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HI-Net: Hyperdense inception 3D UNet for brain tumor segmentation

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Qamar, Saqib Ahmad, Parvez Shen, Linlin Computer Vision Institute School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

The brain tumor segmentation task aims to classify tissue into the whole tumor (WT), tumor core (TC) and enhancing tumor (ET) classes using multimodel MRI images. Quantitative analysis of brain tumors is critical for clinical decision making. While manual segmentation is tedious, time-consuming, and subjective, this task is at the same time very challenging to automatic segmentation methods. Thanks to the powerful learning ability, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), mainly fully convolutional networks, have shown promising brain tumor segmentation. This paper further boosts the performance of brain tumor segmentation by proposing hyperdense inception 3D UNet (HI-Net), which captures multi-scale information by stacking factorization of 3D weighted convolutional layers in the residual inception block. We use hyper dense connections among factorized convolutional layers to extract more contexual information, with the help of features reusability. We use a dice loss function to cope with class imbalances. We validate the proposed architecture on the multi-modal brain tumor segmentation challenges (BRATS) 2020 testing dataset. Preliminary results on the BRATS 2020 testing set show that achieved by our proposed approach, the dice (DSC) scores of ET, WT, and TC are 0.79457, 0.87494, and 0.83712, respectively. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Convolution

A Survey on Machine Reading Comprehension: Tasks, Evaluation Metrics, and Benchmark datasets

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zeng, Chengchang Li, Shaobo Li, Qin Hu, Jie Hu, Jianjun Chengdu Institute of Computer Application University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mechanical Engineering Guizhou University College of Big Data and Statistics GuiZhou University of Finance and Economics Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of South Carolina

Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) is a challenging NLP research field with wide real world applications. The great progress of this field in recent years is mainly due to the emergence of large-scale datasets and deep learning. At present, a lot of MRC models have already surpassed the human performance on many datasets despite the obvious giant gap between existing MRC models and genuine human-level reading comprehension. This shows the need of improving existing datasets, evaluation metrics and models to move the MRC models toward’real’ understanding. To address this lack of comprehensive survey of existing MRC tasks, evaluation metrics and datasets, herein, (1) we analyzed 57 MRC tasks and datasets;proposed a more precise classification method of MRC tasks with 4 different attributes (2) we summarized 9 evaluation metrics of MRC tasks and (3) 7 attributes and 10 characteristics of MRC datasets;(4) We also discussed some open issues in MRC research and highlight some future research directions. In addition, to help the community, we have collected, organized, and published our data on a companion website(https://***/) where MRC researchers could directly access each MRC dataset, papers, baseline projects and browse the leaderboard. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surveys

Location embedding based pairwise distance learning for fine-grained diagnosis of urinary stones

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jin, Qiangguo Huang, Jiapeng Sun, Changming Cui, Hui Xuan, Ping Su, Ran Wei, Leyi Wu, Yu-Jie Wu, Chia-An Duh, Henry B.L. Lu, Yueh-Hsun School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical University Shaanxi China Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU Suzhou China CSIRO Data61 Sydney Australia Department of Computer Science and Information Technology La Trobe University Melbourne Australia School of Engineering Shantou University Guangdong China College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University Tianjin China School of Information Xiamen University Xiamen China AIDD Faculty of Applied Science Macao Polytechnic University China Department of Radiology Shuang-Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Master of Public Health Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei Taiwan School of Design The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Department of Radiology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

The precise diagnosis of urinary stones is crucial for devising effective treatment strategies. The diagnostic process, however, is often complicated by the low contrast between stones and surrounding tissues, as well as the variability in stone locations across different patients. To address this issue, we propose a novel location embedding based pairwise distance learning network (LEPD-Net) that leverages low-dose abdominal X-ray imaging combined with location information for the fine-grained diagnosis of urinary stones. LEPD-Net enhances the representation of stone-related features through context-aware region enhancement, incorporates critical location knowledge via stone location embedding, and achieves recognition of fine-grained objects with our innovative fine-grained pairwise distance learning. Additionally, we have established an in-house dataset on urinary tract stones to demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach. Comprehensive experiments conducted on this dataset reveal that our framework significantly surpasses existing state-of-the-art methods. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Embeddings

Research and Implementation of Anti-occlusion Algorithm for Vehicle Detection in Video data 16th

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Research and Implementation of Anti-occlusion Algorithm for ...

