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A numerical magnitude aware multi-channel hierarchical encoding network for math word problem solving

Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第3期37卷 1651-1672页

作者： Xu, Junjie Chen, Yuzhong Xiao, Lingsheng Liao, Hongmiao Zhong, Jiayuan Dong, Chen College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Ministry of Education Fuzhou China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China

Math word problem (MWP) represents a critical research area within reading comprehension, where accurate comprehension of math problem text is crucial for generating math expressions. However, current approaches still grapple with unresolved challenges in grasping the sensitivity of math problem text and delineating distinct roles across various clause types, and enhancing numerical representation. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a Numerical Magnitude Aware Multi-Channel Hierarchical Encoding Network (NMA-MHEA) for math expression generation. Firstly, NMA-MHEA implements a multi-channel hierarchical context encoding module to learn context representations at three different channels: intra-clause channel, inter-clause channel, and context-question interaction channel. NMA-MHEA constructs hierarchical constituent-dependency graphs for different levels of sentences and employs a Hierarchical Graph Attention Neural Network (HGAT) to learn syntactic and semantic information within these graphs at the intra-clause and inter-clause channels. NMA-MHEA then refines context clauses using question information at the context-question interaction channel. Secondly, NMA-MHEA designs a number encoding module to enhance the relative magnitude information among numerical values and type information of numerical values. Experimental results on two public benchmark datasets demonstrate that NMA-MHEA outperforms other state-of-the-art models. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Semantics

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Readout electronics for the gamma detector of the HIRFL-CSR external target facility

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2025年第2期36卷 71-81页

作者： Xian-Qin Li Hai-Bo Yang Xiao-Meng Ma Chao-Jie Zou Tao Liu Xian-Cai Zhou Duo Yan Yang-Zhou Su Shu-Wen Tang Shi-Tao Wang Yu-Hong Yu Zhi-Yu Sun Cheng-Xin Zhao Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China School of Big Data and Information Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

The Cooling Storage Ring of the Heavy Ion research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL-CSR)was constructed to study nuclear physics,atomic physics,interdisciplinary science,and related *** External Target Facility(ETF)is located in the main ring of the *** gamma detector of the ETF is built to measure emitted gamma rays with energies below 5 MeV in the center-of-mass frame and is planned to measure light fragments with energies up to 300 *** readout electronics for the gamma detector were designed and *** readout electronics consist of thirty-two front-end cards,thirty-two readout control units(RCUs),one common readout unit,one synchronization&clock unit,and one sub-trigger *** using the real-time peak-detection algorithm implemented in the RCU,the data volume can be significantly *** addition,trigger logic selection algorithms are implemented to improve the selection of useful events and reduce the data *** test results show that the integral nonlinearity of the readout electronics is less than 1%,and the energy resolution for measuring the 60 Co source is better than 5.5%.This study discusses the design and performance of the readout electronics.

关键词： HIRFL-CSR Gamma detector External target facility Readout electronics Readout control unit Common readout unit Peak-detection algorithm

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MC-2PF: a Multi-edge Cooperative Universal Framework for Load Prediction with Personalized Federated Deep Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第06期24卷 5138-5154页

作者： Chen, Zheyi Jiang, Qingnan Chen, Lixian Chen, Xing Li, Jie Min, Geyong Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350116 China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Fuzhou350002 China Fuzhou350116 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai200240 China University of Exeter Faculty of Environment Science and Economy Department of Computer Science ExeterEX4 4QF United Kingdom

The emerging load prediction techniques support up-front and rational resource provisioning in edge systems to enhance system efficiency and Quality-of-Service (QoS). Classic prediction methods may handle loads with apparent trends, but they cannot achieve accurate prediction for highly-variable edge loads. With the advantage of sequential data analysis, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are often used for load prediction but reveal limited generalization ability and low training efficiency. Moreover, it is hard to obtain a well-performed prediction model by discrete single-edge training with insufficient historical data. To address these important challenges, we propose a novel Multi-edge Cooperative universal framework for load Prediction with Personalized Federated deep learning (MC-2PF), enabling multi-edge cooperative training of load prediction models. Specifically, to solve the client-drift issue in federated learning (FL) caused by distinct data distribution, we customize personalized models for each edge by independent control parameters and theoretically analyze the model convergence improvement. Meanwhile, we prove the generalization bound of the MC2PF and its universality to RNN-based prediction models through a practical example. Using the real-world testbed and load datasets, extensive experiments verify the effectiveness and practicality of the MC-2PF for different RNN-based prediction models. Compared to state-of-the-art frameworks, the MC-2PF achieves higher prediction accuracy, faster convergence, and stronger adaptiveness. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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ELLIPTIC EQUATION WITH CRITICAL EXPONENT AND DIPOLE POTENTIAL: EXISTENCE AND DECAY ESTIMATES

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2025年第2期45卷 636-658页

作者： Yu SU Zhisu LIU Senli LIU School of Mathematics and Big Data Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China School of Mathematics and Physics China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Institute for Advanced Marine Research China University of GeosciencesGuangzhou 511462China College of Mathematics and Computing Science Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

