimator with iterative form is presented in a theoretical way. Then, a security detector is constructed based on the proposed estimator and its cost function. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified by simulations of a Western States Coordinated Council 9-bus power system.

关键词： Estimation Detectors Cyber-physical systems Cost function Data models power systems Complexity theory

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Applications of MXenes in human-like sensors and actuators

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Nano research 2023年第4期16卷 5767-5795页

作者： Jinbo Pang Songang Peng Chongyang Hou Xiao Wang Ting Wang Yu Cao Weijia Zhou Ding Sun Kai Wang Mark H.Rümmeli Gianaurelio Cuniberti Hong Liu Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of ShandongUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01069Germany Dresden Center for Computational Materials Science Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany Dresden Center for Intelligent Materials(GCL DCIM) Technische Universität DresdenDresden 01062Germany High-Frequency High-Voltage Device and Integrated Circuits R&D Center Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Microelectronic Devices&Integrated Technology Institute of MicroelectronicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nanobiomechanics Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking Qilu University of TechnologyShandong Academy of SciencesJinan 250353China School of Bioengineering Qilu University of TechnologyShandong Academy of ScienceJinan 250353China Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control&Renewable Energy Technology(Ministry of Education) Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132012China School of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power UniversityJilin 132012China School of Electrical Engineering Weihai Innovation Research InstituteQingdao UniversityQingdao 266000China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Jilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchun 130118China Institute for Complex Materials Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden(IFW Dresden)20 Helmholtz StrasseDresden 01069Germany College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Key L

Human beings perceive the world through the senses of sight,hearing,smell,taste,touch,space,and *** first five senses are prerequisites for people to *** sensing organs upload information to the nervous systems,including the brain,for interpreting the surrounding ***,the brain sends commands to muscles reflexively to react to stimuli,including light,gas,chemicals,sound,and ***,as an emerging two-dimensional material,has been intensively adopted in the applications of various sensors and *** this review,we update the sensors to mimic five primary senses and actuators for stimulating muscles,which employ MXene-based film,membrane,and composite with other functional ***,a brief introduction is delivered for the structure,properties,and synthesis methods of ***,we feed the readers the recent reports on the MXene-derived image sensors as artificial retinas,gas sensors,chemical biosensors,acoustic devices,and tactile sensors for electronic ***,the actuators of MXene-based composite are ***,future opportunities are given to MXene research based on the requirements of artificial intelligence and humanoid robot,which may induce prospects in accompanying healthcare and biomedical engineering applications.

关键词： MXenes sensors actuators gas sensors biosensors tactile sensors sound sensors artificial retina

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research on reliability of multi-channel distributed intelligent distribution architecture

Research on reliability of multi-channel distributed intelli...

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Science and technology Innovation (IAECST), International Academic Exchange Conference on

作者： Sha Zheng Zhen Liu Junbiao Shi Ly Li Xueyuan Si Wenyang Liu Beijing Spacecraft China Technology Corporation And Control Engineering Aerospace Science and Beijing Space Power ConversionResearch Center Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665402682

Aerospace high reliability complex power supply and distribution products are an important part of satellite system, and their reliability is related to the safety of the whole satellite and ship. The traditional task planning and health management take remote control and telemetry as the main means to complete the on orbit operation status monitoring and management of the system by telemetering the characteristic parameters of the power supply and distribution unit. The traditional on-board test equipment and corresponding parameters of the distribution path defined by the hardware connection increase significantly with the expansion of the system. Conventional distribution path design has low margin in technical indicators such as maintainability, scalability and reliability, as well as software definable. This paper decouples the traditional architecture of existing hardware defined distribution path. A variety of different levels of electrical equipment are integrated in a small volume at the same time. In order to avoid permanent damage to the power supply and distribution bus caused the fault of electrical equipment connected to the power network. The fault was removed and avoided to complete the reliability calculation of the architecture. The architecture design ensure the distribution of power for the key loads completed by the core tasks, which has become the forward direction of aerospace reliability under the new development situation.

