检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Bioinformatic Analysis Reveals both Oversampled and Underexplored Biosynthetic Diversity in Nonribosomal Peptides

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

ACS Chemical Biology 2023年第3期18卷 476-483页

作者： Jian, Bo-Siyuan Chiou, Shao-Lun Hsu, Chun-Chia Ho, Josh Wu, Yu-Wei Chu, John Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei 10675 Taiwan Clinical Big Data Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei 10675 Taiwan TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 10675 Taiwan

The traditional natural product discovery approach has accessed only a fraction of the chemical diversity in nature. The use of bioinformatic tools to interpret the instructions encoded in microbial biosynthetic genes has the potential to circumvent the existing methodological bottlenecks and greatly expand the scope of discovery. Structural prediction algorithms for nonribosomal peptides (NRPs), the largest family of microbial natural products, lie at the heart of this new approach. To understand the scope and limitation of the existing prediction algorithms, we evaluated their performances on NRP synthetase biosynthetic gene clusters. Our systematic analysis shows that the NRP biosynthetic landscape is uneven. Phenylglycine and its derivatives as a group of NRP building blocks (BBs), for example, have been oversampled, reflecting an extensive historical interest in the glycopeptide antibiotics family. In contrast, the benzoyl BB, including 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate (DHB), has been the most underexplored, hinting at the possibility of a reservoir of as yet unknown DHB containing NRPs with functional roles other than a siderophore. Our results also suggest that there is still vast unexplored biosynthetic diversity in nature, and the analysis presented herein shall help guide and strategize future natural product discovery campaigns. We also discuss possible ways bioinformaticians and biochemists could work together to improve the existing prediction algorithms. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Algorithms Bacteria Bioinformatics and computational biology Peptides and proteins Pharmaceuticals

CW-YOLO: joint learning for mask wearing detection in low-light conditions

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of computer science 2023年第6期17卷 191-193页

作者： Mingqiang GUO Hongting SHENG Zhizheng ZHANG Ying HUANG Xueye CHEN Cunjin WANG Jiaming ZHANG School of Computer Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China National Engineering Research Center of Geographic Information System Wuhan 430074China Wuhan Zondy Cyber Technology Co.Ltd. Wuhan 430074China Shenzhen Data Management Center of Planning and Natural Resources Shenzhen 518000China Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation(Ministry of Natural Resources) Shenzhen 518000China College of Engineering Boston UniversityBoston 02215USA

1 Introduction With the rapid progress of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technology in object detection and face recognition,deep learning methods for face mask wearing detection have become increasingly mature and continuously take into account the needs of efficiency and ***,these conventional detection methods mostly ignore the complexity of real-world application scenarios,such as extremely darkness and gloomy *** unfavorable conditions lead to a series of image degradations that seriously hamper machine vision *** camera parameter adjustment,auxiliary lighting,or pre-processing enhancement[1]can weaken these negative effects to some extent to promote the detection,they will also result in increased hardware and time costs.

关键词： hardware lighting weather

WebCode2M: A Real-World dataset for Code Generation from Webpage Designs 25

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

WebCode2M: A Real-World Dataset for Code Generation from Web...

34th ACM Web Conference, WWW 2025

作者： Gui, Yi Li, Zhen Wan, Yao Shi, Yemin Zhang, Hongyu Su, Yi Chen, Bohua Chen, Dongping Wu, Siyuan Zhou, Xing Jiang, Wenbin Jin, Hai Zhang, Xiangliang Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Peking University Beijing China Chongqing University Chongqing China Hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan China Rabbitpre AI Shenzhen China University of Notre Dame Notre Dame United States National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400712746

Automatically generating webpage code from webpage designs can significantly reduce the workload of front-end developers, and recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising potential in this area. However, our investigation reveals that most existing MLLMs are constrained by the absence of high-quality, large-scale, real-world datasets, resulting in inadequate performance in automated webpage code generation. To fill this gap, this paper introduces WebCode2M, a new dataset comprising 2.56 million instances, each containing a design image along with the corresponding webpage code and layout details. Sourced from real-world web resources, WebCode2M offers a rich and valuable dataset for webpage code generation across a variety of applications. The dataset quality is ensured by a scoring model that filters out instances with aesthetic deficiencies or other incomplete elements. To validate the effectiveness of WebCode2M, we introduce a baseline model based on the Vision Transformer (ViT), named WebCoder, and establish a benchmark for fair comparison. Additionally, we introduce a new metric, TreeBLEU, to measure the structural hierarchy recall. The benchmarking results demonstrate that our dataset significantly improves the ability of MLLMs to generate code from webpage designs, confirming its effectiveness and usability for future applications in front-end design tools. Finally, we highlight several practical challenges introduced by our dataset, calling for further research. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Web Design