The paper is concerned with a class of elliptic equation with critical exponent and Dipole *** precisely,we make use of the refined Sobolev inequality with Morrey norm to obtain the existence and decay properties of n... 详细信息

关键词： Dipole potential decay estimation Hardy Sobolev critical exponent Henon Sobolev critical exponent

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Hybrid feature-based neural network regression method for load profiles forecasting

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Energy Informatics 2025年第1期8卷 1-20页

作者： Satan, Aidos Zhakiyev, Nurkhat Nugumanova, Aliya Friedrich, Daniel Department of Science and Innovation Astana IT University Astana010000 Kazakhstan Big Data and Blockchain technologies Research Center Astana IT University Astana Kazakhstan School of Engineering Institute for Energy Systems University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH93DW United Kingdom Department of Energy Engineering University of Genova Savona17100 Italy

This study addresses the critical need for improved demand forecasting models that can accurately predict energy consumption, particularly in the context of varying geographical and climatic conditions. The work introduces a novel demand forecasting model that integrates clustering techniques and feature engineering into neural network regression, with a specific focus on incorporating correlations with air temperature. Evaluation of the model’s efficacy utilized a benchmark dataset from Tetouan, Morocco, where existing forecasting methods yielded RMSE values ranging from 6429 to 10,220 [MWh]. In contrast, the proposed approach achieved a significantly lower RMSE of 5168, indicating its superiority. Subsequent application of the model to forecast demand in Astana, Kazakhstan, as a case study, showcased its efficacy further. Comparative analysis against a baseline neural network method revealed a notable improvement, with the proposed model exhibiting a MAPE of 5.19% compared to the baseline’s 17.36%. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed approach to enhance demand forecasting accuracy, particularly across diverse geographical contexts, by leveraging climate-related inputs, the methodology also demonstrates potential for broader applications, such as flood forecasting, agricultural yield prediction, or water resource management. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Demand response

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GNN-based Structured Bayesian Inference for Multi-grid Localized Statistical Channel Modeling

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Wang, Yiheng Xue, Ye Zhang, Shutao Chang, Tsung-Hui The Chinese University of HongKong Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data School of Data Science Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data School of Science and Engineering Guangdong518172 China

Localized statistical channel modeling (LSCM) is an efficient channel modeling framework recently proposed for wireless network optimization which learns the angular power spectrum (APS) of the downlink channel from the beam-wise reference signal receiving power (RSRP). However, the conventional LSCM is only based on RSRP measurements from one single geographical grid and ignores the inherent property of spatial consistency over wireless channels, resulting in suboptimal performance. To this end, we consider the LSCM in a manner of multiple geographical grids and further propose a novel graph-based approach for the multi-grid LSCM, called the accelerated Markovian variational Bayesian graph neural network (AMVB-GNN). The AMVB-GNN leverages a heterogeneous Markovian graph representation to capture the structured sparsity in the channel APSs and employs refined variational Bayesian inference (VBI) to learn the APSs of multiple grids. Notably, the design of AMVB-GNN eliminates the exact matrix inversion operations required in conventional VBI, thereby enhancing computational efficiency. Additionally, we demonstrate the partial permutation equivalence of AMVB-GNN, ensuring both interpretability and reliability. To address the issue of the demand for ground-truth APSs labels, we propose an unsupervised training loss function. Extensive simulation experiments validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed AMVB-GNN model. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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FlexIM: Efficient and Verifiable Index Management in Blockchain

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IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and data engineering 2025年第6期37卷 3399-3412页

作者： Li, Binhong Lin, Licheng Zhang, Shijie Xu, Jianliang Xiao, Jiang Li, Bo Jin, Hai Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Laboratory Cluster and Grid Computing Laboratory School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Hong Kong Baptist University School of Computer Science China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong999077 Hong Kong

Blockchain-based query with its traceability and data provenance has become increasingly popular and widely adopted in numerous applications. Yet existing index-based query approaches are only efficient under static blockchain query workloads where the query attribute or type must be fixed. It turns out to be particularly challenging to construct an efficient index for dynamic workloads due to prohibitively long construction time and excessive storage consumption. In this paper, we present FlexIM, the first efficient and verifiable index management system for blockchain dynamic queries. The key innovation in FlexIM is to uncover the inherent characteristics of blockchain, i.e., data distribution and block access frequency, and then to optimally choose the index by utilizing reinforcement learning technique under varying workloads. In addition, we enhance and facilitate verifiability with low storage overhead by leveraging Root Merkle Tree (RMT) and Bloom Filter Merkle Tree (BMT). Our comprehensive evaluations demonstrate that FlexIM outperforms the state-of-the-art blockchain query mechanism, vChain+, by achieving a 26.5% speedup while consuming 94.2% less storage, on average, over real-world Bitcoin datasets. 1989-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Structured Query Language

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Two efficient beamforming methods for hybrid IRS-aided AF relay wireless networks