16th Web Information Systems and Applications Conference, WISA 2019

作者： Wu, Yongqi Zhou, Zhichao Yao, Lan Yu, Minghe Yan, Yongming College of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China College of Software Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China Department of Video Big Data DIXN Technology Co. Ltd. Shenyang110004 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783030309510

Object detection is an important branch of image processing and computer vision, which has become a hot research issue in recent years. Accurate target detection in a video is the foundation of intelligent surveillance system. Since the background scenario is dynamic and even especially complicated when vehicles occlude, the target detection accuracy is declined. Therefore, based on the bounding box regression algorithm, this paper constructs adjacent punishment mechanism to make the bounding box clear off other objects. The proposal weak confidence suppression is leveraged for the robustness of the detector when occlusion happens. Experiments show that the proposed method outperforms traditional methods on three different datasets. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Object detection

Multivariate time series classification with hierarchical variational graph pooling

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Duan, Ziheng Xu, Haoyan Wang, Yueyang Huang, Yida Ren, Anni Xu, Zhongbin Sun, Yizhou Wang, Wei School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing401331 China College of Energy Engineering Zhejiang University Zhejiang310027 China Department of Computer Science University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States

With the advancement of sensing technology, multivariate time series classification (MTSC) has recently received considerable attention. Existing deep learning-based MTSC techniques, which mostly rely on convolutional or recurrent neural networks, are primarily concerned with the temporal dependency of single time series. As a result, they struggle to express pairwise dependencies among multivariate variables directly. Furthermore, current spatial-temporal modeling (e.g., graph classification) methodologies based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are inherently flat and cannot aggregate hub data in a hierarchical manner. To address these limitations, we propose a novel graph pooling-based framework MTPool to obtain the expressive global representation of MTS. We first convert MTS slices to graphs by utilizing interactions of variables via graph structure learning module and attain the spatial-temporal graph node features via temporal convolutional module. To get global graph-level representation, we design an "encoder-decoder" based variational graph pooling module for creating adaptive centroids for cluster assignments. Then we combine GNNs and our proposed variational graph pooling layers for joint graph representation learning and graph coarsening, after which the graph is progressively coarsened to one node. At last, a differentiable classifier takes this coarsened representation to get the final predicted class. Experiments on ten benchmark datasets exhibit MTPool outperforms state-of-the-art strategies in the MTSC task. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

A reinforcement-learning-based energy-efficient framework for multi-task video analytics pipeline

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhao, Yingying Dong, Mingzhi Wang, Yujiang Feng, Da Lv, Qin Dick, Robert P. Li, Dongsheng Lu, Tun Gu, Ning Shang, Li School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science Fudan University Shanghai China Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics & Systems Shanghai China Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Software Service Company Limited Beijing China University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science College of Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Microsoft Research Asia Shanghai China School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China

Deep-learning-based video processing has yielded transformative results in recent years. However, the video analytics pipeline is energy-intensive due to high data rates and reliance on complex inference algorithms, which limits its adoption in energy-constrained applications. Motivated by the observation of high and variable spatial redundancy and temporal dynamics in video data streams, we design and evaluate an adaptive-resolution optimization framework to minimize the energy use of multitask video analytics pipelines. Instead of heuristically tuning the input data resolution of individual tasks, our framework utilizes deep reinforcement learning to dynamically govern the input resolution and computation of the entire video analytics pipeline. By monitoring the impact of varying resolution on the quality of high-dimensional video analytics features, hence the accuracy of video analytics results, the proposed end-to-end optimization framework learns the best non-myopic policy for dynamically controlling the resolution of input video streams to globally optimize energy efficiency. Governed by reinforcement learning, optical flow is incorporated into the framework to minimize unnecessary spatio-temporal redundancy that leads to re-computation, while preserving accuracy. The proposed framework is applied to video instance segmentation which is one of the most challenging computer vision tasks, and achieves better energy efficiency than all baseline methods of similar accuracy on the YouTube-VIS dataset. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

Attribute-Based Searchable Encryption Scheme Supporting Efficient Range Search in Cloud Computing

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Attribute-Based Searchable Encryption Scheme Supporting Effi...