Multi-IRS Enhanced Wireless Coverage: Deployment Optimization Based on Large-Scale Channel Knowledge

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2024年

作者： Fu, Min Zhu, Lipeng Zhang, Rui Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117583 Singapore School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Guangdong518172 China

In this paper, we study the intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) deployment problem where a number of IRSs are optimally placed in a target area to improve its signal coverage with the serving base station (BS). To achieve this, we assume that there is a given set of candidate sites in the target area for deploying IRSs and divide the area into multiple grids of identical size. Then, we derive the average channel power gains from the BS to IRS in each candidate site and from this IRS to any grid in the target area in terms of IRS deployment parameters, including its size, position, height, and orientation. Thus, we are able to approximate the average cascaded channel power gain from the BS to each grid via any IRS, assuming an effective IRS reflection gain based on the large-scale channel knowledge only. Next, we formulate a multi-IRS deployment optimization problem to minimize the total deployment cost by selecting a subset of candidate sites for deploying IRSs and jointly optimizing their heights, orientations, and numbers of reflecting elements while satisfying a given coverage rate performance requirement over all grids in the target area. To solve this challenging combinatorial optimization problem, we first reformulate it as an integer linear programming problem and solve it optimally using the branchand- bound (BB) algorithm. In addition, we propose an efficient successive refinement algorithm to further reduce computational complexity. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed lower-complexity successive refinement algorithm achieves nearoptimal performance but with significantly reduced running time compared to the proposed optimal BB algorithm, as well as superior performance-cost trade-off than other baseline IRS deployment strategies. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Integer linear programming

Movable Antenna Enhanced Wireless Sensing Via Antenna Position Optimization

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2024年

作者： Ma, Wenyan Zhu, Lipeng Zhang, Rui The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117583 Singapore School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China

In this paper, we propose a new wireless sensing system equipped with the movable-antenna (MA) array, which can flexibly adjust the positions of antenna elements for improving the sensing performance over conventional antenna arrays with fixed-position antennas (FPAs). First, we show that the angle estimation performance in wireless sensing is fundamentally determined by the array geometry, where the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) of the mean square error (MSE) for angle of arrival (AoA) estimation is derived as a function of the antennas’ positions for both one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) MA arrays. Then, for the case of 1D MA array, we obtain a globally optimal solution for the MAs’ positions in closed form to minimize the CRB of AoA estimation MSE. While in the case of 2D MA array, we aim to achieve the minimum of maximum (min-max) CRBs of estimation MSE for the two AoAs with respect to the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively. In particular, for the special case of circular antenna movement region, an optimal solution for the MAs’ positions is derived under certain numbers of MAs and circle radii. Thereby, both the lower- and upper-bounds of the min-max CRB are obtained for the antenna movement region with arbitrary shapes. Moreover, we develop an efficient alternating optimization algorithm to obtain a locally optimal solution for MAs’ positions by iteratively optimizing one between their horizontal and vertical coordinates with the other being fixed. Numerical results demonstrate that our proposed 1D/2D MA arrays can significantly decrease the CRB of AoA estimation MSE as well as the actual MSE compared to conventional uniform linear arrays (ULAs)/uniform planar arrays (UPAs) with different values of uniform inter-antenna spacing. Furthermore, it is revealed that the steering vectors of our designed 1D/2D MA arrays exhibit low correlation in the angular domain, thus effectively reducing the ambiguity of angle estimation. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Antenna arrays

FedEAT: A Robustness Optimization Framework for Federated LLMs

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2025年

作者： Pang, Yahao Wu, Xingyuan Zhang, Xiaojin Chen, Wei Jin, Hai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Significant advancements have been made by Large Language Models (LLMs) in the domains of natural language understanding and automated content creation. However, they still face persistent problems, including substantial computational costs and inadequate availability of training data. The combination of Federated Learning (FL) and LLMs (federated LLMs) offers a solution by leveraging distributed data while protecting privacy, which positions it as an ideal choice for sensitive domains. However, Federated LLMs still suffer from robustness challenges, including data heterogeneity, malicious clients, and adversarial attacks, which greatly hinder their applications. We first introduce the robustness problems in federated LLMs, to address these challenges, we propose FedEAT (Federated Embedding space Adversarial Training), a novel framework that applies adversarial training in the embedding space of client LLM and employs a robust aggregation approach, specifically geometric median aggregation, to enhance the robustness of Federated LLMs. Our experiments demonstrate that FedEAT effectively improves the robustness of Federated LLMs with minimal performance loss. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Federated learning

