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arXiv 2021年

作者： Fu, Xingcheng Li, Jianxin Wu, Jia Sun, Qingyun Ji, Cheng Wang, Senzhang Tan, Jiajun Peng, Hao Yu, Philip S. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing100191 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Department of Computing Macquarie University Sydney Australia School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely studied in various graph data mining tasks. Most existing GNNs embed graph data into Euclidean space and thus are less effective to capture the ubiquitous hierarchical structures in real-world networks. Hyperbolic Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs) extend GNNs to hyperbolic space and thus are more effective to capture the hierarchical structures of graphs in node representation learning. In hyperbolic geometry, the graph hierarchical structure can be reflected by the curvatures of the hyperbolic space, and different curvatures can model different hierarchical structures of a graph. However, most existing HGNNs manually set the curvature to a fixed value for simplicity, which achieves a suboptimal performance of graph learning due to the complex and diverse hierarchical structures of the graphs. To resolve this problem, we propose an Adaptive Curvature Exploration Hyperbolic Graph Neural Network named ACE-HGNN to adaptively learn the optimal curvature according to the input graph and downstream tasks. Specifically, ACE-HGNN exploits a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework and contains two agents, ACE-Agent and HGNN-Agent for learning the curvature and node representations, respectively. The two agents are updated by a Nash Q-leaning algorithm collaboratively, seeking the optimal hyperbolic space indexed by the curvature. Extensive experiments on multiple real-world graph datasets demonstrate a significant and consistent performance improvement in model quality with competitive performance and good generalization ability. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Higher-Order Attribute-Enhancing Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Jianxin Peng, Hao Cao, Yuwei Dou, Yingtong Zhang, Hekai Yu, Philip S. He, Lifang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing100083 China the Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States School of Information Science and Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao066004 China the Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lehigh University BethlehemPA18015 United States

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been widely used in deep learning on graphs. They can learn effective node representations that achieve superior performances in graph analysis tasks such as node classification and node clustering. However, most methods ignore the heterogeneity in real-world graphs. Methods designed for heterogeneous graphs, on the other hand, fail to learn complex semantic representations because they only use meta-paths instead of meta-graphs. Furthermore, they cannot fully capture the content-based correlations between nodes, as they either do not use the self-attention mechanism or only use it to consider the immediate neighbors of each node, ignoring the higher-order neighbors. We propose a novel Higher-order Attribute-Enhancing (HAE) framework that enhances node embedding in a layer-by-layer manner. Under the HAE framework, we propose a Higher-order Attribute-Enhancing Graph Neural Network (HAEGNN) for heterogeneous network representation learning. HAEGNN simultaneously incorporates meta-paths and meta-graphs for rich, heterogeneous semantics, and leverages the self-attention mechanism to explore content-based nodes’ interactions. The unique higher-order architecture of HAEGNN allows examining the first-order as well as higher-order neighborhoods. Moreover, HAEGNN shows good explainability as it learns the importances of different meta-paths and meta-graphs. HAEGNN is also memory-efficient, for it avoids per meta-path based matrix calculation. Experimental results not only show HAEGNN’s superior performance against the state-of-the-art methods in node classification, node clustering, and visualization, but also demonstrate its superiorities in terms of memory efficiency and explainability. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Multi-stage network embedding for exploring heterogeneous edges

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Huang, Hong Song, Yu Ye, Fanghua Xie, Xing Shi, Xuanhua Jin, Hai The National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology Service Computing Technology and System Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom Microsoft Research Asia Beijing China