IEEE Conference on Dependable and Secure Computing

作者： Yuan Li Haiyan Wang Shulan Wang Yong Ding College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen P. R. China Peng Cheng Laboratory Cyberspace Security Research Center Shenzhen P. R. China College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen P. R. China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography Information Security Guilin P. R. China

ISBN: (数字)9781728175348

ISBN: (纸本)9781728175355

With the widespread application of cloud computing technology, data privacy security problem becomes more serious. The recent studies related to searchable encryption (SE) area have shown that the data owners can share their private data with efficient search function and high-strength security. However, the search method has yet to be perfected, compared with the plaintext search mechanism. In this paper, based LSSS matrix, we give a new searchable algorithm, which is suitable for many search method, such as exact search, Boolean search and range search. In order to improve the search efficiency, the 0, 1-coding theory is introduced in the process of ciphertext search. Meanwhile it is shown that multi-search mechanism can improve the efficiency of data sharing. Finally, the performance analysis is presented, which prove our scheme is secure, efficient, and human-friendly.

关键词： Cloud computing data privacy Search methods Conferences Encryption Performance analysis Security

What is the focus of energy supply chain relationship management during geopolitical risks? Evidence from the stock market based on transaction cost economics

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Energy Economics 2025年 148卷

作者： Shizhen Bai Hao He Chunjia Han Mu Yang Wen-Long Shang Weijia Fan School of Management Harbin University of Commerce Harbin 150028 PR China Business School Birkbeck University of London Malet Street Bloomsbury London WC1E 7HX United Kingdom Centre for Transport Studies Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ United Kingdom Computer Vision Institute College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 PR China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 PR China

This study examines B2B relationship management practices in energy supply chains under geopolitical risks and their impact on stock market volatility. We analyze U.S. energy firms' earnings conference calls across three dimensions: intra-firm managerial behavior, inter-firm relationship management, and relationship evaluation. Employing Word2Vec and structural topic modeling, we identify specific B2B relationship management strategies deployed during geopolitical uncertainties. Our findings reveal varied effects of these strategies on market volatility. Controls on energy prices, carbon-neutral technological alliances, and ESG assessments contribute to increased volatility. Conversely, strategies focused on maintaining demand in changing markets, long-term shareholder return management, strategic industry communication, and enhanced technological R&D partnerships reduce volatility. Notably, R&D cooperation in LNG technology, customer interaction improvements, and operational efficiency initiatives show no significant effect. Furthermore, market attention moderates the relationship between B2B relationship management and market volatility. Disclosures emphasizing long-term investments correlate with decreased market share and reduced volatility, while short-term investment communications increase both market share and volatility. It suggests energy firms must balance short-term performance with long-term stability in their disclosure strategies. This research advances the application of artificial intelligence in B2B relationship management under geopolitical uncertainty, enriching theoretical foundations in energy supply chain management while providing practical guidance for firms navigating complex global risks.

关键词： Business-to-business (B2B) relationship management Energy supply chain Geopolitical risks Stock market volatility Stock market attention Disruptive technologies Earning conference call

Task Offloading for Automatic Speech Recognition in Edge-Cloud Computing Based Mobile Networks

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Task Offloading for Automatic Speech Recognition in Edge-Clo...

IEEE Symposium on computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Shitong Cheng Zhenghui Xu Xiuhua Li Xiongwei Wu Qilin Fan Xiaofei Wang Victor C. M. Leung School of Big Data & Software Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin University Tianjin China College of Computer Science & Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen China Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781728180861

ISBN: (纸本)9781728180878

Explosively increasing multimedia services and applications, e.g., automatic speech recognition (ASR), have aggravated the burden on the cloud server in mobile networks. To address the challenge, mobile edge computing has emerged for partially alleviating the workload of the cloud server and enhancing the quality of service of mobile users. In this paper, we aim to employ the technique of edge-cloud computing to accelerate the processing of ASR tasks generated by users in mobile networks. Particularly, we deploy a convolutional neural network based encoder in each edge server to extract features of the audio data. Based on certain network constraints (i.e., user association and edge servers' storage/computing capacity), we propose a low-complexity and distributed iterative greedy method to address the formulated nonlinear mixed-integer nonconvex optimization problem. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme on reducing the total delay in the network.

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