Genetic Auto-prompt Learning for Pre-trained Code Intelligence Language Models

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2024年

作者： Feng, Chengzhe Sun, Yanan Li, Ke Zhou, Pan Lv, Jiancheng Lu, Aojun The College of Computer Science Sichuan University Chengdu610065 China The Department of Computer Science University of Exeter ExeterEX4 4QF United Kingdom The Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

As Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs), a popular approach for code intelligence, continue to grow in size, the computational cost of their usage has become prohibitively expensive. Prompt learning, a recent development in the field of natural language processing, emerges as a potential solution to address this challenge. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of prompt learning in code intelligence tasks. We unveil its reliance on manually designed prompts, which often require significant human effort and expertise. Moreover, we discover existing automatic prompt design methods are very limited to code intelligence tasks due to factors including gradient dependence, high computational demands, and limited applicability. To effectively address both issues, we propose Genetic Auto Prompt (GenAP), which utilizes an elaborate genetic algorithm to automatically design prompts. With GenAP, non-experts can effortlessly generate superior prompts compared to meticulously manual-designed ones. GenAP operates without the need for gradients or additional computational costs, rendering it gradient-free and cost-effective. Moreover, GenAP supports both understanding and generation types of code intelligence tasks, exhibiting great applicability. We conduct GenAP on three popular code intelligence PLMs with three canonical code intelligence tasks including defect prediction, code summarization, and code translation. The results suggest that GenAP can effectively automate the process of designing prompts. Specifically, GenAP outperforms all other methods across all three tasks (e.g. improving accuracy by an average of 2.13% for defect prediction). To the best of our knowledge, GenAP is the first work to automatically design prompts for code intelligence PLMs. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Design

Detection and Classification of Transmission Line Transient Faults Based on Graph Convolutional Neural Network

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第3期7卷 456-471页

作者： Houjie Tong Robert C.Qiu Dongxia Zhang Haosen Yang Qi Ding Xin Shi Department of Electrical Engineering Center for Big Data and Artificial IntelligenceShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Electronic Information and Communication Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430000China Electric Power Research Institute Haidian DistrictBeijing 100192China School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

We present a novel transient fault detection and classification approach in power transmission lines based on graph convolutional neural *** with the existing techniques,the proposed approach considers explicit spatial information in sampling sequences as prior knowledge and it has stronger feature extraction *** this basis,a framework for transient fault detection and classification is *** structure is generated to provide topology information to the *** approach takes the adjacency matrix of topology graph and the bus voltage signals during a sampling period after transient faults as inputs,and outputs the predicted classification results ***,the proposed approach is tested in various situations and its generalization ability is verified by experimental *** results show that the proposed approach can detect and classify transient faults more effectively than the existing techniques,and it is practical for online transmission line protection for its rapidness,high robustness and generalization ability.

关键词： Graph convolutional network(GCN) power transmission line fault detection and classification spatio-temporal data topology information

LLM App Store Analysis: A Vision and Roadmap

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhao, Yanjie Hou, Xinyi Wang, Shenao Wang, Haoyu Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

The rapid growth and popularity of large language model (LLM) app stores have created new opportunities and challenges for researchers, developers, users, and app store managers. As the LLM app ecosystem continues to evolve, it is crucial to understand the current landscape and identify potential areas for future research and development. This paper presents a forward-looking analysis of LLM app stores, focusing on key aspects such as data mining, security risk identification, development assistance, and market dynamics. Our comprehensive examination extends to the intricate relationships between various stakeholders and the technological advancements driving the ecosystem's growth. We explore the ethical considerations and potential societal impacts of widespread LLM app adoption, highlighting the need for responsible innovation and governance frameworks. By examining these aspects, we aim to provide a vision for future research directions and highlight the importance of collaboration among stakeholders to address the challenges and opportunities within the LLM app ecosystem. The insights and recommendations provided in this paper serve as a foundation for driving innovation, ensuring responsible development, and creating a thriving, user-centric LLM app landscape. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ecosystems