The relationships between objects in a network are typically diverse and complex, leading to the heterogeneous edges with different semantic information. In this paper, we focus on exploring the heterogeneous edges for network representation learning. By considering each relationship as a view that depicts a specific type of proximity between nodes, we propose a multi-stage non-negative matrix factorization (MNMF) model, committed to utilizing abundant information in multiple views to learn robust network representations. In fact, most existing network embedding methods are closely related to implicitly factorizing the complex proximity matrix. However, the approximation error is usually quite large, since a single low-rank matrix is insufficient to capture the original information. Through a multi-stage matrix factorization process motivated by gradient boosting, our MNMF model achieves lower approximation error. Meanwhile, the multi-stage structure of MNMF gives the feasibility of designing two kinds of non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) manners to preserve network information better. The united NMF aims to preserve the consensus information between different views, and the independent NMF aims to preserve unique information of each view. Concrete experimental results on realistic datasets indicate that our model outperforms three types of baselines in practical applications. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Non-negative matrix factorization

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FedEMA: Federated Exponential Moving Averaging with Negative Entropy Regularizer in Autonomous Driving

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Kou, Wei-Bin Zhu, Guangxu Cheng, Bingyang Wang, Shuai Tang, Ming Wu, Yik-Chung Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Shenzhen International Center For Industrial And Applied Mathematics Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China

Street Scene Semantic Understanding (denoted as S3U) is a crucial but complex task for autonomous driving (AD) vehicles. Their inference models typically face poor generalization due to domain-shift. Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing the generalization of AD models through privacy-preserving distributed learning. However, these FL AD models face significant temporal catastrophic forgetting when deployed in dynamically evolving environments, where continuous adaptation causes abrupt erosion of historical knowledge. This paper proposes Federated Exponential Moving Average (FedEMA), a novel framework that addresses this challenge through two integral innovations: (I) Server-side model’s historical fitting capability preservation via fusing current FL round’s aggregation model and a proposed previous FL round’s exponential moving average (EMA) model;(II) Vehicle-side negative entropy regularization to prevent FL models’ possible overfitting to EMA-introduced temporal patterns. Above two strategies empower FedEMA a dual-objective optimization that balances model generalization and adaptability. In addition, we conduct theoretical convergence analysis for the proposed FedEMA. Extensive experiments both on Cityscapes dataset and Camvid dataset demonstrate FedEMA’s superiority over existing approaches, showing 7.12% higher mean Intersection-over-Union (mIoU). © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

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Preface

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Lecture Notes in Electrical engineering 2023年 1027 LNEE卷 xi-xii页

作者： Dubey, Ashwani Kumar Chong, Peter Han Joo Sugumaran, Vijayan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Amity School of Engineering and Technology Amity University Uttar Pradesh Noida India School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand Department of Decision and Information Sciences Center for Data Science and Big Data Analytics Oakland University RochesterMI United States

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Addressing information gaps in household waste sorting using a mobile application

Addressing information gaps in household waste sorting using...

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ASME 2019 International Design engineering Technical Conferences and computers and Information in engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2019

作者： Pagels, Kelvin Østergaard Rasmussen, Mikkel Bayard Ramanujan, Devarajan Electrical and Computer Engineering Section Department of Engineering Aarhus University Aarhus C8000 Denmark Mechanical Engineering Section Department of Engineering Center for Digitalization Big Data and Data Analytics Aarhus University Aarhus C8000 Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9780791859223

The Danish government has outlined a target of recycling 50% of total household waste by the year 2022. Improving household waste sorting is an important consideration towards achieving this goal. This paper focuses on understanding existing waste sorting practices among Danish residents and exploring whether a mobile application can help address any existing information gaps. We conducted a preliminary survey (N = 180) that assessed preference for sorting strategies and the types of waste sorted. Following this a more detailed survey was conducted (N = 357) that assessed residents’ motivation to sort household waste, knowledge of local sorting requirements, information gaps that prevent effective sorting, and need for specific features in a mobile application. Results show over one-third of respondents felt they needed additional waste sorting information. Respondents had fewer inaccuracies disposing items within a single waste stream (e.g., electronics waste) compared to items with mixed waste streams (e.g., milk carton with a plastic cap). Based on these findings we propose the design of a mobile application that can potentially improve household waste sorting. Copyright © 2019 ASME.