关键词： Satellites power supplies Computer architecture Switches Reliability engineering Software Hardware

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Optimal bidding strategy for virtual power plants considering the feasible region of vehicle-to-grid

Energy Conversion and Economics

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Energy conversion and Economics 2020年第3期1卷 238-250页

作者： Wang, Zihan Gao, Jie Zhao, Ruina Wang, Jianxiao Li, Gengyin School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing China China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co. Ltd Tianjin China National Power Dispatching and Control Center Beijing China

With the rapid development of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, the use of the internet of things and advanced information technology to achieve the optimal dispatch of large-scale plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has become an important focus of scientific research and engineering practice worldwide. In order to achieve a balance between mass distributed energy resources and the secure and economic operation of the power grid, the authors propose an optimal market bidding strategy for a virtual power plant considering the feasible region of V2G. A detailed battery model considering the V2G mode of PEVs is established. A two-stage stochastic optimisation model for the virtual power plant considering massive volumes of PEVs is built, taking into account the day-ahead market revenue and the costs brought about by real-time market deviations. Three bidding strategies—PEVs charging immediately after arrival, without V2G, and considering V2G—are compared using case studies to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Through the complete interaction between PEVs and the virtual power plant, this V2G-based strategy can coordinate distributed energy resources, promote the accommodation of renewable energy, and significantly improve the economy of the virtual power plant operation. © 2020 The Authors. Energy conversion and Economics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and technology and the State Grid Economic & Technological research Institute Co., Ltd.

关键词： Virtual power Plants

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Rapid Prediction Model of Equivalent Thermal Conductivity of Plain Weave Fabric in space Environment

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Qin, Jiaxing Wu, Jiawen Mu, Lei Zhang, Biao Li, Jian Xu, Chuanlong National Engineering Research Center of Power Generation Control and Safety School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Nanjing210096 China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics & Numerical Mathematics Beijing100076 China

The prediction of effective thermal conductivity of aerospace insulation materials is crucial for insulation design and radiation characteristics control of space targets. In this paper, a rapid and accurate prediction model is proposed for the effective thermal conductivity of plain weave fabrics in space environments. This model assumes that the cross-sectional shape and bending degree of yarns within aerospace fabrics remain unchanged. To represent the structural characteristics of the plain weave fabric, a dimensionless parameter called "[[EQUATION]]" is defined. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the effects of fabric structure, temperature, and yarn thermal properties on the effective thermal conductivity of multilayer fabrics. Three parameters are identified as the most influential factors for the effective thermal conductivity of plain weave fabrics: the structural parameter [[EQUATION]], and the axial and radial thermal conductivities of yarns. Based on extensive simulation data, an empirical formula is proposed for the rapid prediction of the effective thermal conductivity of plain weave fabrics. Moreover, polyester, cotton, and wool plain weave fabric samples are tested for their thermal conductivity in a vacuum environment. The predicted results from the empirical formula proposed in this study exhibit a deviation of less than 6% when compared to experimental measurements. This study can provide valuable insights for the design of plain weave fabrics used in aerospace insulation materials. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Yarn

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A Nonresonant Hybridized Electromagnetic-Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Irregular and Ultralow Frequency Blue Energy Harvesting

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research 2021年第1期2021卷 304-315页

作者： Weibo Xie Lingxiao Gao Lingke Wu Xin Chen Fayang Wang Daqiao Tong Jian Zhang Jianyu Lan Xiaobin He Xiaojing Mu Ya Yang State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology&Systems Ministry of Education International R&D Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials TechnologyChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China College of Aerospace Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power SourceShanghai 200245China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center on Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi 530004China

As a promising renewable energy source,it is a challenging task to obtain blue energy,which is irregular and has an ultralow frequency,due to the limitation of ***,a nonresonant hybridized electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator was presented to efficiently obtain the ultralow frequency *** instrument adopted the flexible pendulum structure with a precise design and combined the working principle of electromagnetism and triboelectricity to realize the all-directional vibration energy acquisition *** results confirmed that the triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)had the potential to deliver the maximum power point of about 470μW while the electromagnetic nanogenerator(EMG)can provide 523 mW at *** conversion efficiency of energy of the system reached 48.48%,which exhibited a remarkable improvement by about 2.96 times,due to the elastic buffering effect of the TENG with the double helix ***,its ability to collect low frequency wave energy was successfully proven by a buoy in Jialing *** woke provides an effective candidate to harvest irregular and ultralow frequency blue energy on a large scale.