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第4期68卷 363-379页

作者： Xuehui WANG Qingbo LI Wen ZHU Feng SHU Mengxing HUANG Fuhui ZHOU Riqing CHEN Cunhua PAN Yongpeng WU Jiangzhou WANG School of Mathematics and Statistics Hainan Normal University Key Laboratory of Data Science and Smart Education Ministry of Education Hainan Normal University School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan University Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Technology Hainan University School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology College of Electronic and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Digital Fujian Institute of Big Data for Agriculture Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Navigation and Location Based Services Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Engineering University of Kent

Owing to its ability to mitigate the double-fading effect by amplifying the reflected signal, the active intelligent reflecting surface(IRS) has garnered significant attention. In this paper, an amplify-and-forward(AF) relay network assisted by a hybrid IRS consisting of both passive and active units is developed. A signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) maximization problem is formulated, where the AF relay beamforming matrix and the hybrid IRS reflecting coefficient matrices for two-time slots need to be optimized. To address the SNR maximization problem, this paper proposes both a high-performance(HP) method and a low-complexity(LC) method. The HP method is based on the semidefinite relaxation and fractional programming(SDR-FP)algorithm, with rank-1 solutions obtained through Gaussian randomization. For the LC method, the amplification coefficient of each active IRS element is assumed to be equal. The SNR maximization problem is then addressed using the whitening filter,generalized power iteration, and generalized Rayleigh-Ritz(WF-GPI-GRR) approach. Simulation results show that compared with the benchmarks, such as the passive IRS-aided AF relay network, the proposed HP-SDR-FP and WF-GPI-GRR methods achieve significant rate improvements. In particular, the HP-SDR-FP and WF-GPI-GRR methods yield more than a 135.0%rate gain when the transmit power Ps of the source is 10 dBm. Furthermore, the proposed HP-SDR-FP method outperforms the WF-GPI-GRR method in terms of rate performance.

关键词： double-fading intelligent reflecting surface active elements passive elements hybrid IRS AF relay

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An overview on IRS-enabled sensing and communications for 6G: architectures, fundamental limits, and joint beamforming designs

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 170-193页

作者： Xianxin SONG Yuan FANG Feng WANG Zixiang REN Xianghao YU Ye ZHANG Fan LIU Jie XU Derrick Wing Kwan NG Rui ZHANG Shuguang CUI School of Science and Engineering (SSE) Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen)and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

This study presents an overview on intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-enabled sensing and communication for the forthcoming sixth-generation(6G) wireless networks, in which IRSs are strategically deployed to proactively reconfigure wireless environments to improve both sensing and communication(S&C) performance. First, we exploit a single IRS to enable wireless sensing in the base station's(BS's) non-line-of-sight(NLoS) area. In particular, we present three IRS-enabled NLoS target sensing architectures with fully-passive, semi-passive, and active IRSs, respectively. We compare their pros and cons by analyzing the fundamental sensing performance limits for target detection and parameter estimation. Next, we consider a single IRS to facilitate integrated sensing and communication(ISAC), in which the transmit signals at the BS are used for achieving both S&C functionalities, aided by the IRS through reflective beamforming. We present joint transmit signal and receiver processing designs for realizing efficient ISAC, and jointly optimize the transmit beamforming at the BS and reflective beamforming at the IRS to balance the fundamental performance tradeoff between S&C. Furthermore, we discuss multi-IRS networked ISAC, by particularly focusing on multi-IRS-enabled multi-link ISAC, multi-region ISAC, and ISAC signal routing, respectively. Finally, we highlight various promising research topics in this area to motivate future work.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) sensing sensing and communication tradeoff

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Cost-Effective Edge data Caching with Failure Tolerance and Popularity Awareness

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第06期24卷 5357-5369页

作者： Luo, Ruikun Zhang, Zujia He, Qiang Xu, Mengxi Chen, Feifei Dai, Xiaohai Wu, Song Jin, Hai Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology China Deakin University School of Information Technology GeelongVIC3125 Australia

In the mobile edge computing environment, caching data in edge storage systems can significantly reduce data retrieval latency for users while saving the costs incurred by cloud-edge data transmissions for app vendors. Existing edge data caching (EDC) methods prioritize popular data and aim to minimize users' data retrieval latency and system storage costs jointly. However, these EDC methods often rely on the assumption that data popularity always follows certain distributions. As a result, they cannot properly adapt to the fluctuations in data popularity due to user mobility or unexpected increases in user demands. Meanwhile, unlike cloud data centers, complex and fragile edge servers are more likely to experience physical failures or network outages, presenting new challenges for EDC strategies. Specifically, when an edge server fails or experiences an outage, cached data may become temporarily unavailable, leading to increased latency as requests are redirected to alternative servers or the cloud. In this paper, to enable uncertainty-aware edge data caching (uEDC), we first model the problem as a robust optimization problem and propose an optimal algorithm named uEDC-B to find the optimal uEDC solution. To address the high computational complexity of uEDC-B, we introduce an approximate algorithm named uEDC-L based on linear decision rules. Theoretical analysis and extensive experiments on a real-world dataset demonstrate that the proposed methods outperform two state-of-the-art approaches in handling the uncertainties in data popularity and edge server failure with a significant performance improvement of 59.27% in data retrieval latency and 55.07% in data caching cost. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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