关键词： Surveys

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Adaptive disentangled target representation for unsupervised domain adaptation in remote sensing segmentation

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engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 2025年 156卷

作者： Lu, Runuo Dong, Shoubin Jia, Jianxin Wang, Xusheng Liu, Kai Chen, Jinsong Guo, Shanxin Zheng, Xiaorou Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Big Data Intelligent Analysis School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou510641 China Department of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Finnish Geospatial Research Institute EspooFI-02150 Finland Center for Geo-Spatial Information Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Ocean Environmental Big Data Analysis and Application Shenzhen518055 China

Due to the significant differences between the source and target domains, semantic segmentation models for remote sensing images trained on the source domain often struggle to generalize effectively to new target domains, leading to performance degradation. Most solutions disentangle features into domain-invariant features shared by both domains and domain-specific features unique to each domain, relying primarily on the domain-invariant features for model construction and inference. However, during this process, critical domain-specific features as essential information are often discarded as noise, leading to a reduction in segmentation accuracy. To address these issues, this study proposes an unsupervised domain adaptation, called ChameleonRS. ChameleonRS separates the domain-invariant features and the domain-specific features by disentanglement learning, and introduces a multi-level feature alignment module to enhance the representation of domain-invariant features. More importantly, it aligns predictions based on domain-invariant features with those based on fused invariant and specific features using contrastive learning, effectively capturing target-specific features. This study explores two cross-domain semantic segmentation tasks: (I) Geographic location variation. (II) Geographic location and imaging mode variation. Results show that under setting (I), ChameleonRS outperforms the state-of-the-art method by 4.79% in Intersection over Union (IoU) and 6.51% in the F1 score. Under setting (II), it achieves improvements of 4.46% and 4.82% in IoU and F1 score. Results demonstrate the superiority and adaptability of ChameleonRS under varying geographical and imaging conditions, effectively mitigating the generalization issues caused by distribution differences, and thereby promoting the development and application of remote sensing technologies in practical scenarios. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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A Brief Review of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Sadeghi, Zahra Alizadehsani, Roohallah Cifci, Mehmet Akif Kausar, Samina Rehman, Rizwan Mahanta, Priyakshi Bora, Pranjal Kumar Almasri, Ammar Alkhawaldeh, Rami S. Hussain, Sadiq Alatas, Bilal Shoeibi, Afshin Moosaei, Hossein Hladík, Milan Nahavandi, Saeid Pardalo, Panos M. Institute for Big Data Analytics Faculty of Computer Science Dalhousie University Canada Deakin University Geelong Australia The Institute of Computer Technology Tu Wien University Vienna1040 Austria University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir Azad Kashmir Kotli Pakistan Centre for Computer Science and Applications Dibrugarh University Assam India Department of Management Information Sys Al-Balqa Applied University Salt19117 Jordan Department of Computer Information Systems The University of Jordan Aqaba77110 Jordan Examination Branch Dibrugarh University Assam Dibrugarh India Department of Software Eng. Firat University Elazig23100 Turkey Data Science and Computational Intelligence Institute University of Granada Spain Department of Informatics Faculty of Science Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic Department of Applied Mathematics School of Computer Science Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague Czech Republic Harvard Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University AllstonMA02134 United States Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia Center for Applied Optimization Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Florida Gainesville32611 United States