关键词： generator precise instrument

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Constructing“π–π”Reinforced Bridge Carbon Nanofibers with Highly Active Co‑N/C@pyridine N/C@CNTs Sites as Free‑Standing Bifunctional Oxygen Electrodes for Zn–Air Batteries

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2024年第4期6卷 1108-1121页

作者： Tuo Lu Nengneng Xu Liyuan Guo Benji Zhou Lingyu Dai Woochul Yang Guicheng Liu Joong Kee Lee Jinli Qiao State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and College of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Department of Physics Dongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206People’s Republic of China Energy Storage Research Center and Clean Energy Institute Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea

Rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs)have received extensive attention,while their real applications are highly restricted by the slow kinetics of the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR/OER).Herein,we report a“bridge”structured flexible self-supporting bifunctional oxygen electrode(CNT@Co-CNFF50-900)with strong active and stable Co-N/C@pyridine N/C@CNTs reaction *** from the electron distribution optimization and the advantages of hierarchical catalytic design,the CNT@Co-CNF_(F50-900)electrode had superior ORR/OER activity with a small potential gap(ΔE)of 0.74 *** by highly graphitized carbon and the“π-π”bond,the free-standing CNT@Co-CNFF50-900 electrode exhibited outstanding catalytic stability with only 36 mV ***,the CNT@Co-CNFF50-900-based liquid ZAB showed a high power density of 371 mW cm^(−2),a high energy density of 894 Wh kg^(−1),and a long cycling life of over 130 *** assembled quasi-solid-state ZAB also demonstrated a high power density,attaining 81 mW cm^(−2),with excellent charge-discharge durability beyond 100 h and extremely high flexibility under the multi-angle *** study provides an effective electrospinning solution for integrating high-efficiency electrocatalysts and electrodes for energy storage and conversion devices.

关键词： Electrospinning MOF-derived carbon tube Bifunctional oxygen catalytic electrode “Bridge”structure Zn–air battery

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A Lithium-Ion Battery Group AC Self-Heating Approach Based on Multi-Active-Bridge Converter

A Lithium-Ion Battery Group AC Self-Heating Approach Based o...

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IEEE International Conference on Industrial Electronics for Sustainable Energy Systems (IESES)

作者： Lianzhong Wang Haojun Qin Zhikang Li Yanshu Wang Chengbin Ma Ming Liu National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Reliability Technology of Energy Internet Intelligent Terminal Core Chip Beijing Smart-Chip Microelectronics Tech. Co. Ltd Beijing China UM-SJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. Shanghai China Department of Electrical Engineering Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ. Shanghai China

Lithium-ion battery is playing an increasingly important role as an energy storage system in today's power systems. Pre-heating of the Lithium-ion is significant for the operation safety and state of health, when the operation temperature is really low. This paper analyzes the impedance model of Lithium-ion batteries, selects the frequency of pure ohmic resistance as the frequency of the AC heating current, and proposes a method for self-heating the AC current generated by the Multi-Active-Bridge (MAB) converter. Finally, a 4-port MAB converter is established to verify the above self-heating mechanism.

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research on Peak Current Mode control Method of Battery Discharge Regulator 2019

Research on Peak Current Mode Control Method of Battery Disc...

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Proceedings of the 2019 2nd International Conference on control and Robot technology

作者： Zheng Yan Zhao Wen-jie Chen Yong-gang Zhang Guo-shuai Wan Cheng-an Beijing Spacecraft China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Beijing Space Power Conversion and Control Engineering Research Center Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450372527

By analyzing the working characteristics of the battery discharge regulators on satellites and selecting the Weinberg converter as the topology of the main power stage, the basic principles of each operating mode of the Weinberg converter are given. The advantages of introducing the peak current control mode are analyzed theoretically. In order to analyze the stability of the battery discharge regulator, a small-signal model of the power stage and control stage based on the peak current mode under continuous inductor current conditions was established using the state space averaging method, and the loop gains of the current inner loop and the voltage outer loop were deduced, and gives compensator design method. Finally, a 600W battery discharge regulator was taken as an example to obtain the stability analysis results before and after system compensation. The correctness of the theoretical analysis was verified by the load mutation experiment. The control method of this paper can also be extended to the power system.

关键词： discharge regulator Weinberg converter small-signal model stability power control system peak current

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