XAI refers to the techniques and methods for building AI applications which assist end users to interpret output and predictions of AI models. Black box AI applications in high-stakes decision-making situations, such as medical domain have increased the demand for transparency and explainability since wrong predictions may have severe consequences. Model explainability and interpretability are vital successful deployment of AI models in healthcare practices. AI applications' underlying reasoning needs to be transparent to clinicians in order to gain their trust. This paper presents a systematic review of XAI aspects and challenges in the healthcare domain. The primary goals of this study are to review various XAI methods, their challenges, and related machine learning models in healthcare. The methods are discussed under six categories: Features-oriented methods, global methods, concept models, surrogate models, local pixel-based methods, and human-centric methods. Most importantly, the paper explores XAI role in healthcare problems to clarify its necessity in safety-critical applications. The paper intends to establish a comprehensive understanding of XAI-related applications in the healthcare field by reviewing the related experimental results. To facilitate future research for filling research gaps, the importance of XAI models from different viewpoints and their limitations are investigated. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Advances in artificial intelligence techniques drive the application of radiomics in the clinical research of hepatocellular carcinoma

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iLIVER 2022年第1期1卷 49-54页

作者： Jingwei Wei Meng Niu Ouyang Yabo Yu Zhou Xiaoke Ma Xue Yang Hanyu Jiang Hui Hui Hongyi Cao Binwei Duan Hongjun Li Dawei Ding Jie Tian Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Beijing 100190China Department of Interventional Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning110000China Beijing YouAn Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HepatologyBeijing100069China School of Life Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi'anChina School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina Department of Radiology Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniverstiyBeijing100069China Department of Radiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Pathology College of Basic Medical ScienceChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning110000China The Department of General Surgery Center Beijing YouAn HospitalCapital Medical UniversityChina School of Bioengineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine School of Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and TechnologyXidian UniversityXi'anShaanxi710126China

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains the most common malignancy to threaten public health *** advances in artificial intelligence techniques,radiomics for HCC management provides a novel perspective to solve unmet needs in clinical settings,and reveals pixel-level radiological information for medical imaging big data,correlating the radiological phenotype with targeted clinical *** radiomics pipelines depend on handcrafted engineering features,and further deep learning-based radiomics pipelines are supplemented with deep features calculated via self-learning *** the past decade,radiomics has been widely applied in accurate diagnoses and pathological or biological behavior evaluation,as well as in prognosis *** this review,we systematically introduce the main pipelines of artificial intelligence-based radiomics and their efficacy in the clinical studies of HCC.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Diagnosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Prognosis Radiomics

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Progressive Dual Priori Network for Generalized Breast Tumor Segmentation

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Li Wang, Lihui Kuai, Zixiang Tang, Lei Ou, Yingfeng Ye, Chen Zhu, Yuemin Wu, Min Shi, Tianliang Engineering Research Center of Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medical Image Analysis and Precise Diagnosis of Guizhou Province State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and Technology Guizhou University Guiyang550025 China Imaging Center Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital Harbin150081 China Radiology Department Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital Guiyang550002 China Radiology Department Tongren People’s Hospital Tongren554300 China Univ Lyon INSA Lyon CNRS Inserm CREATIS UMR 5220 U1206 LyonF-69621 France

To promote the generalization ability of breast tumor segmentation models, as well as to improve the segmentation performance for breast tumors with smaller size, low-contrast and irregular shape, we propose a progressive dual priori network (PDPNet) to segment breast tumors from dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance images (DCE-MRI) acquired at different centers. The PDPNet first cropped tumor regions with a coarse-segmentation based localization module, then the breast tumor mask was progressively refined by using the weak semantic priori and cross-scale correlation prior knowledge. To validate the effectiveness of PDPNet, we compared it with several state-of-the-art methods on multi-center datasets. The results showed that, comparing against the suboptimal method, the DSC and HD95 of PDPNet were improved at least by 5.13% and 7.58% respectively on multi-center test sets. In addition, through ablations, we demonstrated that the proposed localization module can decrease the influence of normal tissues and therefore improve the generalization ability of the model. The weak semantic priors allow focusing on tumor regions to avoid missing small tumors and low-contrast tumors. The cross-scale correlation priors are beneficial for promoting the shape-aware ability for irregular tumors. Thus integrating them in a unified framework improved the multicenter breast tumor segmentation performance. The source code and open data can be accessed at https://github. com/wangli100209/PDPNet. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic resonance

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